16,160 research outputs found
TACC3-ch-TOG track the growing tips of microtubules independently of clathrin and Aurora-A phosphorylation
No full textThe interaction between TACC3 (transforming acidic coiled coil protein 3) and the microtubule polymerase ch-TOG (colonic, hepatic tumor overexpressed gene) is evolutionarily conserved. Loading of TACC3–ch-TOG onto spindle microtubules requires the phosphorylation of TACC3 by Aurora-A kinase and the subsequent interaction of TACC3 with clathrin to form a microtubule binding surface. Whether there is a pool of TACC3–ch-TOG that is independent of clathrin in human cells, and what is the function of this pool, are open questions. Here, we report that TACC3 is recruited to the plus-ends of microtubules by its association with ch-TOG and that this pool is independent of phosphorylation and binding to clathrin. The plus-end binding of TACC3–ch-TOG persists in interphase and we propose that one cellular function of TACC3–ch-TOG is to modulate cell migration. We also describe the distinct subcellular pools of TACC3, ch-TOG and clathrin. TACC3 is often described as a centrosomal protein, but we show that there is no significant population of TACC3 at centrosomes. The delineation of distinct protein pools reveals a simplified view of how these proteins are organized and controlled by post-translational modification
Re Ellenborough Park [1956] Ch 131, Court of Appeal
No full textEssential Cases: Land Law provides a bridge between course textbooks and key case judgments. This case document summarizes the facts and decision in Re Ellenborough Park [1956] Ch 131, Court of Appeal. The document also includes supporting commentary from author Aruna Nair.</p
Surface Plasmon Induced Enhancement of Hot Electron Flow Probed with Metal-Semiconductor Nanodiodes
No full textDistribution and diversity of exotic plant species in montane to alpine areas of Kosciuszko National Park
No full textDiversity and distribution of exotic plant taxa in Kosciuszko National Park in south-eastern Australia were reviewed based on 1103 records of exotics from 18 vegetation surveys conducted between 1986 and 2004. 154 taxa from 23 families were recorded in the alpine to montane zones, with eleven taxa in the alpine, 128 taxa in the subalpine and 69 taxa in the montane zone. Nearly all taxa were associated with anthropogenic disturbance with only four taxa exclusively recorded in natural areas. 62 taxa were recorded from subalpine ski resort gardens, and although not recorded as naturalised in the vegetation surveys, their presence in the Park is a concern.
Road verges provided habitat for numerous exotics (65 taxa). 44 taxa were recorded in both disturbed and natural locations but most were uncommon (33 taxa < 2% frequency). Nine common taxa Acetosella vulgaris, Achillea millefolium, Agrostis capillaris, Anthoxanthum odoratum, Cerastium spp., Dactylis glomerata, Hypochaeris radicata, Taraxacum officinale and Trifolium repens comprised 68% of records. These species are common to disturbed areas in other areas of Kosciuszko National Park, NSW and worldwide. The forb Acetosella vulgaris was the most ubiquitous species particularly in natural areas where it was recorded at 36% frequency. Based on the data presented here and a recent review of other data sets, there are at least 231 exotic taxa in the Park (including exotics in gardens). The increasing diversity and abundance of exotics is a threat to the natural values of this Park
Application of genetic algorithms to parameter estimation of bioprocesses
No full textThe paper explains the application of a genetic algorithm (GA) to the problem of estimating parameters for a kinetic model of a biologically reacting system; It is demonstrated that the GA is a powerful tool for quantifying the kinetic parameters Using kinetic data. As the operation of the GA does not depend on the form of the model equation, it can be applied to the wide spectrum of kinetic modelling problems without any complex formulation procedure
Determining the need for an expanded fitness component in the Fire Science Program at Milwaukee Area Technical College
No full textIncludes bibliographical references
STRUCTURAL AND ELECTRONIC-PROPERTIES OF GAP-ALP (001) SUPERLATTICES
No full textWe present the results of ab initio pseudopotential calculations for studying the structural stability and the electronic structure of short-period (GaP)m(A1P)m superlattices with m ranging from 1 to 6, composed of lattice-matched indirect-gap semiconductors. Both the bulk and epitaxial superlattices ordered in the CuAu-I, CuPt, and chalcopyrite structures are found to be unstable against phase segregation into their binary constituents at T = 0. The bulk formation enthalpies are found to be similar to those for epitaxial superlattices grown on (001) GaP. The band gap of superlattices tends to decrease as the superlattice period increases. The ultrathin (001) superlattices with the superlattice period of m = 1 and 2 show indirect-gap behavior while the direct band gap occurs for m greater-than-or-equal-to 3. Details of the electronic structure of superlattices are discussed based on the band-pushing and charge-confinement effects. The oscillator strength of the optical transition from the valence-band maximum to the conduction-band minimum state at the GAMMA point is found to be much stronger for even numbers of m. Both the monolayer and bilayer superlattices can be direct-gap semiconductors if substrates are selectively chosen with lattice constants above 5.48 and 5.47 angstrom, respectively
Residual stress effect on self-annealing of electroplated copper
No full textThe remarkable feature of electroplated film was grain growth at room temperature and this phenomenon was named 'self-annealing'. The driving force of self-annealing was expected as highly increased defect and surface energy, but the exact mechanism was unknown. In this work, residual stress effect on self-annealing was investigated. During self-annealing, increased temperature accelerated grain growth, and it is concluded that self-annealing is caused by Cu grain boundary diffusion. From the stress measurement by X-ray difractometer (XRD), it was the shown that the average stress release was 500 MPa during self-annealing. The average strain energy is lower than the grain boundary energy, but locally high stress originated from trapped poly ethylene glycol (PEG) whose molecular size is large at the grain boundary, can accelerate grain boundary diffusion of Cu. Therefore, stress is major,driving force of self-annealing, and it plays a role in decomposing PEG molecules and providing sufficient driving force for grain boundary diffusion to Cu atoms near PEG.This work was supported by grant No. 1999-2-301-008-2 from the Basic Research Program of the Korea Science & Engineering Foundation
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