118,154 research outputs found
High temperature characterization of Y-zeolite loaded with chlorobenzene
No full textDue to their widespread use in many industrial sectors, low solubility in water and their bioaccumulation tendency,
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) are hazardous organic chemicals commonly present in water. Among this class of
pollutants, chlorobenzene (CB) is included as benzene (i.e., BTEX species) halogenated compound. Therefore, due to
its toxic effects on both human health and environmental systems, the removal of CB from water is a primary issue.
Recently, it has been highlighted that organophylic and hydrophobic zeolites are efficient as sorbent materials and
completely regenerable without showing remarkable changes in adsorption capacity and structural properties.
Nowadays, these zeolites features, combined with their high thermal stability, are exploited in regeneration processes
through thermal treatment in order to reuse regenerated zeolites in new adsorption processes (Rodeghero et al., 2016).
Therefore, the aim of the project is to investigate the desorption process of chlorobenzene (purchased by Sigma Aldrich
with a purity of 99.8%) Y (HSZ-390HUA code; 200 SiO2/Al2O3 ratio) system to: 1) determine the desorption
temperature of extraframework content; 2) characterize the structural modifications induced by high temperature
treatment and 3) highlight the temperature effects on the interactions between organic molecules and framework oxygen
atoms. With this purpose, Y-CB sample was prepared and characterized by chromatographic (via Headspace Solid
Phase Microextraction-GC) and thermal (TG and DTA) analysis. Desorption process was constantly monitored, through
synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction, at the high resolution Beamline ID22 (ESRF, Grenoble) from room temperature
to 590°C with a heating rate of 8°C/min. Rietveld refinements showed that chlorobenzene molecules are desorbed at
about 210°C. These results are in good agreement with thermal analysis, which suggest that all the extraframework
(H2O and CB molecules) content is completely released between 190 and 210°C. Hence, the detected desorption
temperature reveals an acceleration of desorption kinetics compared to that reported on a patent previously published
(Vignola et al., 2008). Moreover, structural refinements highlighted that both only slight memory effects in terms of
structural deformations are registered in 12MR channel geometry after regeneration process and the reactivated zeolite
regain the unit-cell parameters of the bare material almost perfectly. Furthermore, any significant crystallinity loss is
observed. Based on these results, the High Silica Y zeolite is potentially reusable in a new adsorption/desorption cycle.
Rodeghero, E., Martucci, A., Cruciani, G., Bagatin, R., Sarti, E., Bosi, V., Pasti, L. (2016): Kinetics and dynamic behaviour of
toluene desorption from ZSM-5 using in situ high-temperature Synchrotron X-ray diffraction and chromatographic techniques.
Catalysis Today, 277, 118-125.
Vignola, R. (2008): WO 2009/000429 A1, Eni S.p.A
L−Lysine Amino Acid Adsorption on Zeolite L: a Combined Synchrotron, X-Ray and Neutron Diffraction Study
Full text linkCombined neutron and X-ray powder diffraction techniques highlighted the sorption capacity of the acidic L zeolite towards the L-lysine amino acid. The role of zeolite channels in the stabilization of the lysine absorbed and the effect of water on protein structure are elucidated at atomistic level. The stabilization of the L α-helical conformation is related to strong H-bonds between the tail aminogroups of lysine molecules and the Brønsted acid site as well as to complex intermolecular H-bond system between water molecules, zeolite and amino acid. This finding is relevant in the catalytic synthesis of polypeptide, as well as in industrial biotechnology by qualitatively predicting binding behaviour
Atlas Of Pediatric Ocular Oncology
No full textThis atlas-book was conceived in the dark evenings during the Covid pandemic to keep the
mind busy, not only mine but also the young residents of our clinic.
The images that enrich each chapter are part of a life of over 30 years dedicated to ocular
oncology, mainly of the pediatric age.
A passion and commitment transmitted by my mentor Prof. Frezzotti who treated the first
retinoblastoma in 1959.
So here, I find myself collecting the most significant images of hundreds of clinical cases
faced, diagnosed and treated over the years.
Retinoblastoma is obviously the largest part of this atlas due to the over 900 cases observed
and treated in Siena.
It took almost 3 years...because unfortunately the time left to write, study and publish is
the evening hours after long and tiring days of clinical care activities.
My long friendship, collaboration and growth together with Paolo Galluzzi has allowed us
to add to each chapter MRI notions useful in the differential diagnosis of various pathologies.
