181 research outputs found
Supplemental material for Using a person-generated mental health outcome measure in large clinical trials in Kenya and Pakistan: Self-perceived problem responses in diverse communities
No full textSupplemental Material for Using a person-generated mental health outcome measure in large clinical trials in Kenya and Pakistan: Self-perceived problem responses in diverse communities by Melissa Harper Shehadeh, Edith van’t Hof World Health Organization Alison Schafer World Vision International, UK Mark van Ommeren World Health Organization Saeed Farooq Lady Reading Hospital, Pakistan Syed Usman Hamdani Human Development Research Foundation, Pakistan Phiona Koyiet World Vision Kenya Parveen Akhtar, Aqsa Masood, Huma Nazir Human Development Research Foundation, Pakistan Dawson Katie University of New South Wales Emiliano Albanese in Transcultural Psychiatry</p
Exploring Type II Diabetes Inhibitors from Genus Daphne Plant-species: An Integrated Computational Study
No full textBackground: Plant species of the genus Daphne clasps a historical background with a potential source of bioactive phytochemicals such as flavonoids and daphnodorins. These compounds manifest a significant chemotaxonomic value in drug discovery. Their flair comprehensive pharmacological, phytochemical, biological, catalytic, and clinical utilities make them exclusively unique. This study was conducted to investigate the optimization and structure-based virtual screening of these peculiar analogs. The majority of the active constituents of medicines are obtained from natural products. Previously, before the invention of virtual screening methods or techniques, almost 80% of drugs were obtained from natural resources. Comparing reported data to drug discovery from 1981 to 2007 signifies that half of the FDA-approved drugs are obtained from natural resources. It has been reported that structures of natural products that have particularities of structural diversity, biochemical specification, and molecular properties make them suitable products for drug discovery. These products basically have unique chiral centers which increase their structural complexity than the synthesized drugs. Method: This work aimed to probe the use of daphnodorins analogs for the first time as antidiabetic inhibitors based on significant features and to determine the potential of daphnodorin analogs as antidiabetic inhibitors through computational analysis and structure-based virtual screening. A dataset of 38 compounds was selected from different databases, including PubChem and ZINC, for computational analysis, and optimized compounds were docked against various co-crystallized structures of inhibitors, antagonists, and receptors which were downloaded from PDB by using AutoDock Vina (by employing Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno method), Discovery studio visualizer 2020, PYMOL (Schrodinger). Docking results were further validated by Molecular dynamic simulation and MM-GBSA calculation. Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) was reported by using Gaussian 09W by intimating Density Functional Theory (DFT). Using this combination of multi-approach computational strategy, 14 compounds were selected as potential exclusive lead compounds, which were analyzed through ADMET studies to pin down their druglike properties and toxicity. Result: At significant phases of drug design approaches regular use of molecular docking has helped to promote the separation of important representatives from 38 pharmaceutically active compounds by setting a threshold docking score of -9.0 kcal/mol which was used for their exposition. Subsequently, by employing a threshold it was recognized that 14 compounds proclaimed this threshold for antidiabetic activity. Further, molecular dynamic simulation, MM-GBSA, ADMET, and DFT results screened out daphnegiralin B4 (36) as a potential lead compound for developing antidiabetic agents. Conclusion: Our analysis took us to the conclusion that daphnegiralin B4 (36) among all ligands comes out to be a lead compound having drug-like properties among 38 ligands being non-carcinogenic and non-cytotoxic which would benefit the medical community by providing significant drugs against diabetes. Pragmatic laboratory investigations identified a new precursor to open new doors for new drug discovery
Climate Change Photographs in Online Newspapers: A Visual Content Analysis
No full text10-33Climate change has emerged as the most pressing concern for
humankind, given the rapidly depleting natural resources and
burgeoning issues of pollution and waste posing a grave threat to
the planet’s survival. While the magnitude of the problem has
grown exponentially, there has also been a slight increase in the
quantum of discussion on climate change in social circles. News
media bear the onus of not only reporting on climate change to
spread awareness, but they’re in fact educators for a large part of
the population. Photographs embedded in news stories have a
profound effect on the audiences in that they immediately reduce
the distance between the readers and ground zero. These
photographs are chosen with great precision by editors, in order to
evoke the desired sentiment. These news photographs can also
have far-reaching effects on the promotion of gender equality,
which is a key concern in sustainable development.
