18,399 research outputs found
ADAM SMITH'S OPTIMISTIC TELEOLOGICAL VIEW OF HISTORY
No full textAdam Smith's four-stage theory provides the framework for his writings on history. The fourth stage is the commercial epoch; the culmination of history in this stage is a key component in the conventional interpretation of Adam Smith as a prophet of commercialism. In two historical case studies Smith shows the capacity of commercial society to regenerate itself. This potent capacity suggests that commercial society is inevitable. At a certain point in time it also overcomes the major obstacles to its permanence. Smith's philosophy of history anticipates the end of history views of Kant and Hegel.Political Economy,
How Might Adam Smith Pay Professors Today?
No full textAdam Smith’s proposal for paying professors was intended to induce increased faculty knowledge. If students have imperfect information about what they learn, and universities can only imperfectly measure the input of faculty time in student learning, publications may be used to measure faculty knowledge. If professors’ ability to publish is positively related to their ability to produce student learning, which universities can imperfectly measure, publications may be necessary to attract more able professors. Since research signals faculty knowledge, schools that do not value publications per se could require higher publication standards and pay higher wages than schools that value only publications.
ADAM SMITH'S VIEW OF HISTORY: CONSISTENT OR PARADOXICAL?
No full textThe conventional interpretation of Adam Smith is that he is a prophet of commercialism. The liberal capitalist reading of Smith is consistent with the view that history culminates in commercial society. The first part of the article develops this optimistic interpretation of Smith's view of history. Smith implies that commercial society is the end of history because 1) it supplies the ends of nature that he identifies; 2) it is inevitable; and 3) it is permanent. The second part of the article shows that Smith has some dark moments in his writings where he seems to reject completely such teleological notions. In this more civic humanist mood he confesses that commercial society does not supply the ends of nature, nor is it inevitable, nor is it permanent. Both views exist in Smith and the commentator is forced to choose between passages in Smith's work in order to support a particular interpretation of the former's view of history.Political Economy,
Adam Smith and Roman Servitudes
No full textThis essay is a preprint of an article that appeared at: Tijdschrift voor Rechstsgeschiedenis, 72 (2004), 327–57.This essay discusses Adam Smith historical jurisprudence and his use of Roman law materials in his Lectures on Jurisprudence. It argues that Smith found it difficult to maintain his theory of legal development in the face of a highly developed body of Roman law literature
Nombres de Betti virtuels des ensembles symétriques par arcs et équivalence de Nash après éclatements
No full textL'objet de la thèse est d'utiliser, en géométrie algébrique réelle, l'intégration motivique, une théorie développée par J. Denef et F. Loeser, dans le but de construire des invariants pour les singularités analytiques. Cette théorie de l'intégration motivique nécessite la connaissance de caractéristiques d'Euler généralisées pour les variétés algébriques réelles, c'est-à-dire d'invariants additifs et multiplicatifs qui permettent de construire des mesures calculables sur les espaces d'arcs. Or, si on dispose en géométrie algébrique complexe de bonnes caractéristiques d'Euler généralisées, ce n'est pas le cas en géométrie algébrique réelle. En effet la seule connue, mais peu utilisable, est la caractéristique d'Euler à supports compacts. Dans cette thèse, nous construisons un tel invariant pour une catégorie d'ensembles plus large, les ensembles symétriques par arcs, généralisant un résultat de C. McCrory et A. Parusinski. Cet invariant algébrique, appelé polynôme de Poincaré virtuel et construit à partir de nombres de Betti virtuels, est de plus invariant par isomorphismes de Nash. On applique alors l'intégration motivique, avec la mesure provenant du polynôme de Poincaré virtuel, pour étudier les germes de fonctions analytiques réelles. On construit en particulier des fonctions zêta, suivant les travaux de J. Denef et F. Loeser, que l'on prouve être des invariants pour un cas particulier de la relation d'équivalence analytique après éclatements, appelée l'équivalence de Nash après éclatements. On énonce de plus, concernant cette nouvelle relation entre germes de fonction analytiques