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sj-pdf-1-tia-10.1177_23312165231182289 - Supplemental material for Capturing Visual Attention With Perturbed Auditory Spatial Cues
No full textSupplemental material, sj-pdf-1-tia-10.1177_23312165231182289 for Capturing Visual Attention With Perturbed Auditory Spatial Cues by Chiara Valzolgher, Mariam Alzaher, Valérie Gaveau, Aurélie Coudert, Mathieu Marx, Eric Truy, Pascal Barone, Alessandro Farnè and Francesco Pavani in Trends in Hearing</p
Percent change in orientation tuning width vs. percent change in tuned response amplitude.
No full text<p>In these scatter plots, the <i>x</i>-axis represents percent change in tuned response amplitude and the <i>y</i>-axis represents percent change in HWHH. A. Medium vs. high contrast, mixed contrasts condition. B. Low vs. high contrast, mixed contrasts condition. C. Low vs. medium contrast, mixed contrasts condition. In these three scatter plots, most data points are located in the quadrant delimited by 0 and 100% on both x and y axis, indicating that most cells showed both reduced response amplitude and reduced HWHH when contrast was decreased. However, the two variables were not significantly correlated. D. Medium vs. high contrast, constant contrast condition. E. Low vs. high contrast, constant contrast condition. F. Low vs. medium contrast, constant contrast condition. In the scatter plots in E and F, most data points can be found in the quadrant delimited by 0 and 100% on both x and y axes, indicating that most cells showed both reduced response amplitude and reduced HWHH when contrast was decreased. This is not the case for the scatter plot in D, reflecting the fact that orientation tuning width was not different, on average, between medium and high contrast after adaptation. There is, however, a significant inverse relationship between the two variables in this case. The line corresponds to the linear relationship between the two variables.</p
Orientation tuning with different contrasts in mixed and constant contrast blocks, additional examples.
No full text<p>Symbols represent the mean firing rate for each orientation and contrast, and the lines correspond to the von Mises (A, B, E, F) or Gauss (C, D) equations fitted to the orientation-response data. Inset shows fitted lines normalized to the same preferred orientation and to the same height, to facilitate comparison of tuning widths. A. For this cell, contrast, in the mixed contrasts condition, had little effect on orientation tuning width, although response amplitude depended strongly on contrast. Contrasts were 11.3, 16 and 22.6%. HWHH were 20.1, 21.1 and 21.9 deg for low, medium and high contrasts, respectively. B. For the same cell, orientation tuning width was also little affected by contrast in the constant contrast blocks. HWHH were 19.3, 20.2 and 22.4 deg for low, medium and high contrasts, respectively. C. This cell showed, in the mixed contrasts condition, reduced tuning width with low contrast stimuli compared to high or medium contrast stimuli. Contrasts were 22.6, 32 and 64%. HWHH were 20.7, 29.2 and 31.2 deg for low, medium and high contrasts, respectively. D. After matched adaptation (constant contrast), the range of HWHH appears to be less wide. HWHH were 26.7, 28.7 and 32.1 deg for low, medium and high contrasts, respectively. E. No significant response was obtained in this cell with low contrast stimuli (35%) in the mixed contrasts block. The tuning curve obtained with high contrast (90%) was broader (HWHH: 20.9 deg) than the tuning curve obtained with medium contrast (50%, HWHH: 13.2 deg). F. Despite adaptation to matched contrasts, the same cell shows differences in HWHH between low (11.6 deg), medium (16.6 deg) and high (20.85 deg) contrasts.</p
Projections of the gradients for face processing, X axis.
No full text<p>Clusters are ranged in the direction of the <i>increase</i> of the X coordinate for the positive projections and of the <i>decrease</i> of the X coordinate for the negative projections of the gradient (the corresponding columns highlighted).</p
Projections of the gradients for face processing, Z axis.
No full text<p>Clusters are ranged in the direction of the <i>increase</i> of the Z coordinate for the positive projections and of the <i>decrease</i> of the Z coordinate for the negative projections of the gradient (the corresponding columns highlighted).</p
Illustration of divergence and gradients in a single brain slice of one subject during face processing.
No full text<p>(A) The levels of divergence in a brain slice as coded by the white-black scale. (B) Each voxel in the slice is presented by an arrow – the direction of the arrow reflects the direction of the fastest change of the signal, the size of the arrow reflects the size of this change. These arrows are gradient vectors in each voxel. (C) The magnified part of B. where gradient vectors diverge. (D) The magnified part of B. where gradient vectors converge.</p
Distribution histograms of contrast adaptation time constants.
No full text<p>Adaptation time constants were determined from single exponential curves fitted to PSTHs obtained with high (upper histogram), medium (middle histogram) and low (lower histogram) contrasts in constant contrast blocks, as exemplified in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0004781#pone-0004781-g001" target="_blank">Fig. 1A</a>.</p
Tuned response amplitude, half-width at half-height and relative untuned response amplitude at different contrasts, in mixed or constant contrasts conditions.
No full text<p>For each column, “n” indicates the number of cells with significant response and acceptable orientation tuning fit (see <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0004781#s2" target="_blank">methods</a>). For each parameter, the numbers on the top row are the median and the interquartile (between brackets). The numbers on the bottom row correspond to the mean±1 standard deviation.</p
Projections of the gradient vectors on the X, Y and Z axes for face processing.
No full text<p>Positive projections are indicated in red and negative projections in blue (p(uncor)<0.001 for illustration purposes).</p
Changes in relative untuned response amplitude with different contrasts.
No full text<p>A. Cumulative distribution for the three contrasts in the mixed contrasts condition. The RURA expresses the proportion of response amplitude that lacks orientation selectivity, relative to the total response amplitude. Values close to zero indicate null response to the orientation orthogonal to the preferred one. Values less than zero indicate firing rates lower than spontaneous activity, suggesting cross-orientation suppression. Values larger than zero indicate responses to orthogonal stimuli. B. Distribution of differences in RURA with different contrasts, in the mixed contrasts condition. Upper histogram: RURA obtained with high contrast minus RURA obtained with medium contrast. Middle histogram: RURA obtained with high contrast minus RURA obtained with low contrast. Lower histogram: RURA obtained with medium contrast minus RURA obtained with low contrast. At the population level, a significant difference was observed between high and medium contrast only, with larger RURA, on average, at high contrast. C. Cumulative distributions for each of the three contrasts, for the constant contrast blocks. D. Distribution of differences in RURA with different contrasts, for the constant contrast blocks. RURA values obtained with high contrast were significantly larger than those obtained with either medium (upper histogram) or low contrast (middle histogram). RURA did not differ between medium and low contrasts (lower histogram). We did not test differences in RURA at the single cell level as RURA calculation combines two parameters, each with its own associated standard error.</p
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