196,440 research outputs found
Just and Reasonable Treatment: Racial Treatment in the Terms of Pauper Apprenticeship in Antebellum Maryland
No full textThis paper investigates the economics of pauper apprenticeship in antebellum Maryland and several results emerge. Contrary to some earlier interpretations, the system did not arbitrarily indent poor children. Court officials negotiated contracts that reflected an apprentice's productivity; officials did not offer one-size-fits-all contracts to minimize the costs of indenting indigent children. Black and white children received comparable compensation during the term of the indenture, but blacks were promised and received substantially less education than whites. It was in the provision of education that Maryland's system discriminated against blacks and undermined their ability to achieve long-run economic independence.
From "Pauper Lunatics" to "Rate-Aided Patients": Removing the Stigma of Mental Health Care? 1888-1938
No full textThough the debate surrounding the extent to which pessimism dominated in the late nine-teenth century asylum is extensive, the same debate in the twentieth century remains un-der-explored. Relatively few academics have offered a cross-century analysis that goes beyond the beginning of the First World War to analyse the twentieth century and none of these studies have explored how changes were implemented in the institutions in the West Riding of Yorkshire. This thesis attempts to redress this imbalance by offering an original analysis of a selection of developments and innovations that were carried out in the West Riding of Yorkshire between the years 1888-1938. Consideration is given to four specific innovations and an analysis is made of how successful these new develop-ments were with relation to the eradication of the stigmas of pauperism and certification. Innovations relating to how to segregate mentally deficient children and adults and ser-vice patients will be assessed, along with the establishment of outpatient departments and the local implementation of the 1930 Mental Treatment Act. By offering an analysis of these developments this thesis contributes to our understanding of how successful these social and legal changes were in the administration of mental health care throughout these years.
Primarily this thesis is concerned with an analysis of these different innovations and an observation of the impact that these attempts at change had on the patients. Wherever possible close attention is given to the voices of the patients and their families in order to assess their roles in accessing the services provided. This thesis argues that these innova-tions represent significant legal and social changes in the administration and admission of the mentally ill over the years covered. Despite this however, this thesis identifies that these changes were all beset with many inherent problems, usually linked to a lack of fi-nance and overcrowded institutions, which meant that they were all significantly limited in their capacity to change the system for all but a small minority of sufferers of mental illness and learning disability
Trychosis pauper
No full textTrychosis pauper (TSCHEK 1871) M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: 2. Station, 1225m, 23.V.2007, 13. G e n e r a l d i s t r i b u t i o n: Eastern Palaearctic, Europe, Western Palaearctic (YU & HORSTMANN 1997). D i s t r i b u t i o n i n T u r k e y: Isparta,Eğirdir (GÜRBÜZ & KOLAROV 2008).Published as part of M. F, Kirtay, H. & Birol, O., 2009, A study of Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera) of Kasnak Oak Forest Nature Reserve in Turkey with new records, pp. 1985-2003 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 41 (2) on page 1991, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.528027
Tetramorium pauper Forel 1907
No full textTetramorium pauper Forel, 1907 (Figure 22 (a–c)) Tetramorium pauper Forel, 1907:14 (w.) Kenya. Afrotropical. Diagnosis Worker. Anterior clypeal margin lacking a median notch; frontal carinae very short, ending just behind frontal lobes; antennal scrobes absent; eyes distinctly small with four ommatidia in the longest row; propodeum armed with reduced acute tubercles; cephalic dorsum superficially sculptured; body pilosity short, stout and blunt. Colour uniform yellowish brown or pale brown. Material examined Yemen, Socotra Island, Dixam (W. Zereg), 24 April 2014, 279 m, (M. R. Sharaf leg.), 12.46868°N, 54.01091°E (3 w, KSMA); Yemen, Socotra Island, Dixam, 24 April 2014, 656 m, (M. R. Sharaf leg.), 12.49320°N, 53.99145°E (3 w, KSMA); Yemen, Socotra Island, Himihil Protectorate, 23 April 2014, 355 m, (M. R. Sharaf leg.), 12.58954°N, 54.30570°E (1 w, KSMA); Yemen, Socotra Island, Haydibo, Erheno, 19 April 2014, 33 m, (M. R. Sharaf leg.), 12.65023°N, 54.04016°E (20 w, KSMA). Geographic range A species originally described from Kenya and recorded for the first time from Socotra Island. Ecological and biological notes Tetramorium pauper was found nesting inside a small decayed twig. The soil was moist due to irrigation of the date palm orchard. Several workers were nesting under a rock. A nest series was collected from a dry leaf litter next to a date palm tree using a sifting tray.Published as part of Sharaf, Mostafa R., Fisher, Brian L., Collingwood, Cedric A. & Aldawood, Abdulrahman S., 2017, Ant fauna (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of the Socotra Archipelago (Yemen): zoogeography, distribution and description of a new species, pp. 317-378 in Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) (J. Nat. Hist.) 51 (5 - 6) on pages 357-359, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2016.1271157, http://zenodo.org/record/518429