My friend Rana’a helped correct some chapters and give his contribution on ocular mela-
noma in pediatric age.
Good friends and colleagues have been added among the collaborators for sending unu-
sual and rare cases.
I thank Tero Kivela, Sonia De Francesco, Tommaso Bacci, Marco Mazza, Mattia Pasti,
Alfonso Cerase, Lucia Monti, Mario Fruschelli and Cristina Menicacci for their precious
contributions.
An affectionate thought goes to all the young residents who, with great enthusiasm, em-
braced the topics assigned to them and carried out the various chapters with curiosity and
interest.
The drawings were all done by the talented resident Dimitris Pollalis who gave a truly
artistic touch to this atlas.
This book is dedicated to all ophthalmologists, of all ages, who are passionate, curious and
fascinated by their work with the hope that the hundreds of images can help to recognize
unusual and complex cases
Adsorption of L-lysine on zeolites: effect of different framework topology and different Si/Al ratio
No full textThe study of the ability of zeolites to adsorb amino acids is significant to improve the knowledge of
the interactions between these molecules and solid surfaces. This is of fundamental importance to
increase the level of understanding of much more complex systems and to select adsorbent materials
able to selectively capture amino acids from aqueous solutions.[1]
Zeolites are aluminosilicate materials characterized by regular crystalline structure with microporous
cavities which confer a high superficial area. The physico-chemical proprieties of zeolites depend on
the composition of their framework that consist of tetrahedral units of SiO4 and AlO4 and, in
particular, their ratio (SAR) characterizes the hydrophilic/hydrophobic behavior of the material.
Moreover, the different conformation and dimension of the internal channels and cages influence the
adsorption selectivity towards host molecules.[2] The ability of zeolites to adsorb biologically active
biomolecules such as amino acids is of particular interest in industrial biotechnology[3] due to the fact
that these adsorbent materials could be used as solid solvents to stabilize the different charged forms
of the amino acids.
In this study we tested the different adsorption capacity of zeolites L and ZSM-5 towards the
amino acid L-lysine. These zeolites were chosen since they present different framework, with 2D and
3D channels structures, and different pore dimensions. Moreover, for the zeolite ZSM-5, two
materials having different SAR were selected to study the effect of zeolite chemical composition on
the adsorption capacity. Kinetic and isothermal experiments were carried out at different L-lysine
initial concentrations to study the adsorption processes. The results show high capacity towards the
adsorption of L-lysine for every zeolite investigated. We found a higher capacity for zeolite L with
respect to ZSM-5. Moreover, zeolite ZSM-5 with greater SAR has shown less adsorption, probably
a cause of different surface charge. [1][4] Moreover, the results obtained by thermal analyses (TGDTG-
DTA) showed different interactions within the amino acid-zeolite adduct and different stability,
depending on the peculiarities of the zeolites studied. Further investigation of the refinements of X
ray powder diffraction patterns showed the adsorption sites, the orientation and the interactions of the
amino acid molecules within the zeolite channels.
This work allowed to improve the understanding of the formation and interactions of the adducts
that originate from the adsorption of amino acids on zeolites. The information obtained are useful for
separation of amino acids from complex mixtures.
[1] G. Beltrami, A. Martucci, L. Pasti, T. Chenet, M. Ardit, L. Gigli, M. Cescon, E. Suard,
ChemistryOpen 2020, 9(10), 978–982.
[2] A. Martucci, L. Pasti, N. Marchetti, A. Cavazzini, F. Dondi, A. Alberti, Micropor. Mesopor. Mat.
2012, 148(1), 174-183.
[3] K. Stückenschneider, J. Merz, and G. Schembecker, J. Phys. Chem. 2014, 118, 5810-5819.
[4] T. Chenet, A. Martucci, M. Cescon, G. Vergine, G. Beltrami, L. Gigli, M. Ardit, M. Migliori, E.
