547 research outputs found
MILLIMETER-WAVE WIRELESS NETWORK-ON-CHIP: A CMOS COMPATIBLE INTERCONNECTION INFRASTRUCTURE FOR FUTURE MANY-CORE PROCESSORS
Get PDFThesis (Ph.D.), School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Washington State UniversityMulti-core platforms are emerging trends in the design of Systems-on-Chip (SoCs). Interconnect fabrics for these multi-core SoCs play a crucial role in achieving the target performance. The Network-on-Chip (NoC) paradigm has been proposed as a promising solution for designing the interconnect fabric of multi-core SoCs. But the performance requirements of NoC infrastructures in future technology nodes cannot be met by relying only on material innovation with traditional scaling. The continuing demand for low power and high speed interconnects with technology scaling necessitates looking beyond the conventional planar metal/dielectric-based interconnect infrastructures. Among different possible alternatives, the on-chip wireless communication network is envisioned as a revolutionary methodology, capable of bringing significant performance gains for multi-core SoCs. Millimeter-wave Wireless NoCs (mWNoCs) can be designed by using miniaturized on-chip antennas as an enabling technology. On-chip CMOS compatible millimeter-wave wireless links provide high bandwidth and low power communication channels over long distances. Hence they can be used to create short cuts between distant cores on the chip to provide fast and efficient traffic freeways. From standard network topologies used in traditional NoCs we move towards nature inspired ones like the Small-World graph. Such topologies inherently have low average inter-core distances and scale very well with increase in size. In this work, design methodologies and technology requirements for scalable mWNoC architectures are presented and their performance is evaluated. It is demonstrated that mWNoCs outperform their wired counterparts in terms of network throughput and latency, and that energy dissipation improves by orders of magnitude under various experimental and real-life scenarios.Department of Electrical Engineering, Washington State Universit
Influence of molecular shape on magnetic field effect on photo-induced geminate radical pair in SDS micellar medium
No full textThe magnetic field effects (MFEs) on the dynamics of the two radical pairs (RPs), one generated by photo-excitation of phenyl pyrilium ion (PP+) in the presence of SDS micelles and an electron donor, biphenyl, and the other similarly generated from a SDS micellar solution of biphenyl and trioxotriangulenium carbocation (OXO+), have been compared. At zero field, the RP (PP·/BP·+) has much higher recombination rate, but much lower escape rate in comparison to the RP (OXO· /BP·+). The field-dependent yields and lifetimes show saturation early ( <0.1 T) in case of the latter, but in case of the former, the saturation does not occur, not even at a field of 5 T. The results have been interpreted in terms of relaxation mechanism (RM) for MFE and expected differences in the location of the guest in the micellar host, which affects the ratio of the rate of recombination to the rate of escape
An investigation on the top burr formation during Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) assisted micromilling of copper
No full textMagnetic field effect on exciplex luminescence: a study of multiple exciplex formation dynamics in biomimicking environment
No full textThe interfacial environment of AOT based reverse micelle (RM), which has similarity with bio-membranes, has been probed by measuring: (1) magnetic field effect (MFE) on Pyrene-DMA exciplex luminescence; (2) wavelength-dependence of the exciplex lifetime. At least two different types of exciplexes have been identified at different locations within the RM interface. Among these, only the red edge component of the emission centered at ~500 nm (Ex500) is field-sensitive. It makes sense to presume that the Ex500 is localized at the mobile zone of the interface while the other field-insensitive one, centered at ~430 nm (Ex430) resides at the immobile zone of the interface. Time resolutions of luminescence at different wavelengths indicate that the field-sensitive exciplex is formed at the expense of Ex430
