538 research outputs found
sj-docx-1-jop-10.1177_02698811211058967 – Supplemental material for A phase 1 study to assess potential interaction between ASP8062 and alcohol in healthy adult subjects
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-jop-10.1177_02698811211058967 for A phase 1 study to assess potential interaction between ASP8062 and alcohol in healthy adult subjects by Mototsugu Ito, Anna Spence, Mary Beth Blauwet, Nakyo Heo, Ronald Goldwater, Paul Maruff and Gerard J Marek in Journal of Psychopharmacology</p
MSJ813287_supplementary_figure – Supplemental material for Necessity of technicians for computerized neuropsychological assessment devices in multiple sclerosis
No full textSupplemental material, MSJ813287_supplementary_figure for Necessity of technicians for computerized neuropsychological assessment devices in multiple sclerosis by Curtis M Wojcik, Stephen M Rao, Adrian J Schembri, Allison S Drake, Paul Maruff, David Schindler, Jay Alberts, Faizan Yasin, Jeta Pol, Bianca Weinstock-Guttman and Ralph HB Benedict in Multiple Sclerosis Journal</p
Acoustic analysis of the effects of sustained wakefulness on speech
No full textExposing healthy adults to extended periods of wakefulness is known to induce changes in psychomotor functioning [Maruff et al. (2005). J. Sleep Res. 14, 21-27]. The effect of fatigue on speech is less well understood. To date, no studies have examined the pitch and timing of neurologically healthy individuals over 24 h of sustained wakefulness. Therefore, speech samples were systematically acquired (e.g., every 4 h) from 18 healthy adults over 24 h. Stimuli included automated and extemporaneous speech tasks, sustained vowel, and a read passage. Measures of timing, frequency and spectral energy were derived acoustically using PRAAT and significant changes were observed on all tasks. The effect of fatigue on speech was found to be strongest just before dawn (after 22 h). Specifically, total speech time, mean pause length, and total signal time all increased as a function of increasing levels of fatigue on the reading tasks; percentage pause and mean pause length decreased on the counting task; F4 variation decreased on the sustained vowel tasks /a:/; and alpha ratio increased on the extemporaneous speech tasks. These findings suggest that acoustic methodologies provide objective data on central nervous system functioning and that changes in speech production occur in healthy adults after just 24 h of sustained wakefulness
Use of Cognition to Guide Decisions About the Safety and Efficacy of Drugs in Early-Phase Clinical Trials
No full textPreexisting cognitive impairment is associated with postoperative cognitive dysfunction after hip joint replacement surgery
No full textBackground: This study investigated the prevalence of cognitive impairment in elderly noncardiac surgery patients and any association between preoperative cognitive impairment and postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). Additionally, the incidence of cognitive decline at 12 months after surgery was identified. Methods: Three hundred patients for hip joint replacement and 51 nonsurgical controls aged 60 yr or older were studied in a prospective observational clinical trial. All study participants and controls completed a battery of eight neuropsychological tests before surgery and at 7 days, 3 months, and 12 months afterwards. Preoperative cognitive status was assessed using preexisting cognitive impairment (PreCI) defined as a decline of at least 2 SD on two or more of seven neuropsychological tests compared to population norms. POCD and cognitive decline were assessed using the reliable change index utilizing the results of the control group. Results: PreCI was classified in 96 of 300 (32%) patients (95% CI, 23 to 43%). After surgery, 49 of 286 (17%) patients (95% CI, 13 to 22%) and 27 of 284 (10%) patients (95% CI, 6 to 13%) demonstrated POCD at 7 days and 3 months, respectively, while 7 of 271 (3%) patients (95% CI, 1 to 4%) demonstrated cognitive decline at 12 months. Patients with PreCI had a significantly increased incidence of POCD at 7 days and 3 months and cognitive decline at 12 months. Conclusions: Patients with PreCI have an increased incidence of POCD and cognitive decline. PreCI is a good predictor of subsequent POCD and cognitive decline. The incidence of cognitive decline after 12 months in this group of patients is low.Brendan Silbert, Lisbeth Evered, David A. Scott, Stephen McMahon, Peter Choong, David Ames, Paul Maruff, Konrad Jamrozi
O1‐10‐01: EFFECTS OF BDNF VAL66MET ON MEMORY DECLINE AND CSF BIOMARKERS IN PRECLINICAL, PRODROMAL AND CLINICAL ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE
No full textThe cognitive neuropsychiatric approach to investigating the neurobiology of schizophrenia and other disorders
No full textSuperAging: Current findings yield future challenges—A response to Rogalski and Goldberg
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