196 research outputs found
Framing and Vaccine Hesitant Populations
No full textThis dataset is related to the ongoing research on how framing of vaccines in a DCE context influences uptake as a function of attitudes
GPU-accelerated depth map generation for X-ray simulations of complex CAD geometries
No full textInteractive x-ray simulations of complex computer-aided design (CAD) models can provide valuable insights for better interpretation of the defect signatures such as porosity from x-ray CT images. Generating the depth map along a particular direction for the given CAD geometry is the most compute-intensive step in x-ray simulations. We have developed a GPU-accelerated method for real-time generation of depth maps of complex CAD geometries. We preprocess complex components designed using commercial CAD systems using a custom CAD module and convert them into a fine user-defined surface tessellation. Our CAD module can be used by different simulators as well as handle complex geometries, including those that arise from complex castings and composite structures. We then make use of a parallel algorithm that runs on a graphics processing unit (GPU) to convert the finely-tessellated CAD model to a voxelized representation. The voxelized representation can enable heterogeneous modeling of the volume enclosed by the CAD model by assigning heterogeneous material properties in specific regions. The depth maps are generated from this voxelized representation with the help of a GPU-accelerated ray-casting algorithm. The GPU-accelerated ray-casting method enables interactive (> 60 frames-per-second) generation of the depth maps of complex CAD geometries. This enables arbitrarily rotation and slicing of the CAD model, leading to better interpretation of the x-ray images by the user. In addition, the depth maps can be used to aid directly in CT reconstruction algorithms.This proceeding may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and AIP Publishing. This proceeding appeared in Grandin, Robert J., Gavin Young, Stephen D. Holland, and Adarsh Krishnamurthy. "GPU-accelerated depth map generation for X-ray simulations of complex CAD geometries." In AIP Conference Proceedings, vol. 1949, no. 1, p. 190002. AIP Publishing LLC, 2018, and may be found at
DOI: 10.1063/1.5031636.
Copyright 2018 Author(s).
Posted with permission
Incorporation of composite defects from ultrasonic NDE into CAD and FE models
No full textFiber-reinforced composites are widely used in aerospace industry due to their combined properties of high strength and low weight. However, owing to their complex structure, it is difficult to assess the impact of manufacturing defects and service damage on their residual life. While, ultrasonic testing (UT) is the preferred NDE method to identify the presence of defects in composites, there are no reasonable ways to model the damage and evaluate the structural integrity of composites. We have developed an automated framework to incorporate flaws and known composite damage automatically into a finite element analysis (FEA) model of composites, ultimately aiding in accessing the residual life of composites and make informed decisions regarding repairs. The framework can be used to generate a layer-by-layer 3D structural CAD model of the composite laminates replicating their manufacturing process. Outlines of structural defects, such as delaminations, are automatically detected from UT of the laminate and are incorporated into the CAD model between the appropriate layers. In addition, the framework allows for direct structural analysis of the resulting 3D CAD models with defects by automatically applying the appropriate boundary conditions. In this paper, we show a working proof-of-concept for the composite model builder with capabilities of incorporating delaminations between laminate layers and automatically preparing the CAD model for structural analysis using a FEA software.This proceeding may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and AIP Publishing. This proceeding appeared in Bingol, Onur Rauf, Bryan Schiefelbein, Robert J. Grandin, Stephen D. Holland, and Adarsh Krishnamurthy. "Incorporation of composite defects from ultrasonic NDE into CAD and FE models." AIP Conference Proceedings 1806, no. 1, (2017): 150004. , and may be found at DOI: 10.1063/1.4974728. Posted with permission.</p
Optogenetic control of developmental signaling pathways
No full textHow a complex multicellular organism forms from a single cell is a question that defies simplistic understanding. Yet, embryonic developmental programs use a surprisingly small set of signaling pathways to pattern the embryonic tissue into germ layers from which the various tissues and organs emerge. A hallmark of embryonic development is that these recurring developmental signaling pathways are carefully orchestrated in space and time to facilitate proper development. Understanding the spatiotemporal intricacies of these pathways necessitates tools which enable their perturbation in precisely defined spatiotemporal patterns. Optogenetics uses light-induced conformational changes to enable or disable protein-protein interactions, thereby permitting control of signal transduction at the flip of a switch. Consequently, light is emerging as a powerful tool to study embryonic development owing to its rapid, reversible and residue-free application, which empowers the researcher with excellent spatial and temporal control of signaling. Here, I first review recent accomplishments in optical microscopy and optogenetics which highlight the dual roles of light in visualizing as well as perturbing cellular microenvironments and processes. Second, I present an optogenetic approach to control the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway which we successfully applied in both neuroblasts and frog embryos. Third, I demonstrate an optogenetic approach to control the Wnt signaling pathway in mammalian cells and frog embryos. Finally, I propose and provide working proof for a generalizable optogenetic platform to control those developmental signaling pathways, the activities of which involve the homo-association of plasma membrane-localized receptor tyrosine kinases.