Catizzone, G. Giordano, L. Pasti, Micropor. Mesopor. Mat., 2021, 323, 111183
Location and Mobility of acidic protons in zeolite L by Neutron powder diffraction
No full textAcidic zeolites are used in the chemical and petroleum industry because of their catalytic activity, reaction selectivity, and chemical and
thermal stability. Neutron diffraction is best experimental method to probe Brønsted siting and it was used by our group to characterize
acidic ferrierite, mordenite and heulandite(data collected at ILL, line D2B).The aim of this proposal is to determine the number and
location of Brønsted sites in zeolite L, a large pore material whose acidity influences the photophysical behavior of encapsulated dyes
and can affect the properties of photonic antenna systems based on dye–zeolite host–guest materials. Main proposer: Annalisa Martucci. Co-proposer: Giuseppe Cruciani ,Luisa Pasti, Elisa Rodeghero, University of Ferrara. The project was approved (2015/4) and financed by the international Commitees of ILL, Grenoble. We plan to collect
two samples: the first exchanged with ND4 and then calcined at 550°C(D-LTL).Part of this will be then washed with D2O to obtain its
acidic rehydrated form (RD-LTL).The data will be processed by the GSAS package. The protons location in D-LTL will provide
essential information on the accessibility to molecules of Brønsted sites within the zeolite channels.The RD-LTL study will provide a
complete understanding of both the hydrogen bonding network and the degree of confinement of zeolitic water in LT
Toluene and n-hexane competitive adsorption on high-silica ZSM-5 zeolite
No full textFuel-based compounds, such as toluene and n-hexane, are common pollutants present in water and wastewater. Due
to their tendency to persist in air, water and soil and to bioaccumulate through the food chain, they are included among
the most hazardous compounds for human health and environment. Acquatic ecosystems are especially vulnerable
because of the frequent use of water bodies as recipients of potentially toxic liquids and solids from domestic,
agricultural and industrial wastes. Hence, the removal of fuel-based compounds, through adsorption onto inorganic
sorbents is of considerable interest. Due to their selectivity towards organic contaminant and fast adsorption kinetics, it
has been recently highlighted that High Silica Zeolites are hydrophobic sorbent materials suitable for adsorption
processes (Martucci et al., 2015; Pasti et al., 2016). The aim of this work is to determine the ZSM-5 zeolite degree of
selectivity and its structural changes when a competitive adsorption of toluene and n-hexane occurs. A sample of ZSM-
5 zeolite (MFI topology, SiO2/Al2O3 ratio=280), was provided by Tosoh Corporation and loaded with a binary mixture
of toluene and n-hexane. Kinetics and adsorption isotherm data were obtained via Headspace Solid Phase
Microextraction-GC. Powders patterns were collected before and after adsorption on a Bruker D8 Advance
diffractometer equipped with SOL-X detector. Thermal (TG and DTA) analysis were performed in air up to 900°C at
10°C/min. This multidisciplinary approach allowed us to: 1) measure the sorption capacity of zeolite materials weighed
against organic pollutants dissolved in water; 2) characterise the sorbent structure after pollutant adsorption; 3) localise
the organic species in the zeolite channel systems; 4) probe the interaction between the adsorbate and zeolite framework.
Rietveld refinements provide information about the relative position of molecules inside the structure after toluene, nhexane
and their mixture adsorption. Data reveal that 1) n-hexane and toluene are preferentially adsorbed whether as
single components than as binary mixture; 2) zeolite selectivity is higher towards the n-hexane than toluene. Differences
Fourier maps analysis shows that n-hexane, water, and toluene have been adsorbed at about 8.95%, 2.2%, and 1.59%,
respectively, in good agreement with both adsorption data and thermal analysis. As a matter of fact, ZSM-5 zeolite
preferably adsorbs n-hexane, even in presence of a competitor, such as toluene.
Martucci, A., Braschi, I., Bisio, C., Sarti, E., Rodeghero, E., Bagatin, R., Pasti, L. (2015): Influence of water on the retention of
methyl tertiary-butyl ether by high silica ZSM-5 and Y zeolites: a multidisciplinary study on the adsorption from liquid and gas
phase. RSC Adv., 5, 86997-87006.
Pasti, L., Rodeghero, E., Sarti, E., Bosi, V., Cavazzini, A., Bagatin, R., Martucci, A. (2016): Competitive adsorption of VOCs from
binary aqueous mixtures on zeolite ZSM-5. RSC Adv., 6, 54544-54552
Validation of differential FFF
No full textIn this talk the general concepts of validation of an analytical method are introduced, and applied to differential FFF method (1).
Chemometrics will give us the basis for defining method parameters, such as the decision, detection and quantification limits as a function of both the signal error and the blank value. FFF theory and conventional theory of signal detection will allow us to specify the different error contributions as a function of the operative parameters. Therefore by this approach the "absolute character" of SdFFF as method for mass determination is further
enlarged to include the adsolute character of the analytical method. A separate experimental check of the independent sources of errors and of the total error will represent the validation of the method.
Examples (2) are reported. The role and relevance of the FFF method validation is thus enphasized.
