295 research outputs found
Supplemental_Material_2 – Supplemental material for Telementoring of Surgeons: A Systematic Review
No full textSupplemental material, Supplemental_Material_2 for Telementoring of Surgeons: A Systematic Review by Simon Erridge, Derek K. T. Yeung, Hitendra R. H. Patel and Sanjay Purkayastha in Surgical Innovation</p
Telementoring_of_Surgeons_-_Supp_Mat_1 – Supplemental material for Telementoring of Surgeons: A Systematic Review
No full textSupplemental material, Telementoring_of_Surgeons_-_Supp_Mat_1 for Telementoring of Surgeons: A Systematic Review by Simon Erridge, Derek K. T. Yeung, Hitendra R. H. Patel and Sanjay Purkayastha in Surgical Innovation</p
Which epigenetic and inflammation related biomarkers can identify clinically aggressive prostate cancer
No full textABSTRACT: Prostate cancer is a highly prevalent malignancy and a major cause of cancer-related
morbidity and mortality. Radical prostatectomy technique remains the major
treatment opbon for men with potenbal cure and life expectancy exceeding 10 years.
In the very recent 2018 published follow-up of 29 years of SPG4 study (watchful
waibng versus radical prostatectomy), men who did RP gained a mean of 2.9 years of
life. One of the relevant issues about surgery is its influence in the oncologic prognosis
of pabents, namely, the presence of posibve surgical margins and its impact in
biochemical recurrence and subsequent treatments. For this reason, we present, in
this thesis, a book chapter published in 2015 about the classical open technique with
detailed technical specificabons. Nowadays, more and more main urological surgeries
are thoroughly robobc.
Pabents with biochemical relapse aoer radical prostatectomy are counseled to do
salvage radiotherapy directed to prostabc loca and pelvic lymphabc chains, and
hormonal therapy within 2 years. In the majority of cases, we do not know if the
pabent actually has disease or where it is located. Also, we do not have any
independent biomarker that can accurately indicate if the disease will be aggressive
and we should treat, or if the tumor is indolent and the pabent can wait safely,
without being submiwed to morbid adjuvant treatments. Convenbonally, prostate
cancer prognosis evaluabon is mainly based on PSA, surgical margin status, lymph
node status, pathological stage and Gleason score. Unfortunately, the prognosbc
power of these is, indeed, insufficient.
In 2011, we studied the Amadora (Lisbon) Cohort from Hospital Prof. Doutor Fernando
Fonseca with 171 pabents, submiwed to retropubic radical prostatectomy between
2000 and 2005. The stabsbcal risk analysis concluded that the presence of PSM in RRP
is strongly influenced by pathological stage ≥ pT3a. The presence of PSM and their
number increase significantly the risk of BR compared to other factors. In the absence
of PSM, the factors that seemed to be crucial and with greater impact on BR were
inibal PSA > 10 ng/ml and pathological Gleason score ≥8. The conclusion, thereaoer,
and in concordance with evidence, was that it is important to consider inibal PSA pathological Gleason and surgical margins status when making treatment decisions
aoer radical prostatectomy.
Nowadays, new tools of molecular nuclear imaging are available, namely, 68Ga-PSMAPET/CT, that have accuracy to detect and localize inibal and recurrent disease with
very low levels of PSA (≥ 0,2 ng/ml). We are starbng to “see” and to localize prostate
cancer. The cons of this nuclear test are probably the costs and the low availability
that restricts it to a limited number of cases that can be done per day, especially if no
direct access to the generator/reactor is possible. The evolubon of Magne]c
Resonance Imaging with its mul]parametric tools, is allowing clinicians to actually
visualize the disease, as well.
The novel prostate cancer biomarkers, such as liquid biopsies, epigenebc and
inflammabon-related biomarkers and its importance are discussed. In this context, we
present two manuscripts. The first, an editorial, about a possible novel biomarker and
therapeubc target, the Prostate Stem Cell Anbgen (PSCA). The second, a review arbcle
about epigenebc and inflammatory biomarkers that is in peer-review in World Journal
of Clinical Oncology (WJCO).
We think and believe that the genesis and development of prostate cancer is linked to
chronic inflamma]on and epigene]c modifica]ons. The new concepts of urinary
microbiota and proliferabve inflammatory atrophy (PIA), a prostate cancer precursor,
are explained.
Owing to the limitabons of current clinical, serologic, and pathologic parameters in
predicbng disease inibabon and progression, we sought to invesbgate the prognosbc
value of epigenebc and inflammatory biomarkers by immunochemistry on TMA´s of
234 prostabc specimens from two disbnct cohorts: Hospital Professor Doutor
Fernando Fonseca in Amadora, Lisbon and Insbtuto Português de Oncologia of Porto.