Magnetic field effect on pyrene-DMA exciplex luminescence in non-aqueous AOT reverse micelle
No full textMagnetic field effect (MFE) on pyrene-DMA exciplex luminescence and exciplex lifetime have been studied in reverse micelle of Aerosol-OT in n-heptane in presence of N,N-dimethylformamide and methanol as the polar solvent at different Ws (Ws = [polar solvent]/[surfactant]) values. It is found that two types of exciplexes are residing at different locations of the non-aqueous reverse micelle. Out of these only the exciplex emitting at longer wavelength is found to be field sensitive. The higher MFE and shorter lifetime of the exciplex in non-aqueous reverse micelle compared to that of aqueous micelle have been explained on the basis of presence of hydrogen bonding and dipolar interaction between the solvent and the polar head group of the micelle
Determination of interfacial dielectric constant of AOT-based reverse micelle by probing magnetic field effect on pyrene-DMA exciplex luminescence
No full textThe effect of magnetic field on the luminescence of pyrene-DMA exciplex confined within the reverse micellar (RM) environment of various cavity sizes is reported. The field-modulated change in luminescence Δφ/φ) at various w values is strikingly similar to the Δφ/φ vs dielectric constant (ε) variation of solvent mixtures which suggests that e of the RM interface is primarily responsible for the variation of magnetic field effect (MFE). The interfacial dielectric constant at different w values may be evaluated on the basis of the above similarity
Phoebe cathia Kostermans 1975
No full text4. <i>Phoebe cathia</i> (D.Don) Kostermans (1975: 44). Fig. 1A <p> Type:— NEPAL. Suembu [Swayambhu], 1 June 1802, fl., <i>F. Buchanan-Hamilton s.n.</i> (lectotype designated here: BM000888338, digital image!; isolectotype: LINN-HS707-42, digital image!).</p> <p> Basionym:— <i>Cinnamomum cathia</i> Don (1825: 66).</p> <p> Homotypic synonyms:— <i>Persea cathia</i> (D.Don) Sprengel (1827: 156).</p> <p> <i>Phoebe cathia</i> (D.Don) Gandhi (1976: 50), <i>nom. illegit.</i></p> <p> Heterotypic synonyms:— <i>Phoebe paniculata</i> (Nees) Nees von Esenbeck (1836: 105).</p> <p> Type:— NEPAL. Without locality, 1821, fr., <i>Wallich</i>, Numer. List No. <i>2598A</i> (lectotype designated here: K001116529, digital image!; isolectotypes: CGE [3 sheets] n.v., E00393292, E00393293, G-DC [G00693531, G00693532], K001116531, K000228474, K000228475, K000228476, LE00012764, digital images!).</p> <p> Basionym:— <i>Ocotea paniculata</i> Nees von Esenbeck (1831: 71).</p> <p> <i>Ocotea paniculata</i> var. <i>minor</i> Nees von Esenbeck (1831: 71), <i>syn. nov.</i></p> <p> Type:— INDIA. Without locality, s.d., fr., <i>R. Wight</i> in <i>Wallich</i>, Numer. List No. <i>2598B</i> (lectotype designated here: K001116530, image!).</p> <p> <i>Phoebe pubescens</i> (Nees) Nees von Esenbeck (1836: 107).</p> <p> Type:— NEPAL.Without locality, s.d., fl., <i>Wallich</i>, Numer. List No. <i>2595</i> (lectotype designated here: K000228472, digital image!). NEPAL. Without locality, s.d., fl., <i>Wallich</i>, Numer. List No. <i>2595</i> (additional syntypes: B 10 027500, B 10 0275001, digital images!, BO herb. acc.no. 1279165 n.v., E00393294, E00393295, G-DC [G00693533], K000228471—right hand side specimen, K000228473, L.1813846, L.1813846, MEL2390405, S-G-3578, digital images!).</p> <p> Basionym:— <i>Ocotea pubescens</i> Nees von Esenbeck (1831: 71).</p> <p> <i>Phoebe paniculata</i> var. <i>pubescens</i> (Nees) Meisner (1864: 38).</p> <p> <i>Phoebe wightii</i> Meisner (1864: 38), <i>syn. nov.