14,740 research outputs found
Between Development and the State: Recasting South Korean Dirigisme
No full textThis article offers an alternative understanding and a critique of how South Korea's development has been interpreted by various scholars. The proponents of developmental state overlook the fact that South Korean dirigisme harmed equity, democracy, social cohesion, and thus the people's ability to take the initiative and form a viable civil society. By considering how the state meddled with the economy as a deliberately selected course, an analysis can be made of the dysfunction of developmental statism or “diseased” dirigisme. The inequity between the deprivations suffered by small firm operators and other citizens and the gains reaped by a few business conglomerates (or chaebol), remains symptomatic of South Korea's dirigiste disease. The dominant themes in the current economic discourses are privatisation, marketisation, deregulation and the rolling‐back of the welfare state. However, liberalising the economy without state reform may aggravate the dirigiste disease in South Korea. By linking the state‐led and people‐centred arguments, this article provides a fresh discourse on principles of policy‐making and state‐action to broaden the valuation of development beyond economic efficiency or competitiveness.2
After Dirigisme: Globalization, Democratization, the Still Faulted State and its Social Discontent in Korea
No full textThe post-1997 Korean state in crisis and reform provides an excellent testing ground for the claim that the homogenizing forces of globalization and the international financial market are proving victorious over statist models of political economy. By examining the limits and capacities of the top-down, authoritarian state in its current form and its continuing social consequences, this paper provides an analytic account of the dysfunction of Korean developmental statism. This diseased dirigisme problematique, however, contrasts with an ‘opening-markets-solves-most-problems’ approach; an opening of markets, no matter how generally desirable, will not in itself solve problems of distorted development. Reconstruction of strong Korean statism is indispensable to Korea's long-term socio-economic health.1
PV Waste Management at the Crossroads of Circular Economy and Energy Transition: The Case of South Korea
No full textThe South Korean government’s renewable energy deployment plan aims to increase the share of electricity generated from renewables to 20% by 2030. To reach this goal, the rate of photovoltaic (PV) installation will accelerate in the coming years. This energy transition creates a new challenge: PV wastes. This study estimates the amount of PV waste generated, the material composition of PV waste, and the amount of recyclable metals in South Korea by 2080 under four different scenarios (combining shape parameters of 5.3759 [regular-loss] and 3.5 [early-loss] with PV module lifespans of 25 and 30 years) using the Weibull distribution function. The annual waste generated will fluctuate over time depending on the scenario, but between 4299 and 5764 thousand tons of PV waste will have been generated by 2080. Under the early-loss/25-year lifespan scenario, annual PV waste generation will increase to exceed 130,000 tons in 2045, then decrease through 2063 before increasing once again. The fluctuation in annual PV waste generation appears stronger under regular-loss scenarios. An appropriate system for the monitoring, collection, and storage of PV waste needs to be arranged even before the volume becomes high enough for recycling to be economically viable. International cooperation could be a way to maintain the PV waste stream at an economically feasible scale. It would also be a good idea if the PV module could be designed in a way that would enable easier recycling or reuse
The Implications of the Rise of Northeast Asia for Regional Cooperation and Korea's Place in It
No full textThe political Economy of Pharmaceutical Reform in Korea: Recasting the 2000 Dispute, Its Origins and Policy Implications
No full textTRU
The Problem of Scientific Progress and Major Schools of Thought in Contemporary International Politics Theory
No full textThis article represents a preliminary attempt at evaluating major theories of or approaches to international relations. It bases its assessment of the state of international relations theorizing primarily on Laudan's pragmatic synthesis of competing ways of measuring scientific progress. In so doing, it not only clarifies the key variables of their causal connections within, and thus the strengths and weaknesses of each of the major theoretical works, but also unravels the central underlying, if not entirely value-free, assumptions of those purported theories.1
Small business' place in the South Korean state-society relations
No full textKorean small businesses have come a long way as sources of industrial power more important than heretofore credited. The nation's undemocratic dirigisme had largely slighted small businesses to the country's disadvantage. Although the government's policy bias against them started to change in the early 1980s, its support of them remained less than fully-fledged. Despite tough socio-economic conditions, however, both the first and second generation small entrepreneurs have strived to prove their self-worth as viable business enterprises and constantly—and increasingly over time—contributed to the incremental improvement of the economy. By shedding light on the little-known motivations, perceptions, and performances of the small business people, this article offers a more balanced and nuanced account of the past and present state of small businesses in the country, which provides a tentative basis for considering alternative vision for future development.2
Small Business in Korea, Japan, and Taiwan: Dirigiste Coalition Politics and Financial Policies Compared
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