Aderpas pauper FAHRAEUS 1872
No full textAderpas pauper FAHRAEUS 1872 M a t e r i a l:2 Arba Minch, 1300-1500 m, 24.V.-4.VI.1999 und 16.IV.-3.V.2001, R. Beck leg. – 2 Ex. 26 km N Dubuluk, 1530 m, 04°36´09´´N / 38°14´10´´E, 18.IV.2007, Lichtanflug, M. François leg. V: Äthiopien, Somalia, Kenya, Tanzania, Malawi, Mocambique, Zimbabwe, RSA (ADLBAUER 2000a).Published as part of Adlbauer, K., Ayalew, Amare, Beck, R. & Drumont, A., 2008, Cerambyciden aus Äthiopien (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae), pp. 1153-1191 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 40 (2) on page 1175, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.543060
Hylesia (Hylesia) pauper Dyar 1913
No full textHylesia (Hylesia) pauper Dyar, 1913. Hylesia pauper Dyar, 1913: 124, 131, no. 23. Hylesia (Hylesia) pauper – Brechlin et al. 2016: 58. DÉTERMINATION. — Morphologique. Données moléculaires d’exemplaires guyanais non disponibles. LOCALITÉ TYPE. — Pérou [Puno]: Carabaya (Dyar 1913). RÉPARTITION GÉOGRAPHIQUE. — Guyano-amazonienne (Lemaire 2002). DISTRIBUTION EN GUYANE. — Connu des trois zones biogéographiques. HABITAT EN GUYANE. — Forêt primaire. MATÉRIEL DU MITARAKA EXAMINÉ. — Guyane • 3 ♂; Maripasoula, Mitaraka, Crique Alama (DZ); alt. 310 m; 2°14’1.9”N, 54°27’38.1”W; La Planète revisitée, MNHN / PNI Guyane; APA-973-1; 23.II-26. III.2015; E. Poirier leg.; MNHN • 2 ♂; mêmes données que précédent; Coll. FB • 1 ♂; Maripasoula, Mitaraka, Crique Alama (DZ); alt. 310 m; 2°14’1.9”N, 54°27’38.1”W; La Planète revisitée, MNHN / PNI Guyane; autorisation APA-973-2; 11-21.VIII.2015; FB leg.; Coll. FB.Published as part of Bénéluz, Frédéric, 2021, Liste commentée des Saturniidae (Lepidoptera, Bombycoidea) de Guyane, avec la liste des taxons récoltés au Mitaraka (extrême sud-ouest guyanais), pp. 759-809 in Zoosystema 43 (31) on page 777, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2021v43a31, http://zenodo.org/record/579681
Trychosis pauper
No full text<i>Trychosis pauper</i> (TSCHEK 1871) <p>M a t e r i a l: Strandja Mt., Vitanovo, 27.07.2000, 1; Eastern Rhodopes, Madjarovo, 200 m, 3.06.2000, 1; Vitosha Mt., Ribni dol, 1240 m, 30.05.1998, 1.</p> <p>D i s t r i b u t i o n: Europe and Turkey.</p>Published as part of <i>Kolarov, J. & Bordera, S., 2007, Fauna and distribution of Bulgarian Cryptini (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Cryptinae), pp. 431-440 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 39 (1)</i> on page 439, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/5409389">10.5281/zenodo.5409389</a>
Cladodes pauper Olivier 1899
No full textC. pauper Olivier, 1899 (Figure 3 C) Differential diagnosis. Small overall size (body length ~ 1 cm); overall black, with two longitudinal pale yellow lines over the elytra; antennal lamellae increasing up to antennal midlength, then decreasing; lamellae of antennomere VII longer than half antennal length; clypeus connected to frons by membrane; pygidium posterior corners rudimentary, rounded.Published as part of Silveira, Luiz F L, Khattar, Gabriel, Vaz, Stephanie, Wilson, Vinicius A., Souto, Paula M., Mermudes, José R. M., Stanger-Hall, Kathrin F., Macedo, Margarete V. & Monteiro, Ricardo F., 2020, Natural history of the fireflies of the Serra dos Órgãos mountain range (Brazil: Rio de Janeiro) - one of the ' hottest' firefly spots on Earth, with a key to genera (Coleoptera: Lampyridae), pp. 275-308 in Journal of Natural History 54 (5 - 6) on page 291, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2020.1749323, http://zenodo.org/record/502106
Protandrena (Heterosarus) pauper
No full text<i>Protandrena</i> (<i>Heterosarus</i>) <i>pauper</i> (Cresson, 1878) <p>Counties: Otter Tail, Ramsey, Sherburne, Washington.</p>Published as part of <i>Portman, Zachary M., Gardner, Joel, Lane, Ian G., Gerjets, Nicole, Petersen, Jessica D., Ascher, John S., Arduser, Mike, Evans, Elaine C., Boyd, Crystal, Thomson, Robin & Cariveau, Daniel P., 2023, A checklist of the bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) of Minnesota, pp. 1-95 in Zootaxa 5304 (1)</i> on page 27, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5304.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/8048569">http://zenodo.org/record/8048569</a>
Tropidozineus pauper
No full text43. Tropidozineus pauper (Melzer, 1931) Distribution: Brazil (São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul), Paraguay, Argentina (Misiones). Material examined: BRAZIL, Paraná, Céu Azul, 700 m a.s.l., 25 o 04’09”S, 53°39’35”W. Understory, Light trap (Luiz de Queiroz), 1 male, 14.X.2015, R.C. Barros, V.E. Vendramini & J.P.B. Pine leg. (MZUEL).Published as part of De Barros, Rafael C., Da Fonseca, Mailson G., Vendramini, Vinicius E. & De Arvarenga Julio, Carlos E., 2019, Species of Lamiinae (Insecta, Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) from east Paraná State (Brazil), with new geographic records, pp. 179-204 in Zootaxa 4545 (2) on page 186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4545.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/261877
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