162 research outputs found
Waist–thigh Ratio: A Surrogate marker for Type 2 diabetes mellitus in Asian North Indian patients
No full textIntroduction: Diabetes is a major world-wide healthcare problem. Cost effective markers for screening and diagnosis of T2DM are the need of the day especially in developing and under-developed countries. Simple anthropometric measurements may help us in identifying individuals likely to have diabetes. Material and Methods: Data from 1055 North-Indian subjects was analysed. Results: Out of several anthropometric measurements studied, Waist-Thigh ratio (WTR) correlated significantly and positively with all three measures of diabetes i.e. FPG, RPG and PPG. (P < .0001) suggesting that it is the best predictor of diabetes. Subjects with diabetes had greater WTR (mean 2.088) than those without (mean1.842). (P < .0001). A thresh-hold effect was evident at a cut-off WTR of 2.3. Out of those subjects who were diagnosed to have diabetes by AACE/AHA guidelines, 82% had WTR greater than this value (P < 0.001). Conclusion: WTR may prove to be a simple and inexpensive marker for detecting Type 2 diabetes. Larger studies are required to develop population norms
Using Customer Relationship Trajectories to Segment Customers and Predict Profitability
Get PDFA central premise of relationship marketing theory is that economic benefits flow fromretaining customers. However, the early research focus on the duration of the relationship may obscure other important aspects of the interactions with the customer that drive profitability. Borrowing from the branding literature, where different types of customer relationships have been described (but not empirically examined), we study the patterns of business customers’ buying behavior, or trajectories that characterize customer-firm relationships over time, and their impact on profitability. We develop a finite mixture model relating customer relationship trajectories to profitability over a three year period. Our analysis yields five segments, or types of customer-firm relationships, for this dataset. We find key determinants of profitability vary across types of customer relationship. Interestingly, in none of these segments does duration predict profitability.marketing ;
What macroeconomic policies are"sound?"
Get PDFMost people agree that the soundness of macroeconomic policies should be judged by their efficacy in meeting the objectives of steady growth, full employment, stable prices, and a viable external payments situation. What people debate about are the links between macroeconomics and economic structure--and in the current environment, the openness to foreign capital flows. As developing countries become more integrated into international financial markets, volatility may become an increasing fact of life. Faced with such volatility, how should these countries frame their macroeconomic policies? What broad principles should guide their macroeconomic management? In many developing countries, the openness of the capital account has been significant. Many countries have made the transition toward an open-economic paradigm. As a result, fluctuations in international capital and currency markets, as well as shifts in foreign investors'attitudes and confidence, have greatly affected local stock market prices, the level of foreign exchange reserves, and the scope for monetary and interest rate policy. Capital controls and foreign exchange restrictions have been significantly dismantled in a number of developing and transition economies. In 1970, only 34 countries--or 30 percent of the International Monetary Fund's membership-had assumed Article VIII of the IMF Articles of Agreement, declaring their currency convertible on current account transactions. By 1997, this figure had increased to 77 percent. Does financial integration make it more difficult to achieve macroeconomic stability? Apparently not, on the whole, although at times large short-term capital flows can lead to misaligned asset prices, including exchange rates. What financial integration does do is limit how far countries can pursue policies incompatible with medium-term financial stability. The disciplining effect of global financial and