92 research outputs found
Firm as a Nonmarket Actor in Regulatory and Governance Setups:Perspectives on Risk and Capabilities in the Changing Mining Industry
No full textThe author has not given permission for Aaltodoc -publishing.In this thesis, I deal with nonmarket risk referring to those issues which are anything that do not fall under the purview of market economics - demand, supply, and pricing. In particular, I tackle social, environmental, and political issues. My take on things is from the perspective of mining firms and how by managing their nonmarket environment well, they can build capabilities that are hard to replicate and can generate competitive advantage for firms in the long run. Further narrowing down the scope of investigation lead me to two setups – regulatory and governance environments of the firm. This was done so as to sharpen the investigation on nonmarket risk and bring in the systemic notion. Nonetheless, although the thesis focusses on the nonmarket environment, it considers market driven parameters as part of the contextual setting primarily because market forces are the reasons why firms are in business in the first place. Against this backdrop, the overarching research question is "How do mining firms tackle - regulate and govern - nonmarket risk?" And in relation to this, I launch an investigation, both from the perspective of a firm's internal risk capabilities as well as from the standpoint of its activities in the external stakeholder environment.Essay 1 throws light on the evolving efforts at risk management, both from an academic literature standpoint as well as from an industry guidelines perspective and finds the gap that extreme event risks are not well accounted for and that existing market-based risk techniques have to be broadened and expanded to solve nonmarket risk problems. Extreme events are of special value to understand gaps in risk science because they push the limits of fundamental research.
Taking this forward are the other two essays - Essay 2 and 3, where the empirics examine extreme events thereby throwing light on the business continuity of a firm. Essay 2 argues for embeddedness of self-regulation within the regulatory state and firm's subsequent role of subsidiarity wherein the firm follows the broad level mandatory public regulations yet undertakes voluntary standards which are under the light surveillance of the state. I empirically situate the activities of juniors (smaller mining firms who are usually involved in exploration) and established players (big miners), in the regulatory permitting environment of Sweden and Finland. Essay 3 focusses on mining trusts, funds, and foundations (FTF), and capabilities developed by a firm in setting up these FTFs immediately following a disaster and then governing/overseeing their medium-long term administration. Firm involvement in design and influence of risk governance administrations highlights the prominence of nonmarket strategies.
To sum it up, all the three essays look into systemizing nonmarket risk management activities
Syntheses, structures and efficient catalysis for C-C coupling of some benzaldehyde thiosemicarbazone complexes of palladium
No full textCereal Based Spirulina Nutribar Development and Analysis of Phycocyanin in respect of Temperature and Light Intensity in Spirulina
No full textThis Dissertation / Report is the outcome of investigation carried out by the creator(s) / author(s) at the department/division of Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysore mentioned below in this page
Tris(quinolin-8-olato)ruthenium(III) complex : Synthesis, isomerization and, spectral and electrochemical properties
No full textDepartment of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Section, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700 032, India
E-mail : samaresh _ b@ hotmail. com
Manuscript received online 09 March 2012, accepted 19 March 2012
Reaction of a four-fold excess of quinolin-8-ol (HQ) with [Ru(trpy)Cl3] (trpy = 2,2' ,2" -terpyridine) in refluxing aqueous-ethanol in the presence of NEt3 affords the facial isomer of tris(quinolin-8-olato)ruthenium(lll) complex, viz. fac-[Ru(Q)3], in which the quinolinolate ligands are coordinated to the metal center as a mono-anionic bidentate N,O-donors. Structure of the fac-[Ru(Q)3] complex has been determined by X-ray crystallography. This facial isomer of [Ru(Q)3] complex can be quantitatively converted into the thermodynamically more stable meridional isomer by refluxing in ortho-xylene. The fac-[Ru(Q)3] complex is one-electron paramagnetic, and shows rhombic ESR spectrum at 77 K. It also shows a weak absorption in the near-infrared region and, intense absorptions in the visible and ultraviolet regions. Cyclic voltammetry on the fac-[Ru(Q)3] complex shows an irreversible oxidation at 1.11 V vs SCE and an irreversible reduction at -0.25 V vs SCE. DFT calculations have been carried out to explain the electronic spectral, as well as electrochemical observations
