67,981 research outputs found
Religion and society in the parish of Halifax, c. 1740-1914
No full textMost recent studies of religion and society have focussed on
the period from c. 1880 to 1914, basing their investigations
upon late-Victorian newspaper censuses of churchgoing. This
thesis aims to study the development of religion in its
economic and social context in a large northern industrial
parish over a longer period of time from c. 1740 to 1914. In
religious terms this period extends from the mid-eighteenth
century Evangelical Revival to the decline of organised
religion in the early twentieth century. In economic and
social terms the period is characterised by the transformation
of the parish from a semi-rural, proto-industrial society
dominated by a relatively small but expanding market town, into
a predominantly urban advanced industrial society dominated by
a medium-sized textile manufacturing town and several smaller
urban centres of textile production; supporting a wide
diversity of associated industries and trades, but still
containing within its boundaries sharply contrasting urban and
semi-rural environments.
The thesis aims to assess how religious expression within the
parish of Halifax was affected by the changing economic and
social environment, in particular the urban-industrial
experience, and how religion helped shape the new urbanindustrial
society during the period from the middle of the
eighteenth century to the outbreak of the First World War. It
argues that whilst the pessimistic view of a moribund Georgian
Church of England can no longer be sustained by the Halifax
evidence, the Established Church nevertheless lacked the
logistical resources to respond effectively to the new urbanindustrial
society as it emerged within the parish in the lateeighteenth
and early-nineteenth centuries, providing an
opportunity for the growth of Evangelical Nonconformity,
especially Methodism. It maintains that Evangelical
Nonconformity and an Anglican Church renewed by Evangelical
incumbencies during the period 1790-1827 and reformed as a consequence of national legislation in the 1840s played a vital
role within the expanding urban-industrial society, surviving
the experience of industrialisation and urbanisation and
displaying a remarkable vibrancy, despite underlying downward
trends in churchgoing in the late-Victorian era. It suggests
that the causes of the decline of organised religion during
this period were complex, but related more to the onset of
industrial-urban stagnation and decline than to the experience
of industrial-urban expansion
Social networks. families and neighbourhoods: brancepeth parish in the seventeenth century
No full textBrancepeth parish is situated in County Durham in the north of England. In the seventeenth century the parish contained seven townships. This study questions the Idea of the parish as a single social community by examining social networks between families living within the different townships of the parish. The study is based on a Family Reconstitution which was undertaken in order to reconstruct the life-cycles of family groups who lived in the farms and villages of Brancepeth parish in the seventeenth century. Wills, inventories, land records, the Hearth Tax and a church seating plan have been used to assess the kinds of families represented by the Family Reconstitution in Brancepeth. The scale and structure of social interactions between families have been investigated using Ucinet social network analysis software. The networks analysed were based on witnessing wills, appraising inventories, loans of money made on trust, kinship and surnames. The results clearly point to the existence of a number of social communities within the parish population, the importance of neighbours, and the presence of kin within the neighbourhood. The findings of this study are discussed in the context of the economic structure of the parish, the influence of recusancy, and the history and culture of the population. The study concludes that Brancepeth parish in the seventeenth century had many of the features of a traditional medieval society, in an early modern world
The Contribution of Neutrophils and NETs to the Development of Type 1 Diabetes
No full textType 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease resulting from the destruction of insulin-producing beta cells in pancreatic islets. T lymphocytes are the claimed pathogenic effectors but abnormalities of other immune cell types, including neutrophils, also characterize T1D development. During human T1D natural history, neutrophils are reduced in the circulation, while accumulate in the pancreas where release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), or NETosis, is manifest. Recent-onset T1D patients also demonstrate activated circulating neutrophils, associated with a unique neutrophil gene signature. Neutrophils can bind to platelets, leading to the formation of platelet-neutrophil aggregates (PNAs). PNAs increase in the circulation during the development of human T1D and provide a mechanism for neutrophil activation and mobilization/recruitment to the pancreas. In non-obese diabetic or NOD mice, T1D autoimmunity is accompanied by dynamic changes in neutrophil numbers, activation state, PNAs and/or NETosis/NET proteins in the circulation, pancreas and/or islets. Such properties differ between stages of T1D disease and underpin potentially indirect and direct impacts of the innate immune system in T1D pathogenesis. Supporting the potential for a pathogenic role in T1D, NETs and extracellular histones can directly damage isolated islets in vitro, a toxicity that can be prevented by small polyanions. In human T1D, NET-related damage can target the whole pancreas, including both the endocrine and exocrine components, and contribute to beta cell destruction, providing evidence for a neutrophil-associated T1D endotype. Future intervention in T1D could therefore benefit from combined strategies targeting T cells and accessory destructive elements of activated neutrophils
Coordination complexes of dimethyltin dichloride with C-nitroso compounds
No full textCoordination complexes of five nitroanilines with dimethyltin dichloride have been prepd. and studied by 13C, 15N and 119Sn solid state NMR spectroscopy and by Moessbauer spectroscopy. The 13C resonances of the CH3-Sn groups, the 119Sn resonances and the Moessbauer quadrupole splitting values permit assignment of the two classes of coordination complexes, i.e., 1:1 pentacoordinate and 1:2 octahedral complexes. The C-NO resonances decrease on coordination. The 15N resonances demonstrate that coordination is accompanied by an enhancement of the quinonoid contribution in the ligand itself
Long Distance Paths as Catalysts for Local Development: The Role of Parish Councils
No full textLong distance paths are local resources, but previous research by the author
suggested that they are not fully exploited by many rural communities. The continuing
debate on rural governance following the publication of the Rural White Paper in
November 2000, together with a curiosity as to the potential development role of
parish councils resulted in the current research. This had three clear objectives.