product markets applies not only to policymakers-through pressures on financial markets-but also to the private sector. Rather than constrain the pursuit of appropriate policies, globalization may add leverage and flexibility to such policies, easing financing constraints and extending the time during which countries can make adjustments. But markets will provide this leeway only if they perceive that countries are undertaking adjustments that address fundamental choices.Economic Theory&Research,Fiscal&Monetary Policy,Payment Systems&Infrastructure,Banks&Banking Reform,Environmental Economics&Policies,Banks&Banking Reform,Environmental Economics&Policies,Financial Intermediation,Economic Theory&Research,Macroeconomic Management
Analysis of Franck-Condon factors for CO+ molecule using the Fourier Grid Hamiltonian method
No full textChemical analysis of trace metal contamination in the air of industrial area of Gajraula (U.P), India
No full textIndustrial air pollution has emerged as a speeding problem in recent years because of its detrimental effects on human health. The present study was conducted in Gajraula industrial area of India, highly affected by ambient air pollution. Samples of PM10 were collected from three different sites (Raunaq Automotives, Indra Chowk and Town Basti) during 2017–2018. Maximum concentration of PM10 was observed during winter and the minimum during monsoon season. Heavy metals such as Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn, Cr, Fe, Al and Ni were analysed by ICP-MS. This study concluded that Indra Chowk is affected by high particulate pollution, while its level at Raunaq Automotives was moderate. Town Basti was being considered as less polluted area. Toxic metals are emitted into the atmosphere mainly due to industrial, commercial and agricultural activities. Most of the industrial emissions from Indra Chowk was because of lots of industries in the vicinity and it has been observed that public from this area is suffering from respiratory disorders and other health problems due to exposure of air pollution. © 2019 The Author(s)Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, MoEFCC King Khalid University, KKU: RCAMS/KKU/011/19The author’s gratefully acknowledge the financial help provided by UPPCB/CPCB, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change New Delhi . The authors would like to thank to UPPCB (Uttar Pradesh Pollution Control Board) and also acknowledge the support of the King Khalid University through a grant RCAMS/KKU/011/19 under Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS) at King Khalid University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The authors also thankful to Dr. Shivlalsingh (AGSS Laboratory New Delhi), Dr. R.B. Singh (Cardiologist), Charu Gangwar (Project Assistant), Ajay Kumar (Project Assistant), Priyanka Singh (Project Assistant), Mahesh Kumar (Field Assistant), Digvijay Saxena and Sumit Verma (Computer Assistant) for their valuable support and providing sampling facilities at different locations
Experimental Investigation of Vibration Analysis of Multi-Crack Rotor Shaft
No full textAbstractIn recent years, the dynamic behaviour and diagnostic of cracked rotor have been gained momentum. In literature, several studies are available for cracked rotor systems, however very few authors have addressed the issue of multi-cracked rotor system. This paper deals with the nonlinear dynamic behaviour of multi cracked rotor system, which is analyzed experimentally and analytically with the considerations of the effects of the crack depth, crack location and the shaft's rotational speed. A new extension of Lagrangian method is used for analyzing the dynamic behaviour of a multi-cracked rotor system through Umbra Lagrangian formalism. The effects of crack depth on the shaft's stiffness and natural frequencies are analyzed experimentally. Natural frequencies have been obtained through vibration analyzer using impact hammer test under static conditions. This analysis also includes the dynamic response of rotor with breathing crack by using data acquisition system called OROS. It has been noticed that the stress concentration on the first crack has increased due to the presence of the second crack. Another interesting phenomenon is the influence of one crack over the other crack for mode shapes and for threshold speed limits. All such analysis has been carried out on experimental test rig consist of a symmetrical system, which has mild steel shaft between a pair of identical self-aligned double groove high speed bearings. The experimental results can be further validated with the analytical results
