195,549 research outputs found
Jørgen Pedersen on Fiscal policy - A note
No full textWith The General Theory Keynes initiated a true revolution in the field of economics putting forward a new way of reasoning which gave way to modern views on economic policy. However, he was not the only one who thought along these lines in the 1930s. Jørgen Pedersen, who was to become the founding father of the Keynesian tradition in Denmark, also made some early contributions. In the 1933-article Economic Stabilization he presented a clear macroeconomic way of reasoning. Later on in the 1937-article Some Problems of Public Finance he discussed some important problems concerning how to use fiscal policy properly. In both articles Pedersen took a remarkable clear Keynesian position.
tritrophic-dispersal-model: Code used for creating figures for "Non-hierarchical dispersal promotes stability and resilience in a tri-trophic metacommunity"
No full text<p>This is the commented code used for creating figures for the paper. Any questions regarding the code should be directed to the corresponding author and repository owner (Eric Pedersen). </p>
Against neo-wittgensteinian entitlements
No full textIn this paper I raise some worries against one specific notion of entitlement defended in the last decade mainly by Crispin Wright (but also, in some ways, by Michael Williams). As first proposed, entitlements should be novel kinds of warrant, hereto unknown to epistemological reflection and capable of solving the old and most challenging problem of epistemology—that is, scepticism of both a Cartesian and of a Humean fashion. Furthermore, the notion of entitlement here under consideration is taken to be of Wittgensteinian descent—or so it is argued by its supporters. It would therefore usefully lend itself to an interpretation of Wittgenstein’s ideas in On Certainty.
In the first part of the paper, I briefly present Wright’s views. In the second, I show why entitlements cannot be appealed to in the course of a fair rendition of Wittgenstein’s ideas. In the third, I show why, irrespective of their alleged Wittgensteinian lineage, entitlements are highly problematic in their own right
Arrival angle anomalies of Rayleigh waves observed at a broadband array: A systematic study based on earthquake data, full waveform simulations and noise correlations
No full textDeviation of seismic surface waves from the great-circle between source and receiver is illustrated by the anomalies in the arrival angle, that is the difference between the observed backazimuth of the incident waves and the great-circle. Such arrival angle anomalies have been known for decades, but observations remain scattered. We present a systematic study of arrival angle anomalies of fundamental mode Rayleigh waves (20-100 s period interval) from 289 earthquakes and recorded by a broadband network LAPNET, located in northern Finland. These observations are compared with those of full waveform synthetic seismograms for the same events, calculated in a 3-D Earth and also compared with those of seismograms obtained by ambient noise correlation. The arrival angle anomalies for individual events are complex, and have significant variations with period. On average, the mean absolute deviation decreases from ~ 9° at 20 s period to ~ 3° at 100 s period. The synthetic seismograms show the same evolution, albeit with somewhat smaller deviations. While the arrival angle anomalies are fairly well simulated at long periods, the deviations at short periods are very poorly modelled, demonstrating the importance of the continuous improvement of global crustal models. At 20-30 s period, both event data and numerical simulations have strong multipathing, and relative amplitude changes between different waves will induced differences in deviations between very closely located events. The source mechanism has only limited influence on the deviations, demonstrating that they are directly linked to propagation effects, including near-field effects in the source area. This observation is confirmed by the comparison with seismic noise correlation records, that is where the surface waves correspond to those emitted by a point source at the surface, as the two types of observations are remarkably similar in the cases where earthquakes are located close to seismic stations. This agreement additionally confirms that the noise correlations capture the complex surface wave propagation
Emergence of body waves from cross-correlation of short period seismic noise
No full textAmbient noise correlation is now widely used in seismology to obtain the surface waves part of Green's function. More difficult is the extraction of body waves from noise correlations. Using 42 temporary broad-band three components stations located on the northern part of the fennoscandian region, we identify high-frequency (0.5-2 Hz) body waves emerging from noise correlations for inter-station distances up to 550 km. The comparison of the noise correlations with earthquake data confirms that the observed waves can be interpreted as P and S waves reflected from the Moho. Because the crustal model of the area is well known, we also compared the noise correlations with synthetic seismograms, and found an excellent agreement between the travel times of all the observed phases. Polarization analysis provides a further argument to confirm the observation of body waves. © 2011 The Authors Geophysical Journal International © 2011 RAS