Generation of ruthenium(IV)-oxo species and their utilization in oxidation of different substrates
No full textDepartment of Chemistry and Environment,
Heritage Institute of Technology, Kolkata-700 107, India
Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Section,
Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700 032, India
E-mail: samareshb. chemistry@j adavpuruni versity. in
Ruthenium(Iv)-oxo species constitute a family of complexes that are known particularly for their oxidizing ability. Synthesis of molecular complexes having a RuIV = O moiety is relatively easy and straight forward, and is usually achieved via a two-electron two-proton transfer reaction of a RuII -OH2 precursor. The ruthenium(IV)-oxo species are generated in situ, and also in isolable form. They are heavily utilized for stoichiometric as well as catalytic oxidation of a wide variety of substrates. A brief account on the synthesis of ruthenium(IV)-oxo complexes and their utilization in oxidation of selected substrates is presented in this review
Organometallic complexes of the platinum metals: Synthesis, structure, and catalytic applications
No full textReaction of a group of N-(aryl)picolinamides (pic-R) with [Ru(PPh3)2(CO)2Cl2] in refluxing 2-methoxyethanol in the presence of a base affords hydrido complexes of two types (1-R and 2-R), which are geometric isomers. Similar reaction with N-(naphthyl)picolinamide (pic-nap) yields an organoruthenium complex (3) via formation of a hydrido intermediate. Reaction of 2-(arylazo)phenols (ap-R) with [Ir(PPh3)3Cl] in refluxing ethanol affords a mono-hydrido intermediate (4-R), a di-hydrido intermediate (5-R) and an organoiridium complex (6-R) as the final product, where the azo-ligand is coordinated as CNO-donor. Reaction of ap-R ligands with [Rh(PPh3)3Cl] yields organorhodium complexes (7-R) analogous to 6-R, but without any hydrido intermediate. N-(2′-hydroxyphenyl)benzaldimines (hpbz-R) react with [Rh(PPh3)3Cl] to yield a group of organorhodium complexes (8-R), where the hpbz-R ligands are coordinated in CNO-fashion. Upon interaction with [Ir(PPh3)3Cl] 2-(2′,6′-dimethylphenylazo)-4-methylphenol (dmap) undergoes a methyl C–H activation and affords organoiridium complex 9, while 2-(2′-methylphenylazo)-4-methylphenol (mmap) undergoes a phenyl C–H activation and gives organoiridium complex 10. Reaction of benzaldehyde thiosemicarbazones (bztsc-R) with [Pd(PPh3)2Cl2], carried out with the expectation of inducing CNS-mode of coordination, actually has yielded complexes (11-R) where the bztsc-R is coordinated in an uncommon NS-mode forming a five-membered chelate ring associated with a restricted rotation around the imine (C=N) bond. These palladium complexes are found to catalyse C–C cross coupling reactions very efficiently. Crystal structures of selected complexes of each type have been determined by X-ray crystallography
Palladium complexes of pyrrole-2-aldehyde thiosemicarbazone: Synthesis, structure and spectral properties
No full textReaction of pyrrole-2-aldehyde thiosemicarbazone (abbreviated as H 2 L, where H2 stands for the two potentially dissociable protons) with [Pd(PPh3)2Cl2] in ethanol in the presence of NEt3 afforded two complexes, [Pd(PPh3)(HLNS)Cl] and [Pd(PPh3)(LNNS)], where the thiosemicarbazone ligand is coordinated to the metal centre respectively as monoanionic N,S-donor (depicted by HLNS) and dianionic N,N,S-donor (depicted by LNNS). Similar reaction with Na2[PdCl4] afforded a bis-complex, [Pd(HLNS)2]. Crystal structures of all the three complexes have been determined. With reference to the structure of the uncoordinated thiosemicarbazone (H 2 L), the N,S-coordination mode observed in [Pd(PPh3)(HLNS)Cl] and [Pd(HLNS)2] is associated with a geometrical change around the imine bond. While the N,N,S-mode of binding observed in [Pd(PPh3)(LNNS)] takes place without any such geometrical change. All three complexes display intense absorptions in the visible and ultraviolet regions, which have been analyzed by TDDFT method
ChemInform Abstract: Organometallic Complexes of the Platinum Metals: Synthesis, Structure, and Catalytic Applications
No full textElectrical transport properties of nanoplates shaped tungsten oxide embedded poly(vinyl-alcohol) film
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