10,757 research outputs found
IP-for-IP or Cash-for-IP? R&D Competition and the Market for Technology
No full textThis paper argues that firms use 'IP-for-IP' policies such as cross-licensing to strategically restrict transactions in the market for technology. The commitment to limit trade to reciprocal exchange (barter instead of cash transactions) enables firms to alter the allocation of R&D and soften R&D competition. In particular, it induces firms to focus R&D on their area of expertise. The costs of IP-for-IP are foregone gains from trade. Our analysis of the trade-offs involved shows that IP-for-IP is profitable in industries where firms differ in their capabilities to commercialize IP. Patent complementarities and firm asymmetries further strengthen the optimality of IP-for-IP
Efficient Learning of Communication Profiles from IP Flow Records
No full textThe task of network traffic monitoring has evolved drastically with the ever-increasing amount of data flowing in large scale networks. The automated analysis of this tremendous source of information often comes with using simpler models on aggregated data (e.g. IP flow records) due to time and space constraints. A step towards utilizing IP flow records more effectively are stream learning techniques. We propose a method to collect a limited yet relevant amount of data in order to learn a class of complex models, finite state machines, in real-time. These machines are used as communication profiles to fingerprint, identify or classify hosts and services and offer high detection rates while requiring less training data and thus being faster to compute than simple models.Accepted author manuscriptCyber Securit
IP-based NGNs and Interconnection: The Debate in Europe
No full textHistorically, interconnection in the world of the Internet has been approached significantly differently from interconnection in the fixed Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) and the mobile Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN). As fixed and mobile networks evolve to Next Generation Networks (NGNs) based on the Internet Protocol (IP), it becomes increasingly necessary to merge these perspectives in order to achieve a unified and integrated approach to network interconnection. There is a rich history of economic analysis of IP-based and of conventional switched networks that began to converge early in this decade. In 2008, this issue is coming to a boil, as regulators seek to provide regulatory certainty for the build-out of NGNs, even in the face of substantial uncertainties, and even though practical experience with NGNs is still in a very preliminary state. What can we learn from the historical evolution of the theory of interconnection for Internet, NGN, PSTN and PLMN? What issues are "in play" today? What is the appropriate destination in the long term? What nearer term measures are appropriate?interconnection, NGN, Internet Protocol (IP), bill and keep, Calling Party's Network Pays (CPNP), peering, transit.
Chicago IP Colloquium - Patrick Goold, Professor J. Janewa OseiTutu
No full textPatrick Goold, an IP Fellow at Chicago Kent, introduces Professor J. Janewa OseiTutu at the April Chicago IP Colloquium event.https://scholarship.kentlaw.iit.edu/events_2015/1051/thumbnail.jp
IP-for-IP or Cash-for-IP? R&D Competition and the Market for Technology
No full textWe analyze how firms might benefit from trading restrictions in the market for technology. We show that restricting trade to reciprocal exchange (“IP-for-IP” barter instead of cash transactions), as in cross-licensing agreements, alters the allocation of R&D resources and reduces overinvestment in R&D. The tighter are the trading restrictions, the higher are the costs that are due to forgone gains from trade. Our analysis of the trade-offs involved shows that firms benefit from IP-for-IP restrictions, compared to both free trade and no trade environments, in industries where: (1) firms differ in their capabilities to commercialize IP; and (2) patent complementarities exist
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IP accidents ::negligence liability in intellectual property /
No full textIn the twenty-first century, it has become easy to break IP law accidentally. The challenges presented by orphan works, independent invention or IP trolls are merely examples of a much more fundamental problem: IP accidents. This book argues that IP law ought to govern accidental infringement much like tort law governs other types of accidents. In particular, the accidental infringer ought to be liable in IP law only when their conduct was negligent. The current strict liability approach to IP infringement was appropriate in the nineteenth century, when IP accidents were far less frequent. But in the Information Age, where accidents are increasingly common, efficiency, equity, and fairness support the reform of IP to a negligence regime. Patrick R. Goold provides the most coherent explanation of how property and tort interact within the field of IP, contributing to a clearer understanding of property and tort law and private law generally
IMS: The New Generation of Internet-Protocol-Based Multimedia Services
No full textLegacy networks, both fixed and mobile, which were originally designed for voice communications, are progressively migrating to new infrastructures that promise to revolutionize the services offered. In this paper, we will cover this new generation of personal communication services, with an emphasis on the family of Internet protocol (IP)-based multimedia subsystem (IMS)-aided infrastructure that relies on the session initiation protocol (SIP). As a benefit, the end users will enjoy a new generation of personal communications services that are accessible anywhere and anytime. These services are timedia subsystem (IMS)-aided infrastructure that relies on the directly related to the end users rather than to their diverse devices. It is anticipated that the new deployments of next-of the IMS technology. generation networks (all-IP based) will accelerate the adoptio
Perceptions of intellectual property: a review
No full textIn “The right to good ideas: patents and the poor”, The Economist depicts two driving forces in the contemporary discourse on IP and globalization. The one is interested in advancing the knowledge economy, an approach based on the belief that knowledge is the driving factor behind economic growth. The other resides on a belief that IP is a major means to advance the process of globalization. While the former is strongly motivated by new economic growth theory, as for example advanced by Stanford professor Paul Romer, the latter is based on typical anti-globalization arguments, such as for example the position that the IP system helps multinational companies to build up monopolies to the detriment of the poor, drives small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and local business in developing countries out of business and increases prices for consumer products, be they pharmaceuticals or software. The purpose of this review is to help understand the current discourse on intellectual property, to grasp underlying themes, assumptions and connotations associated with the term “IP”, so as to identify paths leading to a more comprehensive understanding of IP and the opportunities and pitfalls it may provide
'Breathing Cities: Art, Air, and Architecture' – SPARK Festival 2024: 'Healthy Futures'
No full textIn this public talk, accompanying the exhibition of 'This Place Has Its Own Air' as part of the SPARK Festival 2024: 'Healthy Futures', attendees were invited to learn more about the artists' (Polina Zioga and Catherine M. Weir – Interactive Filmmaking Lab) creative process, and to hear from scientists and experts (Patrick Fung – Clean Air Network, and Dr Tony Ip – Tony Ip Green Architects) on the topic of air pollution, and what they can do to improve it
Supplemental Material, 5._Appendices - Associations Between Rejection Sensitivity, Aggression, and Victimization: A Meta-Analytic Review
No full textSupplemental Material, 5._Appendices for Associations Between Rejection Sensitivity, Aggression, and Victimization: A Meta-Analytic Review by Shuling Gao, Mark Assink, Tinting Liu, Ko Ling Chan, and Patrick Ip in Trauma, Violence, & Abuse</p
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