1. L. Bregola, C.Contado, M.Martin, L. Pasti, F. Dondi. Precision in
Differential Field-Flow Fractionation: a chemiometric study, J. Sep.
Sci., 30, 2760-2779, 2007.
2. C.Contado, L. Bregola, F. Dondi. Sedimentation field flow
fractionation of immunoglobulin A coated polystyrene beads. Influence of carrier composition on complex characterization. J. Chromatogr. A, 1169(1-2), 158-174
Desorption of chlorobenzene confined in Y zeolite: a combined in situ synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction and chromatographic study
No full textVolatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as chlorobenzene are common pollutants present in groundwater. Because of their human and ecosystems toxicity and their tendency to persist in water the removal of these contaminants it is in the public interest. Recently, the state of the art highlighted that hydrophobic zeolites are environmentally friendly materials, efficient as contaminants adsorbents and perfectly regenerable without changing their initial adsorption capacity (Martucci et al., 2015; Leardini et al., 2015; Martucci et al., 2015; Martucci et al., 2014; Pasti et al., 2012, Rodeghero et al., in press; Pasti et al., submitted). Structural and kinetic dynamic data are required to full understanding the behaviour of zeolites during the fuel-based compounds desorption process. Actually no in situ structural investigation of the VOCs kinetics desorption has been performed on Y zeolite. The challenge of this work is understanding the structural modifications undergoing on this hydrophobic material (HSZ-390HUA, SiO2/Al2O3 = 200, Tosoh Corporation) loaded with chlorobenzene (Cl-B) upon thermal treatment. To obtain this goal the study was carried out with two approaches. Firstly adsorption isotherm from distilled water was performed on zeolites in batches at RT and the concentration of contaminants in aqueous solution was obtained by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Then the in situ heating allowed us to simulate the regeneration process, which is usually subjected exhausted zeolites after adsorption of hydrocarbons. The desorption process was continuously monitored at the ID22 beamline (ESRF-Grenoble) as a function of temperature (heating rate 20°C/min) from room temperature up to 600°C. The results obtained with Rietveld method indicate that after thermal treatment zeolite does not show any significant crystallinity loss and when all the organic have been ejected (about 300°C), non-equilibrium distortions in the framework are relaxed and channel apertures become more circular. Achieving the reactivation of these materials and its reuse as pollutants adsorbent would expand their capabilities in environmental applications. Additionally, understanding this process can help in optimizing and the design the water remediation technologies (e.g. Permeable Reactive Barriers) and using zeolites as “molecular sieves” to remove fuels-based pollutants from water.
Leardini, L., Quartieri, S., Vezzalini, G., Arletti, R. (2015): Thermal behaviour of siliceous faujasite: Further structural interpretation of negative thermal expansion. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 202, 226–233.
Martucci, A., Braschi, I., Marchese, L., Quartieri, S. (2014): Min. Mag., 2014, 1115–1140.
Martucci, A., Braschi, I., Bisio, C., Sarti, E., Rodeghero, E., Bagatin, R. and Pasti, L. (2015): Influence of water on the retention of methyl tertiary-butyl ether by high silica ZSM-5 and Y zeolites: a multidisciplinary study on the adsorption from liquid and gas phase. RSC Adv., 106, 86997-87006. Martucci, A., Rodeghero, E., Pasti, L., Bosi, V., Cruciani, G. (2015): Adsorption of 1,2-dichloroethane on ZSM-5 and desorption dynamics by in situ synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 215, 175-182.
Pasti, L., Rodeghero, E., Sarti, E., Bosi, V., Cavazzini, A., Bagatin R., and Martucci, A.: Competitive Adsorption of VOCs from binary aqueous mixtures on zeolite ZSM-5. RSC Adv., Submitted.
Pasti, L., Martucci, A., Nassi, M., Cavazzini, A., Alberti, A., Bagatin, R. (2012): The role of water in DCE adsorption from aqueous solutions onto hydrophobic zeolites. Micropor. Mesopor. Mat., 160, 182–193.