</i></p> <p> Type:— INDIA. Tamil Nadu, Nilgiri hills, 1859, fl., <i>G.S. Perrottet 1005</i> (lectotype designated here: G-DC [G00693563, mounted on three sheets], digital images!; isolectotypes: P02008938, P02008939, digital images!). INDIA. Tamil Nadu, Nilgiri hills, 1854, fl., <i>Metz</i> [in Pl. Hohenacker] <i>1337</i> (additional syntypes: AWH n.v., BO herb. acc. no. 1281331 n.v., L.1812324, P 02132232, P02008935, P02008936, P02008937, U.1417552, digital images!). INDIA. Peninsula Indiae Orientalis, s.d., fl., <i>R. Wight</i>, Kew Distrib. No. <i>2523</i> (additional syntypes: BO herb. acc. no. 1279181 n.v., CAL0000033375!, L.1812323, M0147186, MEL2390411, P 02132233, S-G-4811, digital images!).</p> <p> <i>Phoebe prazeri</i> Gangopadhyay (2006: 150), <i>syn. nov.</i></p> <p> Type:— MYANMAR. Lockhoe and Sebong hills, Tummoo hills, 6 July 1890, fl. & immat. fr., <i>J.C. Prazer 138</i> (holotype: CAL0000021975!; isotypes: CAL0000021976!, CAL0000021977!).</p> <p> <i>Phoebe pallida</i> subsp. <i>borii</i> Gangopadhyay <i>et al.</i> (2020: 449), <i>syn. nov.</i></p> <p> Type:— INDIA. Assam, Lakhimpur dist., Mukum, March 1937, fl., <i>N.L. Bor 16578</i> (holotype: ASSAM, digital image!).</p> <p> <i>Trees</i>, 4–15 m high; GBH 15–50 cm; bud scale scars in diffuse clusters along twigs; young shoots yellow to tawny tomentose or rusty villous; branchlets tawny or rusty tomentellous to villous when young, glabrescent. <i>Leaves</i> evenly spaced along twigs and often crowded towards apices of branchlets, elliptic or broadly so to obovate or narrowly oblong-elliptic, 6–22 × 2–8 cm, cuneate to acute or sometimes subacute at base, often curved upwards along margins, apiculate to acuminate (acumen 5–15 mm long, acute, often slender) or occasionally obtuse to rounded at apex, thinly coriaceous to chartaceous, glabrous above, yellow, tawny or greyish tomentellous (especially on veins) beneath, green, brown, blackish or dark reddish brown above when dry, pale green, brown or coppery and sometimes glaucescent beneath; lateral veins 5–10 pairs, prominent above, raised beneath; tertiary veins faint to obscure above, faint to prominent beneath, scalariform to laxly reticulate; veinlets faint to obscure above, inconspicuous to prominent beneath; petioles 5–20 mm long, pubescent to glabrous. <i>Panicles</i> 3–17 cm long, 2–5-branched, 5–many-flowered; axis and branches yellow, greyish, tawny or rusty tomentellous. <i>Flowers:</i> pedicels 2.5–4 mm long, scattered greyish, fulvous or tawny puberulous to tomentellous; tepals ovate, 2.5–4 × 1.3–2 mm, greyish or fulvous puberulous to tomentellous outside, tomentellous inside; stamens 2.5–3.5 mm long; staminodes ca. 1.5 mm long; ovary subglobose, ca. 1.2 mm in diam.; style 1.8–2 mm long; stigma simple. <i>Fruits</i> ovoid, 0.9–1.2 × 0.6–1 cm; fruiting pedicels 3–5 mm long, slightly thickened; fruiting tepals 3.5–4 mm long.</p> <p> <b>Phenology:</b> —Flowering in January to November and fruiting in February to December.</p> <p> <b>Habitat:</b> — Common in peninsular India in wet evergreen and shola forests between 500–2100 m elevations; scarce on the Himalayas in evergreen and warm broad-leaved forests at 1200–1900 m elevations; in evergreen hill forests in Myanmar up to 1200 m elevation.</p> <p> <b>Distribution:</b> — Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, and Vietnam.</p> <p> <b>Specimens examined:—</b> <b>BHUTAN.</b> Near Zimgang, Shongarchu near Mongar, 15 June 1979, fl., <i>A.J.C. Grierson & D.G. Long 1966</i> (E00168491). <b>INDIA.</b> Peninsula Indiae Orientalis, s.d., <i>R. Wight 2236</i> (E00393277 [fr.], E00393278 [fr.], E00393279 [fr.], E00393280 [fr.], E00393282 [fl.], E00393283 [fr.], E01104186 [fr.]). Andhra Pradesh: Visakhapatnam dist., Sunkarimetha, 19 September 1961, fr., <i>N.P. Balakrishnan 688</i> (CAL [2 sheets]). Karnataka: Chikmagalur dist., Bababudan, Santaveri, November 1908, fl., <i>Meebold 10463</i> (E01104188). Hassan dist., Bamalla, 5 February1970, fr., <i>C.J. Saldanha 16213</i> (JCB). Kerala: Palghat dist., Thekkadi to Devicolam, 16 June 1976, fl., <i>Kostermans 26106</i> (L.1812340). Tamil Nadu: Coimbatore dist., Waterfalls estate - Attakatti, 5 July 1961, fl., <i>J. Joseph 12701</i> (MH). Dindigul dist., Kardana estate, 28 November 1988, fr., <i>V. Lakshmanan 89108</i> (BSID0012352); Way to Avalanche, 9 March 1969, fl., <i>D.B. Deb 31548</i> (MH); Shola near view point, Kodanad, 6 June 1971, fl., <i>E. Vajravelu 38285</i> (MH). Kaveri road, 19 January 1957, fl., <i>K.M. Sebastine 2041</i> (CAL, MH); Ooty, June 1886, fl., <i>Gamble 17384</i> (CAL); Kolli hills, Pongakoilshola, 14 April 1977, fl., <i>D.I. Arockiasamy 7585</i> (RHT). <b>LAOS</b>, Khammouan, vicinity of Ban Mak Phueang, 12 February 2005, fl., <i>M.F. Newman et al. 124</i> (P02008742). <b>MYANMAR.