914 research outputs found
sj-pdf-3-std-10.1177_09564624211042828 – Supplemental Material for Surveillance for hepatocellular carcinoma in people of African ancestry with HIV and Hepatitis B
No full textSupplemental Material, sj-pdf-3-std-10.1177_09564624211042828 for Surveillance for hepatocellular carcinoma in people of African ancestry with HIV and Hepatitis B by Nisha Patel and Frank A Post in International Journal of STD & AIDS</p
sj-pdf-2-std-10.1177_09564624211042828 – Supplemental Material for Surveillance for hepatocellular carcinoma in people of African ancestry with HIV and Hepatitis B
No full textSupplemental Material, sj-pdf-2-std-10.1177_09564624211042828 for Surveillance for hepatocellular carcinoma in people of African ancestry with HIV and Hepatitis B by Nisha Patel and Frank A Post in International Journal of STD & AIDS</p
sj-pdf-1-std-10.1177_09564624211042828 – Supplemental Material for Surveillance for hepatocellular carcinoma in people of African ancestry with HIV and Hepatitis B
No full textSupplemental Material, sj-pdf-1-std-10.1177_09564624211042828 for Surveillance for hepatocellular carcinoma in people of African ancestry with HIV and Hepatitis B by Nisha Patel and Frank A Post in International Journal of STD & AIDS</p
sj-docx-1-cmg-10.1177_26317745241246899 – Supplemental material for Development and validation of machine learning models to predict the need for haemostatic therapy in acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-cmg-10.1177_26317745241246899 for Development and validation of machine learning models to predict the need for haemostatic therapy in acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding by Scarlet Nazarian, Frank Po Wen Lo, Jianing Qiu, Nisha Patel, Benny Lo and Lakshmana Ayaru in Therapeutic Advances in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy</p
sj-docx-2-cmg-10.1177_26317745241246899 – Supplemental material for Development and validation of machine learning models to predict the need for haemostatic therapy in acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-2-cmg-10.1177_26317745241246899 for Development and validation of machine learning models to predict the need for haemostatic therapy in acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding by Scarlet Nazarian, Frank Po Wen Lo, Jianing Qiu, Nisha Patel, Benny Lo and Lakshmana Ayaru in Therapeutic Advances in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy</p
The benefits of growth for Indonesian Workers
No full textIndonesia's adopted development model has proved to be the most successful in alleviating poverty and benefiting workers in developing countries. The government's development efforts focused on agriculture, education, and transport infrastructure. It emphasized providing productive employment opportunities and gradually improving the labor quality through education and training. The wage, employment, and income growth rates were left to market forces. Although the rapid growth of labor-intensive manufacturing has led to more jobs and higher wages benefiting workers, workers employed in these industries have expressed growing dissatisfaction. They complain about problems of child labor, the denial of centrally mandated wages and benefits to workers, poor working conditions, and the abuse of young female workers. The government has tried to improve worker's wages and working conditions by centrally mandating higher labor standards, relying principally on minimum wages. Enforcement has improved and, despite low compliance, minimum wages are beginning to bite. Indonesians are debating whether they need labor intensive industries and whether it is a mistake to base Indonesia's growth on cheap labor. They argue that if labor is more expensive, manufacturers must substitute some capital for labor. However, if labor-intensive industries are rejected, the capacity of the economy to absorb plentiful workers will be reduced. The main alternatives are to push up wages now, or to let wages be determined by market forces and strengthen institutions that could improve working conditions, such as labor unions. The author recommends maintaining flexible labor markets and allowing market forces to set the pace of change, while strengthening labor unions.Environmental Economics&Policies,Public Health Promotion,Labor Policies,Health Monitoring&Evaluation,Work&Working Conditions,Environmental Economics&Policies,Health Monitoring&Evaluation,Banks&Banking Reform,Work&Working Conditions,Municipal Financial Management
Improving the efficiency of urban bus services in India
No full textThis dissertation analyzed the performance of public bus services in Indian cities and explored factors that affect their efficiency. Following the Road Transport Corporation Act of 1950, most states in India established State Road Transport Corporations to provide public bus services in their respective states. By early 1990s, most of the State Transport Undertakings (STUs) had become large monopolistic operations that incurred huge losses. The government of India started to encourage the STUs to resort to privatization to expand their services and stopped providing funds for purchase of new vehicles. Delhi and Bangalore privatized part of their urban bus services to increase the supply of buses in the city. The analysis involved quantitative analysis of the performance of urban transport companies, the efficiency of their operations and a comparison of the privatization experience of Delhi and Bangalore to understand the differences in their experience. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was used to estimate the relative efficiencies of public bus companies. Then, tobit regression and truncated regression were performed on the estimated efficiencies to explore the exogenous factors that influence efficiency. Results from the multivariate analysis showed that privatization significantly affects service efficiency. Privatization led to an increase in the supply of buses, a decrease in crowding on buses and overall improvements in the quality of service. However, its impact on production efficiency was insignificant. The results from regression analyses indicated that factors other than privatization, such as higher population density and regular revisions of fares influence efficiency. Higher traffic speeds can also improve efficiency of bus systems. While some these factors can be directly controlled by the bus operator, others are beyond their control and have to be addressed though overall planning for land use and traffic management. The research also offers several practical implications to cities that are planning to privatize their operations. The comparison of the privatization experiences of Delhi and Bangalore does not support the theory that competition between operators improves efficiency. Regardless of the method of privatization chosen, the nature of regulations imposed on the private operators determines the outcome from privatization.Ph.D.Includes bibliographical referencesIncludes vitaby Nisha Korattyswaroopa
The Effectiveness of Different Revision Approaches in Science on Achievement and Retention of Learners Having Different Learning Styles
No full textNot availabl
Population aging and the labor market : the case of Sri Lanka
No full textSri Lanka's population is predicted to age vary fast during the next 50 years, bringing a slowdown of labor force growth and after 2030its contraction. Based on a 2006 representative survey of old people in Sri Lanka, the paper examines labor market consequences of this process, focusing on retirement pathways and the determinants of labor market withdrawal. The paper finds that a vast majority of Sri Lankan old workers are engaged in the informal sector, work long hours, and are paid less than younger workers. Moreover, the paper shows that labor market duality carries over to old age: (i) previous employment is the most important predictor of the retirement pathway; (ii) older workers fall into two categories: civil servants and formal private sector workers, who generally stop working before they reach 60 because they are forced to do so by mandatory retirement regulations, and casual workers and the self-employed, who work until very old age (or death) due to poverty and insufficient income and who stop working primarily because of poor health; and (iii) the option of part-time work is used primarily by workers who held regular jobs in their prime age employment, but not by casual workers and self-employed.Labor Markets,Health Monitoring&Evaluation,Labor Policies,Work&Working Conditions,
Advanced endoscopic imaging for prediction of neoplasia in colorectal polyps
No full textAims:
I hypothesize that characterizing polyps as neoplastic or non-neoplastic is possible using current and emerging technologies, including image-enhanced endoscopy, artificial intelligence (AI), computer-aided diagnosis, and photonics microscopy. I further hypothesize that these methods have sufficient diagnostic accuracy to support resect-and-discard strategy for managing small colorectal polyps.
Methods:
The research scope was defined by reviewing the current role of colonoscopy in preventing colorectal cancer, particularly focusing on the polypectomy of small adenomas. A meta-analysis of the current diagnostic technologies, such as i-scan and AI-based computer-aided diagnosis, was conducted. A systematic review of emerging technologies like photonics endomicroscopy was also performed. Prototype microscopy platforms for optical coherence tomography (OCT) and multiphoton microscopy (MPT) were developed, with pre-clinical results presented.
Results:
Current image enhancement technologies enable endoscopists to achieve diagnostic accuracy that meets ASGE standards for the optical diagnosis of colorectal polyps. Specifically, the Pentax i-scan technology demonstrated a sensitivity of 0.92, specificity of 0.90, and negative predictive value of 89.9% for detecting adenomatous pathology in small polyps. Emerging technologies such as OCT, MPT, and hyperspectral imaging show promise, as does AI and computer-aided diagnosis, which achieved a sensitivity of 0.94, specificity of 0.82, and accuracy of 0.90 in meta-analysis. Pre-clinical trials of an integrated OCT/MPT endomicroscope did not meet expectations, requiring separate OCT and MPT subsystems. While optical signals were generated from biological tissue and polyp features were observed in rat colon, the results were not clinically relevant.
Conclusions:
Colonoscopy with polypectomy of detected neoplastic polyps reduces colorectal cancer incidence. Resect-and-discard or diagnose-and-leave strategies can lower healthcare costs and procedural risks. Image-enhanced endoscopy performed by trained operators, provides adequate diagnostic accuracy for these strategies. AI-based diagnosis shows comparable accuracy. Future technologies like OCT and MPT need further development, as current prototypes, while technically feasible, are not clinically useful or endoscopically deployable.Open Acces
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