• What socio-cultural, environmental and economic benefits could be derived
for local people from the presence of a long distance path?
• Do parish councils assist in unlocking this potential, and if so, how?
• Could this process be improved if parish councils acted differently?
A two-phase research approach was adopted. Initially telephone interviews were
used to conduct a broad based seeping study. This identified many relevant issues
and provided introductions that led to the second phase when three case study
locations were explored in greater depth. Here data was collected primarily through
face-to-face semi structured interviews supplemented with documentary evidence.
It was confirmed that there were minimal disbenefits but that the benefits were
potentially considerable. At least half of the parish councils contributing to the
research were found to participate in relevant local development to greater or lesser
degrees. However it appears that not all parish councils are willing or able to accept
responsibility for local development initiatives related to long distance paths. Some
thought that local businesses or other agencies should promote and lead projects,
whilst others were too busy dealing with routine matters. In addition parish councils
were not always receptive to suggestions for collaborative working with other
organisations. In all instances it was found that this local resource was not fully
exploited by parish councils.
Local authorities have more recently acknowledged the potential benefits brought by
long distance paths. Thus during the last ten years new routes have been devised
and it was found that parish councils were always consulted during the development
phases, whilst historically the reason for, and the method of development of long
distance routes was completely divorced from parish councils. In these latter
instances parish councils needed to adopt a proactive approach to harness maximum
community benefits. Generally however their activities were inhibited by several
identified constraints. These were concerned with a lack of representation, skills and
positive attitude towards local development initiatives.
Examples of successful local development were identified that maximised
endogenous resources and one of these is local people. It is suggested that if parish
councils are to be successful the Government should first allocate sufficient resources
for the capacity building of councillors and clerks which would enable them to take a
more positive role in local development initiatives
Receipt for payment from A. C. Hargrove to R. C. Parish, Circuit Clerk, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, January 8, 1868
No full textNorth east portion of the Parish of Stockrington [cartographic material] /
No full textManuscript plane table survey map, with some cadastral information, of Parish of Stockrington, New South Wales. Relief shown by contours and spot heights.; Surveyed by L. Cpl. R. Wilcock ; examined by Capt. J.M.C. Corlette, 16 Aug. 1911.; Also available in an electronic version via the Internet at: http://nla.gov.au/nla.map-vn4700690.Parish of Stockringto
Parish of Stowell [cartographic material] /
No full textManuscript plane table survey map, with some cadastral information, of Parish of Stowell, New South Wales. Relief shown by contours and spot heights.; Surveyed by L. Cpl. R. Wilcock ; examined by Capt. J.M.C. Corlette, 15 June 1911.; Also available in an electronic version via the Internet at: http://nla.gov.au/nla.map-vn4699287
The performance of English provincial psalmody c.1690-c.1840
No full textProvincial English Anglican and nonconformist church music, commonly known as psalmody, underwent profound changes during the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. In 1700 the music in most parish churches was limited to a few
unaccompanied metrical psalm tunes, sung slowly and unrhythmically by an apathetic congregation. Attempts at reform led to the introduction of organs and choirs of charity children in towns, and to the growth of a florid, distinctive style of vernacular music in less affluent rural areas. This was often composed and taught by itinerant singing masters and was Performed by a mixed group of singers and instrumentalists. It continued to flourish in country parishes until it was gradually ousted by the Oxford Movement in the mid nineteenth century. Similar developments occurred later in nonconformity with more congregational participation.
This thesis discusses the available musical and literary sources and places psalmody in its historical and musical
context,before tracing developments within the
Anglican and nonconformist traditions. The organisation, size and vocal range of choirs is considered but the main focus is on the use of voices and instruments. The problems
of the correct allocation of parts is investigated in some detail, because this has important: performance implications and was further complicated when instruments
began to be introduced in the later 1700s. The scoring of large-scale instrumental pieces is also analysed. Finally, the didactic introductions of psalmody tune books are
examined since,until the mid eighteenth century,they provided essential performance instructions on tempi, dynamics,ornamentation and voice production.
The main purpose, of this dissertation is to gain a better understanding of psalmody during the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, in order to inform modern performance and to provide evidence that will stimulate further research.
A music anthology and two CDs containing music recordings
and a database are included
Letter from R. C. Parish, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, to R. Chapman, Huntsville, Alabama, November 22, 1869
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