1,721,011 research outputs found
Effetti a breve termine della somministrazione di nitrendipina in pazienti anziani con ipertensione arteriosa lieve.
No full textNutrition and skin healing, the role of nitrogen intake. Is “from in” predominant on “from out” ?
No full textSkin is an organ, and not merely a tissue, which accounts for 8% of body total weight. Protein content, predominantly collagen, in turn accounts for 50% of skin weight.
Therefore, protein contained into skin are in balance with protein metabolism of the whole body, and skin synthesizes new proteins or is dismantled for providing nitrogen containing substrates according the needs of body metabolism. We have observed that diets containing poor amino acidic quality, that is poor in essential amino acids content, compromise rapidly collagen density and affects collagen synthesis unbalancing collagen metabolism towards protein catabolism and impaired syntheses. Thus, we suggest to monitor plasma albumin levels as simple and widely available method for screening patients both at increased risk of spontaneous lesions, like bed sores, and/or failure of topical therapy and impaired wound healing due to under-evaluating the impact of protein malnutrition in patients.
La cute è un organo, e non solamente un tessuto, che costituisce l’8% del peso corporeo di un adulto sano. Il contenuto proteico della cute, in cui predomina il collagene, a sua volta costituisce il 50% del peso di questo tessuto. Pertanto, è comprensibile che le proteine contenute nella cute siano in rapporto con lo stato metabolico del corpo, e quindi che la cute sintetizzi nuove proteine o le catabolizzi per provvedere il rifornimento di substrati azotati al metabolismo secondo le esigenze e le necessità del resto del corpo. Noi abbiamo dimostrato che diete a bassa qualità di contenuto in amino acidi , cioè povere in amino acidi essenziali, rapidamente compromettono la densità del collagene e sbilanciano il rapporto fra sintesi e catabolismo , inducendo una alterazione negative della sintesi del collagene cutaneo. Perciò, suggeriamo che controllare con regolarità almeno i livelli di albumina plasmatica, un marcatore generale di sintesi proteica adeguata, sia un semplice e facilmente disponibile metodo sia per identificare i pazienti a maggior rischio di lesioni spontanee, come le piaghe da decubito, sia per comprendere se il fallimento della terapia topica nella riparazione di qualunque lesione sia da ascriversi alla malnutrizione del paziente e non alla inadeguatezza della medicazione locale
Effects of the novel calcium channel blocker, anipamil, on the isolated rabbit heart.
No full textNaunyn Achmied. Arch. Pharmacol
Skeletal muscle myopathy in heart failure: the role of ejection fraction
No full textPURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review summarizes: (1) the structural and functional features coupled with pathophysiological factors responsible of skeletal muscle myopathy (SMM) in both heart failure with reduced (HFrEF) and preserved (HFpEF) ejection fraction and (2) the role of exercise as treatment of SMM in these HF-related phenotypes. RECENT FINDINGS: The recent literature showed two main phenotypes of heart failure (HF): (1) HFrEF primarily due to a systolic dysfunction of the left ventricle and (2) HFpEF, mainly related to a diastolic dysfunction. Exercise intolerance is one of most disabling symptoms of HF and it is shown that persists after the normalization of the central hemodynamic impairments by therapy and/or cardiac surgery including heart transplant. A specific skeletal muscle myopathy (SMM) has been defined as one of the main causes of exercise intolerance in HF. The SMM has been well described in the last 20 years in the HFrEF; on the contrary, few studies are available in HFpEF. Recent evidences have revealed that exercise training counteracts HF-related SMM and in turn ameliorates exercise intolerance
Dietary Modifications of Nitrogen Intake Decreases Inflammation and Promotes Rejuvenation of Spleen in Aged Mice
No full textThe spleen is a lymphoid organ with multiple functions including blood filtration and immune activity. Aging changes the spleen’s anatomy for both immune and stromal cells and can lead to immunesenescence, contributing to the increased rates of mortality and morbidity commonly observed in the elderly. Much evidence indicates that the combination of food quantity and quality can influence chronic inflammatory states in the spleen. Quantitative amino-acids (AA) adequacy is pivotal to maintain cell integrity in mammals. Aged mice feed with balanced essential-AA (EAA) formulation improved mitochondrial biogenesis and morphological and molecular changes in many organs, as well as increased lifespan. Here, we evaluated the inflammatory state of the spleen in aged male mice (fifteen months old) chronically fed for twelve months with a particular EAA-rich diet compared to a standard laboratory diet. This study found that chronic consumption of an EAA-rich diet decreased inflammation and modulated reticular and mitochondrial chaperones, mitochondrial function and cells survival, maintaining the correct architecture of the spleen. These changes could also be beneficial for immune system integrity, providing a possible theoretical-speculative basis for the role of EAA improving the quality of life of the elderly by probably slowing immune-senescence
Acute caffeine administration decreased NOS and Bcl2 expression in rat skeletal muscles.
