1,721,405 research outputs found
Novel Coronavirus Outbreak and Career Development: A Narrative Approach Into the Meaning for Italian University Graduates
No full textIntroduction: In times of economic crisis, the literature shows that young people have always been in the high-risk category. The COVID-19 outbreak and the consequence on the economic level have increased the sense of uncertainty and precariousness experienced by young people. The current scenario has forced young people at the school-to-work transition point to re-think their career plans. Although the difficulties of the school-to-work transition already lead to distress and mental health problems in young people, the slowdown imposed by the coronavirus could add up to these difficulties. The present study aimed to explore the process of career development and career planning in the coronavirus era. Twenty Italian university graduates were involved. Methods: A quantitative measure was used to evaluate the affective (positive/negative) experience. A narrative prompt was used to understand the individual dimensions of career planning. Cluster analysis was carried out by an unsupervised ascendant hierarchical method to explore the themes of the narration. Results: Italian young adults have tended to experience negative affects in the recent weeks of quarantine. The themes highlighted in the narratives showed that Italian young adults experience feelings of fear, uncertainty, and anxiety about the post-pandemic future. Conclusion: The results appear as a starting point to re-think possible interventions for this group post-lockdown and post-pandemic
Exploring the Role of Sustainable Development Goals in Enhancing Courage, Proactive Career Behaviors, and Life Satisfaction
Full text linkUnderstanding the current challenges addressed in the goals of the 2030 United Nations Agenda can influence career choices, encouraging individuals to pursue careers that contribute positively to addressing them. This study examines the association between the propensity to consider the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in relation to future educational and career paths, courage, proactive career behaviors and life satisfaction, and the mediating role of courage and proactive career behaviors on the association between the propensity to consider the SDGs in relation to future educational and career paths and life satisfaction. The study sample consisted of 314 Italian university students. The serial multiple mediation model was used to examine the direct, indirect, and total effects. The results showed that the propensity to consider SDGs in relation to future educational and career paths, through courage and proactive career behaviors, has a positive impact on life satisfaction. The findings of this study have led to several actionable policy recommendations. These advocate for the integration of activities related to modules on the SDGs into their curricula. In addition, practical implications for career guidance interventions are proposed to consider the role of the SDGs in future career planning
One-hole Green function, momentum distribution and quasiparticle weight of the U to infinity 1D Hubbard model
No full textStarting from the known Lieb and Wu solution of the one-dimension-Hubbard model in the U to infinity limit, the authors show how the spin-charge decoupling of the elementary excitations is responsible for several peculiar features in one-particle properties, such as momentum distribution, quasiparticle weight and the Green function. In particular they analyse in detail the structure of the one-hole Green function at half-filling, which has not been previously calculated by field theory methods due to the breakdown of conformal invariance. A rich structure is found with branch cut singularities at omega =+or-2 sin k but no simple poles. The non-trivial dependence on the momentum of the hole allows for hole propagation although the analytic structure of G(k, omega ) is quite different from that usually characterizing band insulators. These results provide a precise characterization of one-dimensional Mott insulators. The relationship between the branch cuts of the Green function and the finite-size scaling of the quasiparticle weight is also discussed together with its implications for the analysis of numerical data
Youth unemployment and health outcomes: the moderation role of the future time perspective
No full textThe extent to which young people think about the future, called time perspective, and their affective view (positive/negative) was related to their current socioeconomic situation. Specifically, we assessed the relationship between the NEET condition and self-perception of adulthood and health and aimed to verify the moderating role of future-time perspective among 450 Italian young adults (150 NEET, 300 Non-NEET). We found a key role for future-time perspective for NEET status and self-perception of adulthood, anxiety/depression, withdrawal, and aggressive behavior, but not for rule-breaking behavior. This evidence suggests the possibility of career interventions to improve future orientation to reduce health problems
"Che cos'è morale per te?" Nuclei tematici e differenze di genere nel linguaggio della morale in giovani adulti
No full textIntroduzione. Gli studi di Kohlberg (1969; 1976) sullo sviluppo morale sono stati rivisti da Gilligan (1977) sottolineandone i limiti, che consistono nell’indicare le donne carenti rispetto allo sviluppo morale maschile. Per Gilligan (1982) le donne posseggono una moralità diversa, basata sulla cura e la responsabilità, laddove nei maschi domina una morale teorica.
In uno studio precedente (Parola, Donsì, 2015) abbiamo riproposto l’intervista formulata dall’autrice (Gilligan et al., 1982), riscontrando che oggi non si evidenzia più una netta differenza di genere nel giudizio morale e che morale della cura e morale della giustizia appaiono coesistere nella donna come nell'uomo. La scissione riscontrata tra ragionamento morale, ove non sono presenti differenze di genere, e comportamento morale, in cui le donne sono invece più predisposte alle azioni di cura, ci ha spinto ad analizzare ancor meglio la concezione di “morale” nei giovani d’oggi.
Obiettivo di questo lavoro è dunque l’approfondimento di tale concezione e delle connesse differenze di genere nel linguaggio della morale.
Metodo. L’indagine ha coinvolto 100 studenti universitari campani (50 M, 50 F; età media: 21.5).