We sought to assess in a retrospecbve way, several biomarkers, namely, prostabc
epigenebc biomarkers not so known in prostabc se{ng: the histone modifiers HDAC1,
HDAC4 and histone mark H3Ac, and the inflammatory biomarkers CXCR4, CXCR7,
CXCL12, that could be representabve of aggressiveness of prostate cancer. We
awempted to correlate the biomarkers expression levels with the clinical and pathological features and other variables such as disease-specific survival (DSS),
disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Log-rank test and Cox regression
model were used to idenbfy which biomarkers were independent predictors of
prognosis.
Complete informabon was available for 231 pabents and median follow-up bme was
13.7 years. A total of 16 (6.9%) pabents died from PCa and 89 (38,5%) pabents
displayed biochemical relapse. Pathological stage (pTStage) and WHO Grade Groups
strabfied pabents in respect to DSS (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.011, respecbvely) and to
DFS (P=0.004 and P=0.027, respecbvely). Pabents with higher CXCR4
immunoexpression experienced significantly worse DSS compared to pabents with
low expression (HR=1.016, 95% CI:1.002-1.031). The same occurred with CXCL12
(HR=0.546 95% CI:0.322-0.926) and H3Ac (HR=1.015, 95% CI: 1.001 - 1.029). No
significant effect on DSS was found for the other biomarkers.
In what concerns to DFS, the biomarker CXCR4 disclosed stabsbcally significant
associabon with this variable. Pabents with higher expression of this biomarker were
significantly more prone to experience disease recurrence (HR=1.003, 95% CI:
1.000-1.005). CXCR7 also corroborated stabsbcal evidence of associabon with DFS
(HR=1.111, 95% CI:1.032-1.196). No significant effect on DFS was found for the other
biomarkers. When adjusted to pTStage and WHO Grade Groups, the majority of the
biomarkers lost stabsbcal significance, except pabents with higher immunoexpression
of CXCR7. CXCR7 was the only biomarker which maintained independent impact on
DFS (HR =1.119, 95% CI:1.032-1.214). No significant effect on OS was found for any
other studied variable.
From this analysis we concluded that high-level of CXCR7 expression is an
independent predictor of poor prognosis aoer surgery and might provide important
informabon for pabent management.
To answer the quesbon posed by this thesis Which epigeneDc and inflammaDonrelated biomarkers can idenDfy clinically aggressive prostate cancer, we need to have
stronger evidence but our results sustain that targebng biomarkers in blood and in
urine are capable of early detecbon of PCa. The CXCL12-CXCR4/CXCR7 signaling axis may be a potenbal strategy. The same biomarkers would also be capable of doing
pabent strabficabon and, eventually, be a treatment target. If detecbon of acbve
inflammatory axis could be made earlier, earlier treatments could be implemented.
This data come to meet the issue of immunotherapy in PCa. Prostate cancer seems to
be an ideal model for therapeubc cancer vaccines, once prostate is an unessenbal
organ with mulbple tumor-associated anbgens as potenbal targets. In general, PCa is
an indolent disease that provides enough bme for the anbtumor immune response to
be installed. A two phase approach of immune sbmulabon and immune modulabon
seems to produce the best results. Many clinical trials are assessing immunotherapy
combinabons and some of them in early stages of the disease. Examples are
a STAT3 inhibitor trial (Phase I/II NCT01563302) and 2 trials with PSMA (Phase I
NCT01723475 and Phase I NCT02991911).
