478 research outputs found
Classification and Localization of Sea Animals in Brackish Waters with Diverse Visibility Using Deep Learning
No full textWith the increased occurrence of pollution in water bodies, there is a higher demand by the European Union for member countries to monitor their marine environments [1]. One of the reasons is that water contamination can be estimated by the behavioral change in animals living in the water body [2]. This creates a need for having a computer vision system that could monitor animals underwater. This system would highly depend on the underwater visibility that is influenced by several factors.This master thesis builds on previous work by Pedersen et al. [3] and experiments with their unique underwater Brackish dataset which is highly influenced by turbidity. The aim of this project is to explore the effects of turbidity on the underwater object detector.Firstly, the project uses real-time object detector YOLOv3 and manages to improve baseline results from the original paper by 9.2\% mAP. The result is verified by a newly introduced manually annotated dataset called the Brackish X dataset which can be used for evaluating the generality abilities of a trained model.Secondly, this project evaluates which turbidity features are best for estimating turbidity.Lastly, the best model is evaluated on the original test set divided into 3 subsets based on their estimated turbidity. The result of this experiment set a new course for a future experiment in a controlled environment
Education of the Author as Artist: Rilke's The Notebooks of Malte Laurids Brigge & Goethe's The Sorrows of Young Werther
No full textMalte and Werther serve as a twin study of the role of the Bildungsroman protagonist at pivotal shifting points in European intellectual thought. Both Rilke and Goethe are characterized by a longing for some kind of transcendence from ordinary experience, and locate that alternative in the dichotomy of art and love. In this essay I will explore how Werther undertakes his love for Lotte as if it were a product of art, while Malte commits himself to liberation from all forms of passionate love. Over a hundred years after the degeneration of and murder of Goethe's protagonist, Rilke will discover an alternative conception of love, one which aspires to a higher form of art, and allows him to evolve seamlessly from the last page of Malte's diary to the poet he will later become
L'influence d'un homme sur la géographie française : Conrad Malte-Brun (1775-1826)
No full textThis article looks at geography as it was practiced and preached by an author who wrote after the Revolution, at the time of Napoleon, and under the Restauration, Conrad Malte-Brun. He was a public figure of some considerable influence who had strongly held opinions which, in part, reflected the political, scientific and ideological preoccupations of his time. The focus here is on the internal logic of his thought. His ideas on the nature of geography were often contradictory and sometimes tendentious. They, nevertheless, bear study as they had a considerable influence, although arguably not a strictly positive one, on the future of the discipline and also because they echo the concerns of " literary " or descriptive geographers — including their most modern adherents, the postmodernists.Cet article examine la géographie pratiquée et propagée par Malte-Brun qui écrit après la Révolution et à l'époque de la Restauration. C'est un homme cultivé, opiniâtre, bien connu du public, et dont les jugements répondent surtout aux préoccupations politiques, scientifiques et idéologiques du temps. Je m'intéresse ici à la logique interne de sa pensée. Ses idées sur la nature de la géographie, souvent contradictoires et parfois tendancieuses, sont néanmoins importantes pour leur influence, pas toujours favorable, sur l'avenir de la discipline et parce qu'elles trouvent un écho chez les géographes littéraires, même contemporains.Godlewska Anne. L'influence d'un homme sur la géographie française : Conrad Malte-Brun (1775-1826) . In: Annales de Géographie, t. 100, n°558, 1991. pp. 190-206
Finding Degree-Constrained Acyclic Orientations
Full text linkWe consider the problem of orienting a given, undirected graph into a (directed) acyclic graph such that the in-degree of each vertex ν is in a prescribed list λ(ν). Variants of this problem have been studied for a long time and with various applications, but mostly without the requirement for acyclicity. Without this requirement, the problem is closely related to the classical General Factor problem, which is known to be NP-hard in general, but polynomial-time solvable if no list λ(ν) contains large "gaps" [Cornuejols, J. Comb. Theory B, 1988]. In contrast, we show that deciding if an acyclic orientation exists is NP-hard even in the absence of such "gaps". On the positive side, we design parameterized algorithms for various, natural parameterizations of the acyclic orientation problem. A special case of the orientation problem with degree constraints recently came up in the context of reconstructing evolutionary histories (that is, phylogenetic networks). This phylogenetic setting imposes additional structure onto the problem that can be exploited algorithmically, allowing us to show fixed-parameter tractability when parameterized by either the treewidth of G (a smaller parameter than the frequently employed "level"), by the number of vertices ν for which |λ(ν)| ≥ 2, by the number of vertices ν for which the highest value in λ(ν) is at least 2. While the latter result can be extended to the general degree-constraint acyclic orientation problem, we show that the former cannot unless FPT=W[1].Discrete Mathematics and Optimizatio
"La vision de l’Espagne de la première moitié du XIXe siècle dans la Géographie Universelle de Conrad Malte-Brun"
No full textInternational audienceGreat figure of French and European geography - from the first quarter of the 19th century, Conrad Malte-Brun leaves a considerable scientific written work, including a vast Universal Geography that then marked his time, reissued repeatedly for more than 50 years. Unlike Élisée Reclus, another great figure of the second half of the 19th century, Malte-Brun’s writings remain poorly known, if not underestimated. Now, through the common thread that represents the chapter of his Universal Geography devoted to Spain, we aim to show that its author was able to go beyond the simple descriptive dimension characterizing many geographical texts of his time to introduce a real explanatory dimension. Just for that, it deserves very largely, in our opinion, to be rediscovered...Gran figura de la geografía francesa - y europea - del primer cuarto del siglo XIX, Conrad Malte-Brun deja una obra científica escrita considerable, entre las cuales una vasta Géographie universelle que marcó entonces su época, reeditada en múltiples ocasiones durante más de 50 años. A diferencia de Élisée Reclus, otra gran figura de la segunda mitad del siglo XIX, los escritos de Malte-Brun siguen siendo poco