Zinc polysulfides as precursors to zinc sulfide and as group transfer reagents
No full textIn the first part of the thesis, reactions of zinc powder with solutions of elemental sulfur in various donor solvents are described. Complexes of the type \rm ZnS\sb6(N-donor)\sb2 are obtained for the ligands tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA), N-methylimidazole (MeIm), and 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)pyridine (DMAP). Ligand competition studies on pyridine solutions revealed that the relative stability constants parallels the basicity of the ligands. Crystallographic analysis shows that \rm ZnS\sb6(TMEDA) adopts a tetrahedral geometry with a seven-membered \rm ZnS\sb6 ring. Solutions of \rm ZnS\sb6(TMEDA) undergo ligand exchange with other ligands L to afford \rm ZnS\sb6L\sb2 (L = MeIm, quinuclidine). The pyridine analog, \rm ZnS\sb6py\sb2 also undergoes ligand substitution with TEEDA -tetraethylethylenediamine) and ()-sparteine to afford \rm ZnS\sb6(TEEDA) and \rm ZnS\sb6\{(-)-sparteine these complexes can not be prepared by the reaction of sulfur and zinc dust in TEEDA or ()-sparteine. Optical and reactivity studies showed that MeIm, but not pyridine, displaces the polysulfide from \rm ZnS\sb6(MeIm)\sb2 as indicated by the appearance of the chromophore \rm S\sb3\sp-. ZnS\sb6(TMEDA) reacts with the electrophilic acetylenes methylpropiolate and dimethylacetylenedicarboxylate (DMAD) to give the dithiolene complexes \rm ZnS\sb2C\sb2R(CO\sb2Me)(TMEDA), where R = \rm CO\sb2Me, H.The second portion of thesis studies the conversion of \rm ZnS\sb6(N-donor)\sb2 complexes into ZnS and related materials. Solid \rm ZnS\sb6(TMEDA) cleanly decomposes at 350\sp\circC to cubic ZnS, as indicated by TGA and preparative scale studies. Submicron cubic ZnS is generated upon partial desulfurization of \rm ZnS\sb6(TMEDA) with tertiary phosphines as established by electron microscopic studies. The reaction of \rm ZnS\sb6(MeIm)\sb2 with 5 equiv of zinc dust affords nanosize insoluble material \rm ZnS(MeIm)\sb{1\sim x}\ (x\approx 0{-}0.3). This unusual species, unlike cubic ZnS, is very reactive towards MeIm solutions of sulfur and affords \rm ZnS\sb6(MeIm)\sb2. The TGA, XPS, CL, and SS MAS \sp{13}C NMR spectroscopic measurements suggest a strong Zn-MeIm interaction in \rm ZnS(MeIm)\sb{1\sim x}. This species also reacts with \rm Cu\sb4S\sb{10}(MeIm)\sb4 to afford \rm\lbrack Zn(MeIm)\sb6\rbrack\lbrack Cu\sb4S\sb{12}\rbrack.In the final Chapter, the species \rm ZnS\sb6(TMEDA) has been developed as a potent polysulfido-transfer reagent. The reaction of this zinc reagent with \rm Cp\sb2TiCl\sb2 gives \rm Cp\sb2TiS\sb5. When a \rm CS\sb2 slurry of \rm ZnS\sb6(TMEDA) is treated with \rm Se\sb2Cl\sb2, chalcogenospecific formation of 1,2-\rm Se\sb2S\sb6 is observed, as confirmed by reverse phase HPLC, Raman, and \sp{77}Se NMR spectroscopic measurements. A \rm CS\sb2 solution of 1,2-\rm Se\sb2S\sb6 is mildly reactive towards UV-photolysis, rearranging to its 1,3-, 1,4-, 1,5-, and other isomers over the course of several hours. The reaction of \rm CH\sb2Cl\sb2 solutions of \rm ZnS\sb6(TMEDA) with \rm TiCl\sb4 affords a brown solid \rm TiS\sb{x}. Extraction of \rm TiS\sb{x} with MeIm, affords an air-sensitive molecular complex \rm Ti(S\sb2)\sb2(MeIm)\sb3. The crystal structure reveals a pseudo trigonal-bipyramidal geometry around Ti, with the two MeIm ligands bound axially. The oxidation of \rm TiS\sb4(MeIm)\sb3 generates a dinuclear -oxo species \rm\lbrack Ti\sb2(S\sb2)\sb2(\mu-\rm S\sb2)(\mu-O)\rm (MeIm)\sb4\rbrack , as confirmed by single crystal X-ray crystallography.Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T12:30:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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