No full textCaffeine (Caf) is largely used to delay fatigue, improving physical
activity. However, its role remains elusive, and there are no hemodynamic or immunohistochemical data regarding its effects on skeletal muscle. We studied the hemodynamic and NOS expression of Bax/Bcl2 in skeletal muscle after single Caf administration. Thirty-two male rats were divided into six groups: the first was iv-injected with Caf (16 mg/kg), the second with Caf + L-NAME, the third with Caf + L-arg, the fourth with Caf + L-NAME+ L-arg, fifth with saline. Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) was monitored for 30, then the animals were killed. The sixth
group was injected with Caf and killed after 2 h. The quadriceps were isolated and processed by immunohistochemistry. We found that Caf increased MAP temporarily, while Caf + L-NAME increased it for a longer period. In untreated muscle, all NOS isoforms was expressed with different intensity and localisation, and Bcl2 was strongly expressed among the myofibrils. In Caf and Caf + L-NAME treated animals, NOS expression was lost; Bcl2 expression decreased among myofibrils but increased
inside the subsarcolemma. The L-arg administration reversed these Caf and L-NAME effects. Two hours after Caf, NOS expression increased.We concluded that improved physical performance could be related to Caf’s ability to interfere with the endogenous muscular synthesis of NO
Metabolic syndrome increases cardiomyocytes stress in human heart after cardio-pulmonary bypass
No full textAngiotensin receptor blockers improve insulin signalling and reduce microvascular rarefaction in the skeletal muscle of spontaneously hypertensive rats
No full textIs the Response of Tumours Dependent on the Dietary Input of Some Amino Acids or Ratios among Essential and Non-Essential Amino Acids? All That Glitters Is Not Gold
No full textEnergy production is the main task of the cancer cell metabolism because the costs of duplicating are enormous. Although energy is derived in cells by dismantling the carbon-to-carbon bonds of any macronutrient, cancer nutritional needs for energetic purposes have been studied primarily as being dependent on glycolysis. Since the end of the last century, the awareness of the dependence of cancer metabolism on amino acids not only for protein synthesis but also to match energy needs has grown. The roles of specific amino acids such as glutamine, glycine and serine have been explored in different experimental conditions and reviewed. Moreover, epidemiological evidence has revealed that some amino acids used as a supplement for therapeutic reasons, particularly the branched-chain ones, may reduce the incidence of liver cancer and a specific molecular mechanism has been proposed as functional to their protective action. By contrast and puzzling clinicians, the metabolomic signature of some pathologies connected to an increased risk of cancer, such as prolonged hyperinsulinemia in insulin-resistant patients, is identified by elevated plasma levels of the same branched-chain amino acids. Most recently, certain formulations of amino acids, deeply different from the amino acid compositions normally present in foods, have shown the power to master cancer cells epigenetically, slowing growth or driving cancer cells to apoptotic death, while being both beneficial for normal cell function and the animal’s health and lifespan. In this review, we will analyze and try to disentangle some of the many knots dealing with the complexities of amino acid biology and links to cancer metabolism
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