conocidos, si no subestimados. Ahora bien, a través del hilo conductor que representa el capítulo de su Geografía universal dedicado a España, Nuestro objetivo es demostrar que su autor ha sabido superar la simple dimensión descriptiva que caracteriza a muchos textos geográficos de su época para introducir una verdadera dimensión explicativa. Solo por eso, merece ampliamente, en nuestra opinión, ser redescubierto...Grande figure de la géographie française – et européenne - du premier quart du XIXe siècle, Conrad Malte-Brun laisse une œuvre scientifique écrite considérable, dont une vaste Géographie universelle qui marqua alors son époque, rééditée à de multiples reprises durant plus de 50 ans. Contrairement à Élisée Reclus, autre grande figure de la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle, les écrits de Malte-Brun demeurent mal connus, sinon mésestimés. Or, à travers le fil conducteur que représente le chapitre de sa Géographie universelle consacré à l’Espagne, nous avons pour objectif de montrer que son auteur a su dépasser la simple dimension descriptive caractérisant nombre de textes géographiques de son époque pour introduire une réelle dimension explicative. Rien que pour ce, il mérite très largement, à notre sens, d’être redécouvert
Regression Based Multi-View Zebrafish Tracking
No full textZebrafish (Danio rerio) has become increasingly important in medical trials due to the neurobiological proximity between humans and zebrafish. Studies, where zebrafish are exposed to various medications and drugs and their behavior, are analyzed. In such trials, a precise and accurate description of the fish movement in the tank is needed. Tracking of zebrafish has become an active topic of research and is supported by computer vision to accommodate the need for movement trajectories.In this project, a system for automatic tracking for tracking multiple zebrafish is proposed, based on multi-object tracking state-of-the-art methods within pedestrian tracking. A framework exploiting the regression head of the object detector is used for generating 2D trajectories in two views, top and front, which are used to reconstruct and estimate a 3D position. A large amount of identity swaps is found to be harmful for the 3D triangulation module, return poor performance on the benchmark dataset. A method for detecting and minimizing identity swaps in a given sequence, based on sharing information between views in the sequence.Results show great potential for a method to detect identity swaps, where the current method for correcting the detected swaps is not supported by the obtained results. More work should be invested in finding an optimal solution for modifying the tracklets around the ID swap detections.Zebrafish (Danio rerio) has become increasingly important in medical trials due to the neurobiological proximity between humans and zebrafish. Studies, where zebrafish are exposed to various medications and drugs and their behavior, are analyzed. In such trials, a precise and accurate description of the fish movement in the tank is needed. Tracking of zebrafish has become an active topic of research and is supported by computer vision to accommodate the need for movement trajectories.In this project, a system for automatic tracking for tracking multiple zebrafish is proposed, based on multi-object tracking state-of-the-art methods within pedestrian tracking. A framework exploiting the regression head of the object detector is used for generating 2D trajectories in two views, top and front, which are used to reconstruct and estimate a 3D position. A large amount of identity swaps is found to be harmful for the 3D triangulation module, return poor performance on the benchmark dataset. A method for detecting and minimizing identity swaps in a given sequence, based on sharing information between views in the sequence.Results show great potential for a method to detect identity swaps, where the current method for correcting the detected swaps is not supported by the obtained results. More work should be invested in finding an optimal solution for modifying the tracklets around the ID swap detections
Zebrafish Occlusion Detection
No full textIn biomedical research zebrafish (Danio Rerio) serves as a model organism for humans e.g. to test behavioural reactions to various substances. To obtain data for this research the behaviour is observed by recording the motion trajectories of the zebrafish. With multiple zebrafish in an aquarium the tracking of motion of each individual can be complicated by the occurrence of occlusions. The aim of this thesis is to detect the zebrafish occlusions in order to potentially optimise zebrafish tracking. To detect zebrafish occlusions two solutions are proposed. The two solutions applicability depend on the level of user interaction necessary in a tracking system in order to correct the error caused by occlusions. The first solution is an image classifier, which is utilised to classify if an image contains an occlusion. The second solution is a Faster Region-based Convolutional Neural Network (R-CNN) based object detection, which is utilised to localise and categorise occlusions, based on six pre-defined categories, in the image. A novel categorisation of zebrafish occlusions is presented together with an implementation of a proof of concept multi-class object detection for detecting multiple zebrafish occlusions
The crucial role of mindsets in innovation efforts: opening the black box in the context of frugal innovation
No full textInnovation research has investigated the relevance of innovations for organizational competitiveness and the role of innovations for social as well as economic welfare. Accordingly, scholars and practitioners frequently emphasize the innovation processes that lead to desired innovative outcomes. Nevertheless, these innovation processes have to be carried out by motivated individuals. Increasingly, academic literature takes the mindsets of these actors into consideration. However, diverging conceptualizations limit our understanding of the term "mindset" and the role of individuals’ mindsets in organizational innovation efforts. This book aims at opening the “black box” of innovation as a mindset. Linking mindset theories from social psychology to the context of frugal innovation, the author provides rigorous conceptual work on mindsets in innovation. This conceptual research is supported by findings from two empirical studies. This book makes important contributions to theory and practice: to academic research by developing conceptual clarity on understanding innovation as a mindset and providing supportive empirical evidence, and to innovation practice by showing how a detailed understanding of individuals’ mindsets can inform evidence-based change interventions. About the author: Malte Krohn dedicates his professional career to democratizing innovation and entrepreneurship. In 2022 he was announced as a Faculty Innovation Fellow at Stanford University's d.school
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