Rodeghero, E., Martucci, A., Cruciani, G., Bagatin, R., Sarti, E., Bosi, V., Pasti, L. (2015): Kinetics and dynamic behaviour of toluene desorption from ZSM-5 using in situ high-temperature synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction and chromatographic techniques. Catalysis Today, In Press
Desorption of chlorobenzene confined in Y zeolite: a combined in situ synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction and chromatographic study
No full textVolatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as chlorobenzene are common pollutants present in groundwater. Because of their human and ecosystems toxicity and their tendency to persist in water the removal of these contaminants it is in the public interest. Recently, the state of the art highlighted that hydrophobic zeolites are environmentally friendly materials, efficient as contaminants adsorbents and perfectly regenerable without changing their initial adsorption capacity (Martucci et al., 2015; Leardini et al., 2015; Martucci et al., 2015; Martucci et al., 2014; Pasti et al., 2012, Rodeghero et al., in press; Pasti et al., submitted). Structural and kinetic dynamic data are required to full understanding the behaviour of zeolites during the fuel-based compounds desorption process. Actually no in situ structural investigation of the VOCs kinetics desorption has been performed on Y zeolite. The challenge of this work is understanding the structural modifications undergoing on this hydrophobic material (HSZ-390HUA, SiO2/Al2O3 = 200, Tosoh Corporation) loaded with chlorobenzene (Cl-B) upon thermal treatment. To obtain this goal the study was carried out with two approaches. Firstly adsorption isotherm from distilled water was performed on zeolites in batches at RT and the concentration of contaminants in aqueous solution was obtained by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Then the in situ heating allowed us to simulate the regeneration process, which is usually subjected exhausted zeolites after adsorption of hydrocarbons. The desorption process was continuously monitored at the ID22 beamline (ESRF-Grenoble) as a function of temperature (heating rate 20°C/min) from room temperature up to 600°C. The results obtained with Rietveld method indicate that after thermal treatment zeolite does not show any significant crystallinity loss and when all the organic have been ejected (about 300°C), non-equilibrium distortions in the framework are relaxed and channel apertures become more circular. Achieving the reactivation of these materials and its reuse as pollutants adsorbent would expand their capabilities in environmental applications. Additionally, understanding this process can help in optimizing and the design the water remediation technologies (e.g. Permeable Reactive Barriers) and using zeolites as “molecular sieves” to remove fuels-based pollutants from water.
Leardini, L., Quartieri, S., Vezzalini, G., Arletti, R. (2015): Thermal behaviour of siliceous faujasite: Further structural interpretation of negative thermal expansion. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 202, 226–233.
Martucci, A., Braschi, I., Marchese, L., Quartieri, S. (2014): Min. Mag., 2014, 1115–1140.
Martucci, A., Braschi, I., Bisio, C., Sarti, E., Rodeghero, E., Bagatin, R. and Pasti, L. (2015): Influence of water on the retention of methyl tertiary-butyl ether by high silica ZSM-5 and Y zeolites: a multidisciplinary study on the adsorption from liquid and gas phase. RSC Adv., 106, 86997-87006. Martucci, A., Rodeghero, E., Pasti, L., Bosi, V., Cruciani, G. (2015): Adsorption of 1,2-dichloroethane on ZSM-5 and desorption dynamics by in situ synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 215, 175-182.
Pasti, L., Rodeghero, E., Sarti, E., Bosi, V., Cavazzini, A., Bagatin R., and Martucci, A.: Competitive Adsorption of VOCs from binary aqueous mixtures on zeolite ZSM-5. RSC Adv., Submitted.
Pasti, L., Martucci, A., Nassi, M., Cavazzini, A., Alberti, A., Bagatin, R. (2012): The role of water in DCE adsorption from aqueous solutions onto hydrophobic zeolites. Micropor. Mesopor. Mat., 160, 182–193.
Rodeghero, E., Martucci, A., Cruciani, G., Bagatin, R., Sarti, E., Bosi, V., Pasti, L. (2015): Kinetics and dynamic behaviour of toluene desorption from ZSM-5 using in situ high-temperature synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction and chromatographic techniques. Catalysis Today, In Press
Sustainable treatment of waters polluted with fuel-based pollutant mixtures by high silica zeolites.
No full textIntroduction
Chlorinated volatile organic compounds, such as 1,1-dichloroethylene and aromatic hydrocarbons (BTX: benzene, toluene, and xylene) constitute a significant fraction of fuel-based hazardous air and water polluants [1]. The decontamination of groundwater is one of the most difficult and expensive environmental problem due to the difficulty associated with pollutants removal from water systems and to the serious health problems they can pose if allowed to enter the environment. Permeable Reactive Barriers (PRB) based on zeolites are one of the most promising passive treatment technologies for the remediation of polluted ground waters, due to their effectiveness regarding various contaminants, and their low cost compared to other in situ technologies [2,3].
