1,720,964 research outputs found
Epidemiology and spatial analysis of cutaneous malanoma in the Marche Region 2010-2017. Preliminary study
No full textAnalisi dei bisogni formativi del personale sanitario in materia di igiene e prevenzione
No full textImpact of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare-associated infections and multidrug-resistant microorganisms in Italy: A systematic review
Full text linkBackground: The diffused and prolonged SARS-CoV-2 transmission lead to high levels of hospitalization. During this period, the focus of sanitary structures was to contain COVID-19 mortality and this may have reduced the application of health associated infection (HAI) and multidrug resistant microorganism (MDRO) prevention programs. Methods: A search was performed in PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases to identify clinical observational studies that reported the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the prevalence or incidence on HAIs and/or MDROs from December 2019 to August 2024 in Italy. Studies were included if they reported a comparison with pre-pandemic period and had a full-text available. Eligible studies were assessed for risk of bias and quality with NHI Quality Assessment Tool by two researchers independently. Data were represented in tables and a narrative synthesis was made in the text. Results: Selected studies included 4 studies reporting data on HAI (1497 total patients) and 11 studies reporting data on MDRO (80388 total patients). The majority of the studies reported an increase in HAI prevalence (9–11.1 % range) and MDRO, in particular, gram negative MDRO had an increase range of 0.8 %-45.6 % and gram positive MDRO an increase range of 0.5 %-81.8 % from pre- to post-COVID-19 period in the different studies considered Conclusion: These findings underscore the critical need for active surveillance in hospital wards, the implementation of antibiotic stewardship and prescribing programs to mitigate the impact of such crises on healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial resistance. Furthermore, permanent training of healthcare personnel is necessary
Algorithm development for identifying breast cancer incident cases and epidemiological updates: A cohort study based on multiple secondary sources
Full text linkPurpose: This study aimed to develop and validate an algorithm for identifying incident breast cancer (BC) cases using Healthcare Utilization Databases (HUDs) and to assess BC incidence trends in the Marche Region, Italy, from 2010 to 2021. Methods: This population-based longitudinal study included women aged ≥ 18 years residing in Marche. The HUDs Algorithm was developed to identify new BC cases using hospital discharge, outpatient, and beneficiary databases, and it was validated against the Cancer Registry by evaluating agreement, sensitivity, and positive predictive value (PPV). Age-standardized BC incidence rates were estimated. A Poisson regression model was used to assess trends, including comparisons between pre/post COVID-19 pandemic periods. Results: Validation results showed a sensitivity of 81.2 % and PPV of 85.0 %. A total of 18,158 incident BC cases were identified, with a mean incidence rate of 224.7 per 100,000 person-years (95 % CI: 221.5–228.0). No significant increase in BC incidence was observed over time, but a marked decline occurred in 2020–2021, likely due to COVID-19-related disruptions. Conclusions: HUDs can be a valuable complementary data source, providing additional information useful for timely epidemiological surveillance and supporting rapid public health responses in cases where Cancer Registry data are delayed. Further refinements and integration with other data could enhance the accuracy of the HUDs Algorithm
Differential impact of cervical cancer in immigrant women: a decade-long epidemiological study in the Marche Region, Italy
Full text linkBackground Cervical cancer is primarily caused by persistent human papilloma virus (HPV) infections, with significant disparities observed in its burden, especially affecting immigrant populations from high HPV prevalence regions. This study evaluates the incidence and severity of cervical cancer in immigrant women in the Marche region, Italy, from 2010 to 2019. Methods We employed a detailed analysis of population-based data from the Marche Cancer Registry using the age-standardised incidence rates (IRs) and Poisson regression models for in situ cervical cancer (ISCC) and infiltrating cervical cancer (ICC). Results The IRs for ICC and ISCC among immigrant women are alarmingly higher compared with their Italian counterparts; IR for ICC in immigrant women is 26.5 per 100 000 women-years, compared with 7.9 in Italian women. For ISCC, the IR is 55.1 for immigrants versus 29.2 for Italians. Immigrant women showed a median age at diagnosis for ICC of 49 years, almost a decade younger than Italian women, and they were more likely to have squamous cell histology, which is linked to high-risk HPV strains. Conclusions The study reveals a substantially higher incidence of both ISCC and ICC among immigrant women with ICC diagnosed 8 years previously. These findings underscore the pressing need for culturally and linguistically tailored public health interventions, including improved access to screening and vaccination for HPV, to address the elevated risk and earlier onset of cervical cancer in immigrant women in Italy. The study highlights the critical role of preventive measures in reducing health disparities and enhancing the efficacy of public health policies
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