Objective: The present study has been designed to conduct a
visual content analysis of photographs incorporated in climate
change news stories in mainstream online newspapers in India.
Online newspapers have been incorporated owing to the growing
propensity of a large populace to receive their news through
digital devices like smart phones, laptops and tablets. It would
help in examining the climate change imagery being employed by
online newspapers, which goes a long way in shaping readers’
perceptions about the burning issue.
Methodology: The newspapers chosen are the online editions of
The Hindu, The Hindustan Times, and The Times of India,
keeping in view their wide reach and popularity. The newspapers
are scanned for climate change stories over a period of two
months (December 2020 and January 2021) with the analysis. The stories with keywords ‘climate’, ‘climate change’ or
‘global warming’ in the headline or lead paragraph were selected
for data collection.
The corpus of images thus obtained is quantified and analysed
to ascertain the depiction of gender in terms of activity. Further,
the data is scrutinised from several perspectives, ranging from
analysing gender representation in the stories from various
sources (internal staff, or national/international news agencies) to
the spectrum of topics covered.
Implications: The study follows a unique approach as it inspects
the climate change imagery along several dimensions not
undertaken hitherto by any other study. It would also be pertinent
to understand the visual representation of gender in people’s daily
dose of online news, which has strong agenda-setting influences
on society
A Study of the Coverage of Environment and Sustainable Development in Indian English Dailies
No full textThe significance of the print medium as an effective form of mass communication has been
widely researched and recognized. It has been playing an important role in transforming and
educating the society. Newspapers are the primary print media that have been established to
have strong agenda setting potential. Newspapers require a higher degree of attention from
the readers as compared to other media, thus creating a long lasting impact on their minds.
Newspapers have been instrumental in covering developmental themes in addition to other
paramount issues. The earth’s environment has been witnessing continuous change with the
passage of time. With technological advances and unprecedented consumption of natural
resources, environmental conservation and sustainable development have assumed importance
like never before. In the wake of rising concerns about sensitizing the public and spreading
awareness about conserving the environment, the role played by media, particularly
newspapers, has become undisputable. The present study is designed to analyze the way
print media has been handling its responsibility in highlighting the actual cause behind the
issues of environment. The coverage given to the environmental issues and sustainable
development by major English dailies in India will be quantified and analysed to ascertain
how much importance these issues are receiving at the hands of print media. The paper will
also analyze the themes reported by these newspapers to attain sustainable development.</jats:p
Evaluation of psychometric properties of Tinetti performance-oriented mobility assessment scale in subjects with knee osteoarthritis
No full textAbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study was to determine the psychometric properties of the Tinetti Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA) scale to measure balance and gait impairments in individuals with knee osteoarthritis (OA).MethodsA convenient sample of 25 individuals with bilateral OA knee were recruited. The convergent validity was determined by correlation analysis between scores of Berg Balance Scale (BBS) with balance subscale (POMA-B) and the Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT) with gait subscale (POMA-G). The intrarater reliability [intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC 3,1)], the Bland–Altman plots limits of agreement (LOA), the standard error of measurement (SEM), minimum detectable change (MDC) and ceiling/floor effects were determined.ResultsScore of BBS was significantly correlated with POMA-B scores, rs = 0.63, p = 0.001, whereas TUGT showed a negative correlation with POMA-G, rs = −0.481, p = 0.020, showing moderate convergent validity. ICC results of the total POMA scale (POMA-T), POMA-B, and POMA-G were 0.96, 0.93, and 0.96, respectively, indicating high test retest reliability. SEM, for POMA-T, POMA-B, and POMA-G was 0.35, 0.27, and 0.35, respectively; MDC values were 0.97 for POMA-T, 0.75 for POMA-B, and 0.63 for POMA-G.ConclusionThe findings indicate that the POMA is a valid and reliable tool to assess balance and gait impairments in people with OA knee