In this work the efficiency of hydrophobic high silica zeolite materials (Y, MOR, and ZSM-5) for the removal of organic contaminant was tested, and the host–guest interactions occurring during adsorption processes and the process selectivity were carefully studied. In particular, evidences of 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE), methyl tert-butyl-ether (MTBE) and toluene (TOL) adsorption from dilute solutions into organophilic zeolites will be presented. A combined diffractometric (PWXRD), thermogravimetric (TGA), gas chromatographic (GC) and infrared (IR) study was used to: 1) investigate the adsorptive properties of hydrophobic synthetic zeolites; 2) compare the adsorption data for a mixture of these contaminants with concentrations in the ppb and ppm range; 3) characterise the zeolite structure after contaminants adsorption; 4) localise the organic species in the zeolite channel systems; 5) highlight the interactions between organic molecules and framework oxygen atoms.
Experimental
Adsorbents were hydrophobic commercial zeolites purchased with a very high silicon to aluminium ratio (SAR) and in their protonated (MOR and Y) or ammonium (ZSM-5) forms. In all cases, Na2O content was lower than 0.1% wt. Kinetics and adsorption isotherm batch data were obtained via Headspace Solid Phase Microextraction-GC. PXRD patterns were collected before and after adsorption on a Bruker D8 Advance diffractometer equipped with SOL-X detector. Thermal analyses (TG and DTA) were performed in air up to 900°C at 10°C/min. Infrared spectra were collected on a Thermo Electron Corporation FT Nicolet 5700 Spectrometer with 4 cm-1 resolution using special cells connected to high vacuum lines allowing in-situ adsorption/desorption experiments.
Results and Discussion
The effective adsorption in highly siliceous zeolites of single mono-aromatic molecules, volatile organic compounds [4,5] and MTBE [6,7] when dissolved in the aqueous matrix has been demonstrated and the position of these pollutants in the zeolites framework has been localized exactly by diffractometric techniques. Experimental results prove that the adsorption kinetics of all components is fast and indicate that competition exists between the organic compounds at low co-solute concentrations [4-6]. The reversibility, type and strength of the host-guest interactions (namely, H-bonding and/or van der Waals type) were defined by FTIR spectroscopy [7]. Rietveld analysis of PXRD data elucidated the vicinity of organic molecules and zeolite oxygens atoms [4-6].
The embedding of DCE, MTBE, TOL induced a combined effect of widening/contraction of all channel systems, which was highlighted by the variations of O-O distance of channel systems, and this favours the adsorption of the organics [4-6]. The competitive adsorption for a mixture of these contaminants induces diffusion of the molecules through the zeolite channel systems thus causing a ridistribution of DCE, MTBE, TOL species highlighted by Rietveld refinements (see Figure below).
Location of MTBE-TOL, DCE-TOL, and MTBE-DEC mixtures into ZSM-5.
Conclusions
The very favorable adsorption kinetics along with the effective and highly irreversible adsorption of DCE, MTBE and TOL molecules into zeolite pores make these cheap and environmental friendly materials applicable for the treatment of water contaminated with fuel-based pollutants. This type of information is crucial to design and optimize the PRB technology for water remediation based on high silica zeolites.
Acknowledgements
The authors wish to thank Research Center for Non-Conventional Energy, Istituto ENI Donegani − Environmental Technologies (Novara, Italy) for their financial support.
References
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[2] R. Vignola, R. Bagatin, A. De Folly D’Auris, C. Flego, M. Nalli, D. Ghisletti, R. Millini, R. Sisto, Chem. Eng. J. 178 (2011) 204–209.
[3] A.R. Gavaskar, B.C. Kim, S.H. Rosansky, S.K. Ong, E.G. Marchand, Environ. Prog. 14 (1995) 33–40.
[4] A. Martucci, L. Pasti, N. Marchetti, A. Cavazzini, F. Dondi, A. Alberti, Micropor. Mesopor. Mater. 148 (2012) 174-183.
[5] L. Pasti, A. Martucci, M. Nassi, A. Cavazzini, A. Alberti, R. Bagatin, Micropor. Mesopor. Mater. 160 (2012) 182–193
[6] R. Arletti, A. Martucci, A. Alberti, L. Pasti, M. Nassi, R. Bagatin, J. Solid State Chem. 194 (2012) 135-142.
[7] I. Braschi, G. Gatti, C. Bisio, G. Berlier, V. Sacchetto, M. Cossi, L. Marchese, J. Phys. Chem. C 116 (2012) 6943-6952
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