Although this thesis was based in a retrospecbve study, we think it was a relevant
work, that opens doors to the understanding and evaluabon of prostate cancer
behavior. Further invesbgabons must be pursed so that we can use these news tools
and substanbally improve our pabent care in the near future. It will be a valuable task
to learn how the intensity of CXCL12 and CXCR7 expression in prostate specimens
correlates with its serum levels and, in turn, prospecbvely study how these levels
relate to cancer aggressiveness and be able to bewer tailor pabent treatment based in
a less invasive proceeding
Synthesis, characterization and dyeing behavior of heterocyclic acid dyes and mordent acid dyes on wool and silk fabrics
No full textNovel heterocyclic acid and mordent acid dyes were synthesized by the coupling of diazonium salt solution of different aromatic amines with 2- butyl-3-(4-hydroxybenzoyl)benzofuran. The resulting heterocyclic acid dyes were characterized by spectral techniques, i.e., elemental analysis, IR, 1HNMR, 13C-NMR spectral studies and UV- visible spectroscopy. The dyeing performance of all the heterocyclic acid dyes was evaluated on wool and silk fabrics. The dyeing of chrome pre treated wool and silk fabrics showed better hues on mordented fabrics. Dyeing of wool and silk fabrics resulted in pinkish blue to red shades with very good depth and levelness. The dyed fabrics showed excellent to very good light, washing, perspiration, sublimation and rubbing fastness
Endoscopy in gynecologic oncology
No full textEndoscopic surgery offers the advantages of quicker recovery, shorter hospital stay and a lower risk of complications such as infections, blood loss, wound infection, ileus and incisional hernias. The feasibility of endoscopy in gynecological cancer has been shown in numerous papers demonstrating equivalence in terms of radicality. Evidence for oncological outcome in terms of survival has been slower to arrive, but there is significant evidence being reported now in all three of the major gynecological cancers
Synthesis, Characterization and Dyeing Behaviour of Heterocyclic Acid and Mordent Dyes on Wool and Silk Fabrics
No full textAbstractIn the field of dye industries, heterocyclic compounds can play the important role to synthesis the various acid and mordent dyes which can give the variety of shades to different fabrics. Here, new heterocyclic acid and mordent acid dyes were synthesized by the coupling of diazonium salt solution of different aromatic amines having acidic groups with derivatives of dihydrobenzofuran and the obtained heterocyclic acid dyes were analyzed by various spectral techniques and the dyeing assessment of all the dyes was evaluated on wool and silk fabrics and the dyeing of chrome pre-treated wool and silk fabrics showed better shades on mordented fabrics due to chrome complex and it shows good shades with excellent depth and level ness and the dyed fabrics showed excellent fastness properties
Hilal Ahmed, <i>Muslim Political Discourse in Postcolonial India: Monuments, Memory, Contestation</i>.
No full textImpedance spectroscopy workstation for electrical characterization of ionically conducting glasses
No full textImpedance spectroscopy and NMR studies of fast ion conducting chalcogenide glasses
No full textTwo fully automated, temperature controlled, impedance spectroscopy workstations have been developed for this project. Impedance spectroscopy studies of glasses have been performed over the wide frequency (1 Hz-1 GHz) and wide temperature (100-500 K) range;This study yields the first-ever full compositional (three decades) range examination of the Na[subscript]2S + B[subscript]2S[subscript]3 and K[subscript]2S + B[subscript]2S[subscript]3 systems. The activation energy is modeled using a modified Anderson-Stuart model that predicts well the results for the low alkali glasses. a.c. conductivity is examined through the electrical modulus formalism and the Kohlrausch-Williams-Watts decay function. The first-ever compositional study of the approach to exponential relaxation with decreasing alkali concentration or ion-ion separation distance is reported. Although single exponential relaxation is approached, the amount of conductivity dispersion is unchanged;The first-ever study of ion dynamics through conductivity and nuclear spin lattice relaxation for three FIC lithium chalcogenide glasses (over the same frequency and temperature range are reported. For all glasses, the NSLR and the conductivity activation energies are approximately the same. The correlation time for conductivity is an order of magnitude less than that for NSLR and the KWW [beta] parameter yields smaller values for NSLR;Closer examination of the electrical modulus spectrum shows that its shape is dependent on the conductivity and the dielectric constant. The reason for the approach to single exponential behavior is due to the decreasing contribution of the hopping ions to the dielectric constant with decreasing concentration;The KWW function is not fit to the electrical modulus on the right side of the peak where the conductivity dispersion occurs and explains why conductivity dispersion is observed even for a [beta] = 0.93 fit;The ion-hopping dielectric relaxation frequency should be used as the characteristic ion-hopping frequency instead of the frequency where the M[superscript]'' peak maximum. Fitting the conductivity data with the KWW function yields [beta] values comparable to those obtained for the NSLR experiment. The similar activation energy, relaxation times and [beta] results support the hypothesis that the ion dynamics in the conductivity and the NSLR experiment are the same.</p
Synthesis, characterization and applications of some novel mordent and heterocyclic disperse dyes on polyester and wool fibers
No full textThe novel mordent and disperse heterocyclic dyes were prepared by coupling of various diazo solution of aromatic amines with 1-[(2-butyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-3-yl)]-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)methanone. The resultant mordent and disperse heterocyclic dyes were characterized by elemental analyses, IR and 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectral studies. The UV-visible spectral data have also been discussed in terms of structural property relationship. The dyeing assessment of all the mordent and disperse heterocyclic dyes was evaluated on wool and polyester textile fibers. The results of antibacterial studies of chrome pretreated fabrics revealed that the toxicity of mordented dyes against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Bacillus subtilis bacteria was fairly good.</div
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