Climate Change Photographs in Online Newspapers: A Gender Representation Perspective
No full textBackground: Climate change has emerged as the most pressing concern for humankind, given the rapidly depleting natural resources and burgeoning issues of pollution and waste posing grave threat to the planet’s survival. News media bear the onus of not only reporting on climate change to spread awareness, but they’re in fact educators for a large part of the population. Photographs embedded in news stories have a profound effect on the audiences in that they immediately reduce the distance between the readers and ground zero.Objective: The present study has been designed to conduct a visual content analysis of photographs incorporated in climate change news stories in mainstream online newspapers in India. Online newspapers have been incorporated owing to the growing propensity of a large populace to receive their news through digital devices like smartphones, laptops and tablets. SIt would help in examining the climate change imagery being employed by the online newspapers, which goes a long way in shaping readers’ perceptions about the burning issue.Methodology: The newspapers chosen are the online editions of The Hindu, The Hindustan Times, and The Times of India, keeping in view their wide reach and popularity. The newspapers are scanned for climate change stories over a period of two months (December 2020 and January 2021) with the accompanying photograph each the news story as the unit of analysis. The stories with key words ‘climate’, ‘climate change’ or ‘global warming’ in the headline or lead paragraph were selected for data collection.The corpus of images thus obtained is quantified and analyzed to ascertain the depiction of gender in terms of activity. Further, the data is scrutinized from several perspectives, ranging from analysing gender representation in the stories from various sources (internal staff, or national/international news agencies) to the spectrum of topics covered.Implications: The study follows a unique approach as it inspects gender portrayal along several dimensions not undertaken hitherto by any other study. It would be pertinent to understand the visual representation of gender in people’s daily dose of online news, which has strong agenda-setting influences on the society
Visual Framing and News Media: An Analysis of Contemporary Research
No full textThe present study endeavours to explore the concept of visual framing in news media. Consulting an extensive literature regarding visual framing, the study attempts to understand how visuals work and how they have been used by news media to frame messages
What Does It Mean to be Othered?
Get PDFIn this essay, the author describes how being a Muslim-American shaped her sense of being other
An exploration of disinfection by-products formation and governing factors in chlorinated swimming pool water
No full textThis paper investigates disinfection by-products (DBPs) formation and their relationship with governing factors in chlorinated swimming pools. The study compares concentrations of DBPs with WHO guidelines for drinking water quality recommended to screen swimming pool water quality. The statistical analysis is based on a global database of 188 swimming pools accumulated from 42 peer-reviewed journal publications from 16 countries. The mean and standard deviation of dichloroacetic acid and trichloroacetic acid were estimated as 282±437 and 326±517 μg L 1, respectively, which most often surpassed the WHO guidelines. Similarly, more than half of the examined pools had higher values of chloral hydrate (102±128 μg L 1). The concentration of total chloramines (650±490 μg L 1) was well above the WHO guidelines in all reported cases. Nevertheless, the reported values remained below the guidelines for most of the studied pools in the case of total trihalomethanes (134±160 μg L 1), dichloroacetonitrile (12±12 μg L 1) and dibromoacetonitrile (8 ±11 μg L 1). Total organic carbon, free residual chlorine, temperature, pH, total nitrogen and bromide ions play a pivotal role in DBPs formation processes. Therefore, proper management of these governing factors could significantly reduce DBPs formation, thereby, contributing towards a healthy swimming pool environment.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Sanitary Engineerin
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