</b> Mogok, May 1910, fl., <i>A. Rodger 317</i> (CAL [4 sheets]); ibid., <i>A. Rodger 337</i> (CAL [3 sheets]). <b>NEPAL</b>. Without locality, 16 June 1967, <i>H. Hara et al. s.n.</i> (BM000888311 n.v.). <b>THAILAND</b>. Chiang Mai province, Mae Rim, Mae Sa Mai village, Bong Yaeng subdistrict, 3 March 2004, fl., <i>J.F. Maxwell 94-125</i> (L.3906124). <b>VIETNAM</b>. Kontum province, Dak Mek river to Long Nam village, 17 March 1995, fr., <i>L.V. Averyanov VH832</i> (P02009089).</p> <p> <b>Notes:</b> — Hooker (1886) treated <i>Phoebe wightii</i> as a synonym of <i>P. paniculata</i> (a synonym of <i>P. cathia</i>) and cited wide distribution of the species from Myanmar and Nepal to the Nilgiri hills. However, Gamble (1925) recognized them as distinct species based on several differences. Typical <i>Phoebe wightii</i> would indeed appear to represent a distinct species, apparently differing from <i>P. cathia</i> by the dense tomentum on the petioles and undersurface of the leaves, and the shorter inflorescences with fewer branches bearing fewer flowers. However, examination of wider range of specimens revealed that the two species are clearly connected to each other through intergradations and it is not possible to maintain them as distinct species.</p> <p> <i>Cinnamomum cathia</i> Don (1825: 66) was described based on the collection of Francis Buchanan-Hamilton from Nepal. According to Stafleu & Cowan (1976: 668), the types of the name published in <i>Prodromus Florae Nepalensis</i> are deposited at BM and duplicates at the Smith herbarium of LINN. There are two specimens at BM and LINN and these should be considered as syntypes under Art. 9.6 Ex. 5 (Turland <i>et al</i>. 2018, see also McNeill 2014). The well preserved specimen at BM is designated here as lectotype.</p> <p> As regards the type of <i>Phoebe wightii</i>, in addition to the collection of Perrottet, there are two more sheets at G-DC (barcodes G00693564 and G00693565) bearing annotations by Meisner in one and drawing of anthers on the other but unfortunately the names of the collectors of these specimens are not discernible. Out of several duplicates available for lectotype selection of <i>Ocotea paniculata</i>, a good fruiting specimen K001116529 is chosen here. A profusely flowering specimen K000228472 is selected as lectotype of <i>Ocotea pubescens</i>. As the collection of <i>Wallich 2595</i> is a mixture of three species, the additional materials have been cited as syntypes rather than isolectotypes. <i>Phoebe prazeri</i> was described based on a material with immature fruits, matching well with <i>P. cathia.</i> Mention of the habit as “climber” is possibly incorrect. Gangopadhyay <i>et al.</i> (2020) were possibly confused with the identity of <i>P. pallida</i> subsp. <i>borii</i> because the holotype bears Gangopadhyay’s determination as <i>P. cathia.</i> Examination of the holotype revealed that the same belongs here.</p>Published as part of <i>Chakrabarty, Tapas, Kumar, Anand & Ghoshal, Partha Pratim, 2023, A revision of the genus Phoebe (Lauraceae) in the Indo-Burmese region, pp. 29-42 in Phytotaxa 606 (1)</i> on pages 34-35, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.606.1.3, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/8202297">http://zenodo.org/record/8202297</a>
Factors Predicting Outcome of Trial without Catheter in Patients with Acute Urinary Retention Secondary to Prostatic Enlargement
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