Noise directivity and group velocity tomography in a region with small velocity contrasts: The northern Baltic shield
No full textAmbient noise tomography (ANT) is widely used to image strong velocity variations within the upper crust. Using careful processing, we obtained a 3-D model of shear velocities in the upper crust beneath northern Finland, where the lateral velocity variations are less than 3 per cent. As part of the tomography, the noise field is analysed. It is strongly heterogeneous but the signal-to-noise ratio is sufficient to obtain stable dispersion curves for all profile azimuths. Our results show that the directions of dominant noise sources of Rayleigh and Love waves are the same, but the amplitude distribution with azimuth is different for the two types of waves. More intriguingly, the high frequency Love waves are dominated by a mixture of higher modes rather than the fundamental mode. The reconstructed 3-D model shows the Lapland Granulite Belt as a high velocity body with a limit at surface in excellent agreement with geological observations at surface. Following this interface at depth, our results are compatible with previous studies suggesting an Archean north oriented subduction. © The Authors 2012
The updated Pedersen-Bjergaard method for assessment of awareness of hypoglycaemia in type 1 diabetes
No full textINTRODUCTION. Loss of awareness of hypoglycaemia is the major risk factor for severe hypoglycaemia in type 1 diabetes. Three methods for assessment of self-reported awareness have been validated and used more widely: the Gold, the Clarke and the Pedersen-Bjergaard classification. Comparisons between the methods are hampered by the latter operating with three classes, whereas the other methods are bimodal. We have therefore updated the Pedersen-Bjergaard classification and here present a comparison of the three methods. METHODS. Adult people with type 1 diabetes (n = 325) completed a validated questionnaire. Hypoglycaemia awareness was self-reported by the three methods: Gold, Clarke and Pedersen-Bjergaard scores. The latter was updated by renaming the previous "impaired " class to "intermediate ". RESULTS. A total of 24%, 17% and 14% of patients were classified as having loss of awareness by the Gold, Clarke and updated Pedersen-Bjergaard methods, respectively, with reasonably good agreement and all with increased rates of severe hypoglycaemia. The latter classified 43% with normal and 43% with intermediate awareness and low and average rate of severe hypoglycaemia, respectively. CONCLUSION. The three classifications identified people with loss of awareness with a reasonably high degree of concordance. In contrast to the others, the updated Pedersen-Bjergaard method identified groups with normal and intermediate awareness with clinically significant different risks of severe hypoglycaemia.</p
Ethnicity in Hellenistic Egypt, P. Bilde, T. Engberg-Pedersen, L. Hannestad et J. Zahle eds., 1992
No full textLada Csaba A. Ethnicity in Hellenistic Egypt, P. Bilde, T. Engberg-Pedersen, L. Hannestad et J. Zahle eds., 1992. In: Topoi, volume 4/1, 1994. pp. 341-350
Mrs. Pedersen
No full textMRS. PEDERSEN opened the kitchen door and pulled XvJL j^p w o r n bathrobe closer around her. It was still early. The room was hazy gray in the early morning light. The work counters loomed shadow-like. The pots and pans hanging from overhead were non-descript jagged lumps. There wasn't a sound from the sleeping sorority girls up-stairs...</p
Pfaffia glomerata Pedersen
No full textPfaffia glomerata (Spreng.) Pedersen in Darwiniana 14: 450. 1967. ÷ Iresine glomerata Spreng., Neue Entd. 2: 110. 1821. = Pfaffia stenophylla var. basilignosa Chodat in Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève ser. 2, 18: 254. 1927, syn. nov. Lectotypus (in hoc loco designatus): PARAGUAY. Central: “Trinidad ad flumen”, VII.1914, Chodat, R. s.n. (G [G00103839]!). Syntypi: PARAGUAY. Central: “Trinidad dans les argiles”, VII.1914, Chodat, R. s.n. (G [G00103838]!); “La Trinidad. Chaco formation ad flumen”, VII.1914, Chodat, R. s.n. (G [G00103885]!); “Cerro Lambaré”, 1914, Chodat, R. s.n. (G [G00103837]!). Cordillera: “ Tucangua ”, 1914, Chodat, R. s.n. (G [G00103840]!); “ Tucangua ”, 1914, Chodat, R. s.n. (G [G00103841]!). Presidente Hayes: “En los campos húmedos en el Rio Negro ”, VIII.1906 [?], Rojas, T. 691 (G [perdido?] [Hassler, 1909: 55]). = Pfaffia iresinoides var. angustifolia O. Stützer in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 88: 34. 