réelles, un résultat de trivialisation pour une famille ayant de bonnes propriétés algébriques.Motivic integration, a theory recently developped by J. Denef and F. Loeser, is a powerful tool for constructing invariants of singularities. However it necessitates, in order to construct measures for this integration, to known generalized Euler characteristics, that is additive and multiplicative invariants at the level of varieties. In the setting of real algebraic geometry, such generalized Euler characteristics does not abound whereas it is the case in complex algebraic geometry. We construct in this Ph. D. thesis such an invariant, called the virtual Poincaré polynomial, for the larger category or arc-symmetric sets, generalizing a result of C. McCrory and A. Parusinski. We prove that this virtual Poincaré polynomial is moreover an invariant for Nash isomorphisms between arc-symmetric sets. This enables us, following the work of J. Denef and F. Loeser, to construct zeta functions for a real analytic function germ. In particular, we can state a formula for these zeta functions in terms of a modification of the germ.The main result about these zeta functions is that they are invariants for the blow-Nash equivalence between real analytic fnnction germs, which is a particular case of the blow-analytic equivalence due to T.-C. Kuo. Moreover, we prove a triviality result concerning the blow-Nash equivalence, whose proof requires new techiques because of the particularity of the Nash setting.ANGERS-BU Lettres et Sciences (490072106) / SudocSudocFranceF
REGULAR SUBANALYTIC COVERS
No full textIn Sub- analytic sheaves and Sobolev spaces, Stéphane Guillermou, Gilles Lebeau, Adam Parusiński, Pierre Schapira and Jean-Pierre Schneiders, Astérisque 234, 2016, à paraîtreLet U be an open relatively compact subanalytic subset of a real analytic manifold M . We show that there exists a “finite linear covering” (in the sense of Guillermou- Schapira) of U by subanalytic open subsets of U homeomorphic to an open ball.We also show that the characteristic function of U can be written as a finite linear combination of characteristic functions of open relatively compact subanalytic subsets of M homeomorphic, by subanalytic and bi-lipschitz maps, to an open ball
THE THEOLOGICAL FOUNDATION OF ADAM SMITH'S WORK
No full textThe paper will discuss the theological foundation to Smith's writings. Teleology, final causes and divine design were initially seen as central to understanding Smith's writings. Over time, this view fell out of fashion. In the period after World War II, with the rise of positivism, commentators tended to overlook or downplay this interpretation. In the last decade, or so, teleology has started to be restored to its former position as an essential element in understanding Smith. After spelling out Smith's teleology and his view of final causes, divine design and the ends of nature, we try to explain the Panglossian nature of the 'new theistic view' of Smith. While our view differs somewhat, we agree with the essence of the 'new view' claim: a theological view exists in Smith which underpins his moral and economic theories.Political Economy,
Interview. Matthew Joseph with Adam Gussow, musician and author
No full textInterview in which Adam Gussow discusses hill country blues musi
Książę Adam Jerzy Czartoryski i jego stronnicy w świetle historiografii ukraińskiej
No full textIn 1937, the Warsaw historian Marceli Handelsman published a work entitled Ukraińska polityka
ks. Adama Czartoryskiego przed wojną krymską [Ukrainian politics of Prince Adam Czartoryski
before the Crimean War]. So far, this book has been used by historians as the primary source of
information on the Ukrainian issue in the views of the Hotel Lambert’s leader. The author of this
text has decided to collect Ukrainian works referring to the topic inaugurated by Handelsman. Unfortunately, no larger study has been prepared on the Ukrainian side. However, a number of articles
and encyclopaedic notes showing Prince Adam and his Eastern policy (especially during his stay
at the court of Tsar Alexander I Romanov) has been published. Ukrainian authors paid much more
attention to Czartoryski’s associates, who tried to put his ideas into practice. Ukrainian researchers
wrote mainly about Michał Czaykowski (Sadyk Pasha) organizing the Cossack troops in the Ottoman Empire, about Hipolit Terlecki striving for the union of the Orthodox and Roman Catholic
Churches, and finally about the ethnographer and writer Franciszek Duchiński clearly separating
Ukraine from Russia in his writings
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