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2021-12-01The student, Vishnu Vardhan Krishnamurthy, accepted the attached license on 2019-11-27 at 10:27.The student, Vishnu Vardhan Krishnamurthy, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2019-11-27 at 10:29.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2019-12-04 at 10:19.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #14554 on 2020-02-28 at 17:36:14Made available in DSpace on 2020-03-02T22:38:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3
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Previous issue date: 2019-12-04Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 113989
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ESSAYS ON SELLING AND SALES INCENTIVES
No full textU.S. firms spend around $800 billion annually on sales force. This is four times the amount that is spent on advertising (Zoltners et al. 2012). However, research in the area of sales does not match these numbers. In this dissertation, first, I examine how the revolution in data availability has changed the salesperson-customer interaction. Then, I examine the framing of noncash incentives and how to maximize the effectiveness of noncash incentives.
Essay 1 examines how the ready availability of information about purchase options has shifted the point at which customers make purchase decisions. Customers often come into the sales interaction knowing what they want (i.e., have higher preference certainty). Yet companies continue to base their selling strategies, spending billions of dollars, on a model of the customer decision process that is predicated on low preference certainty. Therefore, understanding the impact of customer preference certainty on the efficacy of the traditional selling paradigm is crucial. Through an extensive field study spanning four months across 15 different stores of a durable goods retailer and two experiments, I examine the consequences of this shift toward higher preference certainty for the practice of selling. Drawing on the theory of cognitive dissonance and adaptive selling, they find that a lack of consideration of the shift in customer decision making can hurt both salespeople and customers. Specifically, they find that ignoring customer preference certainty and unconditionally employing tactics that involve educating and challenging customers can have negative repercussions on purchase probability and sales revenue.
Essay 2 investigates the framing of noncash incentives. Most firms have a points-based bonus system for incentivizing their sales force that enables salespeople to exchange earned points for prizes. These noncash incentive programs effectively frame their prizes as something to be gained. This practice of gain framing noncash incentives stands at odds with a core insight from prospect theory that framing an item as a loss should be more motivating than framing it as a gain, based on the asymmetry in expected utility of the related item under each type of frame. Despite the growing ubiquity of noncash incentives as a tool to motivate the sales force, little is known about their efficacy relative to cash incentives or whether the industry-dominant practice of gain framing noncash incentives is the right approach. Across three studies, I examine the relative efficacy of framing cash and noncash incentives as either gains or losses. Our multimethod approach, featuring a field experiment, a field study, and a lab experiment, provides evidence that loss framing noncash incentives is more effective than gain framing them and, counterintuitively, that noncash incentives can be as effective as cash incentives when loss framed. Of particular managerial importance, I find that an approach as simple as allowing a salesperson to add items to a wish list (a substantially less intrusive loss-framing strategy for noncash incentives than “clawing back” the related items) can be more effective than a traditional points-based system. Furthermore, my analysis suggests that the effectiveness of this wish list approach to loss framing does not noticeably diminish with repeat usage.Marketing and Entrepreneurship, Department o
Attribute Conflict in Consumer Decision Making: The Role of Task Compatibility
No full textPast research holds that a decision between two unattractive alternatives is more difficult than one between two attractive alternatives. We argue that this conclusion may rest on the the task of "choosing" adopted in the past research. A task of choosing requires an attractiveness judgment that is compatible with attractive alternatives but incompatible with unattractive alternatives. We test this thesis by reversing the compatibility using a reject task that requires judgment of unattractiveness. Two studies find that compatibility between alternative valence and task influences decision time, decision difficulty, attribute recall, and effort, underscoring the role of the task in the study of attribute conflict. (c) 2008 by JOURNAL OF CONSUMER RESEARCH, Inc..
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