1935 (sinónimo: Pedersen, 1967: 451). Lectotypus (in hoc loco designatus): A RGENTINA. Provincia de Buenos Aires: “ Buenos Aires ”, s.f., Tweedie, J. s.n. (K). Syntypi: PARAGUAY. Presidente Hayes: “Flussufer des Paraguay, südl. von Villa occidental”, II.1879, Lorentz, P. G. 16 (B). ARGENTINA. Provincia de Formosa: “Terr. de Formosa ”, XI.1891, Niederlein, G. 311a (B). = Pfaffia luzuliflora var. elliptica O. Stützer in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 88: 36. 1935, syn. nov. Holotypus: PARAGUAY. Presidente Hayes: “El Chaco, Rio Pilcomayo, in nemoribus”, 4.IX.1893, Lindman, C. A. M. A2019 (S [S07-12569] [foto]!). = Pfaffia luzuliflora var. paniculata O. Stützer in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 88: 35. 1935 (sinónimo: Pedersen, 1967: 451). Lectotypus (in hoc loco designatus): ARGENTINA. Provincia de Jujuy: “In Gräben und an Wegrändern bei Ledesma, Nordargentinien”, X.1910, Herzog, T. K. J. 1004 (M). Isolectotypi: (G [G00400815]!, S [S07-12569] [foto]!). Syntypi: P ARAGUAY. Central: “L’Assomption, dans les buissons bordant le Rio-Paraguay”, 15.IV.1874, Balansa, B. 1959 (B, GOET; iso-: BM, BR, E, G [G00103884]!); “ Trinidad pr. Asuncion ”, 27.VIII.1916, Osten, C. 9091 (S; iso-: G [G00103890]!, MVM). BRASIL. Estado de Rio Grande do Sul: “Civ. Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, an Gräben zwischen Gebüschen, hinter Navegantes ”, s.f., Reineck, E. M. & J. Czermak 348 (B). = Pfaffia luzuliflora subsp. squarrosa O. Stützer in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 88: 37. 1935 (sinónimo: Borsch, 2008: 1039). ÷ Pfaffia glomerata var. squarrosa (O. Stützer) Pedersen in Darwiniana 14: 453. 1967. Lectotypus (in hoc loco designatus): PARAGUAY. Alto Paraguay: “ Alto-Paraguay, Chaco, 21° lat.”, 1906, Fiebrig, K. 1282 (G [G00103888] [Delessert]!). Isolectotypi: (B, G [G00103887]!, G [G00103889]!, K, Z). = Pfaffia luzuliflora f. virgata O. Stützer in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 88: 36. 1935 (sinónimo: Pedersen, 1967: 451). Lectotypus (in hoc loco designatus): PARAGUAY. Cordillera: “ Cordillera de Altos ”, XII.1902, Fiebrig, K. 623 (G [G00103886]!). Isolectotypus: (B [mat. original destruido?]). Syntypus: A RGENTINA. Provincia de Tucumán: “ Tucuman ”, I.1873, Hieronymus, G. H. E. & P. G. Lorentz 1120 (B [destruido?]; iso-: CORD [CORD00002579] [foto]!). P. stenophylla var. basilignosa: Chodat describe esta variedad utilizando las colecciones efectuadas por él en Trinidad, Tucangua y Lambaré; menciona además la colección Rojas 691 que no se encuentra en G (probablemente perdida). Elegimos como lectótipo el único espécimen entre las colecciones de Chodat, acompañado por un dibujo del autor que representa los “filets staminaux plus nettement quandrangulaires au sommet” (Chodat & Rehfous, 1927: 254). Pedersen determina este material como P. glomerata y formalizamos aquí la sinonimia. P. iresinoides var. angustifolia: Pedersen (1967: 452) examina el síntipo Tweedie s.n. (K) y determina que se trata de una P. glomerata típica. Sin embargo, no efectúa ninguna lectotipificación. Para una clara aplicación del presente nombre, designamos aquí como lectótipo el ejemplar visto por Pedersen. No hemos podido localizar en B los ejemplares Lorentz 16 y Niederlein 311a. P. luzuliflora var. elliptica : los caracteres utilizados por Stützer para distinguir esta variedad (tallo lignificado, largo de los entrenudos, forma de las hojas), próxima de P. luzuliflora var. paniculata O. Stützer colocada por Pedersen en P. glomerata, no son suficientes para mantener una entidad distinta. P. luzuliflora var. paniculata: Pedersen (1967: 453) examina el síntipo original Herzog 1004 (M) que considera a penas diferente de P. glomerata. No designa ningún lectótipo. Para una clara aplicación del presente nombre, designamos aquí como lectótipo el ejemplar visto por Pedersen. P. luzuliflora subsp. squarrosa : de acuerdo con la descripción original que no comporta ninguna indicación particular, existen especímenes del tipo Fiebrig 1282 en los herbarios B, G y K. Se tratan por lo tanto de síntipos. Designamos como lectótipo, el síntipo del herbario Delessert (G) que lleva un determinavit de la mano de Stützer, la autora. Borsch (2008: 1039) al efectuar la sinonimia utiliza erróneamente el rango varietal (“ Pfaffia luzulaeflora (Mart.) D. Dietr. var. squarrosa O. Stützer ”) en lugar del rango subespecífico. P. luzuliflora f. virgata : los dos síntipos se encuentran en B de acuerdo con la publicación original. Pedersen (1967: 453) examina el isosíntipo Fiebrig 623 (G) y lo determina como P. glomerata, sin designar ningún lectótipo. No hemos podido localizar en B el síntipo original, probablemente destruido. Elegimos como lectótipo, el isosíntipo de la colección Fiebrig 623 visto por Pedersen en G.Published as part of Ramella, Lorenzo, 2016, Nomenclatura, tipificaciones y sinónimos nuevos en la familia Amaranthaceae de la Flora del Paraguay, pp. 311-326 in Candollea 71 (2) on pages 320-321, DOI: 10.15553/c2016v712a16, http://zenodo.org/record/572180
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