Partendo dalle risposte all’intervista individuale del lavoro precedente, la nostra attenzione si è indirizzata alla domanda “Che cos’è morale per te? Puoi anche fare un esempio”, le cui risposte - per articolazione e ricchezza di contenuti - erano particolarmente rispondenti al nostro obiettivo di evidenziare sia i nuclei tematici dei discorsi sulla morale che le differenze lessicali tra i generi. Con l'ausilio del software T-lab (Lancia, 2004), sono state condotte: Analisi Tematica dei Contesti Elementari, Analisi delle Corrispondenze sui lemmi, Analisi lessicale delle Specificità, Associazioni di Parole.
Risultati.
• La Cluster Analysis mostra 5 cluster tematici: scelta morale (27,54%), comportamento morale (26,81%) rispetto per gli altri (22,46%), coscienza morale (13,77%) e regole morali (9,42%). La posizione dei cluster sugli assi cartesiani rappresenta la concezione che i giovani adulti hanno della morale, ricondotta a due differenti piani: quello del comportamento morale, nell'asse superiore, e quello del ragionamento morale, nell'asse inferiore.
• Rispetto alle specificità di genere, le donne credono maggiormente in una "propria morale" individuale che guida l'agire; gli uomini invece parlano dell' "universalità" della morale come sistema di valori che permette di "giudicare" le azioni come giuste o sbagliate.
Conclusioni. L’analisi dei nuclei tematici dei discorsi sulla morale tende a confermare, articolandoli, i risultati del lavoro precedente, separando il piano del comportamento morale da quello del ragionamento. Per quanto riguarda il lessico, i lemmi femminili sono orientati a dar voce all’azione, quelli maschili a un giudizio morale teorico, rispettando la diversa strutturazione identitaria (Parola, Donsì, 2015)
Being NEET. Drawing a profile of Italian young adults living in Campania region
No full textYouth not engaged in employment, education or training (NEET) represent one of the most problematic groups in the context of youth unemployment.
In the last years, there has been increasing attention given to this population of disengaged youth and on consequences of this condition: difficulty in school-work transition (Cortini, Tanucci, & Morin, 2011), deep-rooted crisis of confidence in institutions (Pharr & Putnam, 2000), delayed in the transition to adulthood (Cavalli, 1997; Livi Bacci, 2008; Sica et al., 2016) influencing the development of the identity (Crocetti et al., 2012).
It estimated that 30,3% of young neither studied nor worked in Italy, and the 41,5% of them lived in Campania, one of regions of the country most closely associated with NEET phenomenon (Istat, 2015).
As part of wider research project that includes the analysis of psychological dynamics affecting the phenomenon, this paper aims to draw a profile of young NEET living in Italy and in particular in Campania region.
This research carried out analysis on the young people using secondary data collected by Multipurpose Investigation Istat - "Aspects of daily life" (Istat, 2016). In particular, the current study focused on the differences between young NEET and non-NEET (students or workers) aged from 20 to 34 regard to specific thematic areas: transition to adulthood and economic dependence, wellness perceived, use and abuse of alcohol, free time, trust and political participation, use of the web and in particular of the social network
Positive Resources for Flourishing: The Effect of Courage, Self-Esteem, and Career Adaptability in Adolescence
Full text linkFlourishing is defined as an optimal state of functioning in which individuals pursue their goals and aspirations. Hence, flourishing seems to be a protective factor for career transitions in adolescence. This study aimed to analyze the predicting role of self-esteem, courage, and the four career adaptability dimensions, i.e., concern, control, curiosity, and confidence, on flourishing. The sample consisted of 221 Italian adolescents attending the last year of middle school. The preliminary analyses showed gender differences in courage and flourishing, reporting females higher scores than males on both variables. The SEM path model showed that courage, self-esteem, and confidence predict flourishing, and suggested that confidence partially mediates the relationship between courage, self-esteem, and flourishing. Findings have also permitted us to draw practical implications for interventions in adolescence
Many-body dark solitons in one-dimensional hard-core Bose gases
No full textThe existence and stability of solitonic states in one-dimensional repulsive Bose-Einstein condensates is investigated within a fully many-body framework by considering the limit of infinite repulsion (Tonks-Girardeau gas). A class of stationary, shape-invariant states propagating at constant velocity are explicitly found and compared to the known solution of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation. The typical features attributed to nonlinearity are thus recovered in a purely linear theory, provided the full many-particle physics is correctly accounted for. However, the formation dynamics predicted by the Gross-Pitaevskii approximation considerably differs from the exact many-body evolution
Spectral properties of one dimensional insulators and superconductors
No full textConformal field theory and Bethe ansatz are used to investigate the low energy features of the spectral function in one dimensional models which exhibit a gap in the spin or in the charge excitation spectrum. Exotic behavior is found in the superconducting case, where the Green function displays momentum dependent Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid exponents. The predictions of the formalism are confirmed by Lanczos diagonalizations in the t-J model up to 32 sites. These results may be relevant in connection to photoemission experiments in quasi-one-dimensional insulators or superconductors
Gapless spin liquids in disguise
Full text linkWe show that gapless spin liquids, which are potential candidates to describe the ground state of frustrated Heisenberg models in two dimensions, become trivial insulators on cylindrical geometries with an even number of legs. In particular, we report calculations for Gutzwiller-projected fermionic states on strips of square and kagome lattices. By choosing different boundary conditions for the fermionic degrees of freedom, both gapless and gapped states may be realized, the latter ones having a lower variational energy. The direct evaluation of static and dynamical correlation functions, as well as overlaps between different states, allows us to demonstrate the sharp difference between the ground-state properties obtained within cylinders or directly in the two-dimensional lattice. Our results shed light on the difficulty to detect bona fide gapless spin liquids in such cylindrical geometries
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