1,721,234 research outputs found
The Upward Bias in Measures of Information Derived from Limited Data Samples
No full textExtracting information measures from limited experimental samples, such as those normally available when using data recorded in vivo from mammalian cortical neurons, is known to be plagued by a systematic error, which tends to bias the estimate upward. We calculate here the average of the bias, under certain conditions, as an asymptotic expansion in the inverse of the size of the data sample. The result agrees with numerical simulations, and is applicable, as an additive correction term, to measurements obtained under such conditions. Moreover, we discuss the implications for measurements obtained through other usual procedures
Neural population coding: combining insights from microscopic and mass signals
Full text linkPanzeri S, Macke JH, Gross J, Kayser C. Neural population coding: combining insights from microscopic and mass signals. Trends Cogn Sci. 2015;19(3):162-72
Optimal Information transmission though cortico-cortical synapses
No full textNeurons in visual cortex receive a large fraction of their inputs from other cortical neurons with a similar stimulus preference. Here we use models of neuronal population activity and information theoretic tools to investigate whether this arrangement of synapses allows efficient information transmission. We find that efficient information transmission requires that the tuning curve of the afferent neurons is approximately as wide as the spread of stimulus preferences of the afferent neurons reaching a target neuron. This is compatible with present neurophysiological evidence from visual cortex. We thus suggest that the organization of VI cortico-cortical synaptic inputs allows optimal information transmission. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2005
A downward biased estimator of spike timing information
No full textWe develop a new simple estimator of the spike timing mutual information between a set of static or dynamic stimuli and the elicited spike trains. Unlike the standard direct procedure (which provides upward-biased information estimation), this new method provides a downward biased (DB) estimator. Therefore, by using this new estimator in conjunction with the direct one it is possible to bound from both above and below the true asymptotic value of the mutual information. The downward bias property of the new method is useful in neurophysiological studies of neural codes because a finding of significant extra information in spike timing obtained with this new method will ensure that this additional spike timing information is genuine and not an artefact due to sampling problems. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
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Optimal tuning widths in population coding of periodic variables
Full text linkWe study the relationship between the accuracy of a large neuronal population in encoding periodic sensory stimuli and the width of the tuning curves of individual neurons in the population. By using general simple models of population activity, we show that when considering one or two periodic stimulus features, a narrow tuning width provides better population encoding accuracy. When encoding more than two periodic stimulus features, the information conveyed by the population is instead maximal for finite values of the tuning width. These optimal values are only weakly dependent on model parameters and are similar to the width of tuning to orientation or motion direction of real visual cortical neurons. A very large tuning width leads to poor encoding accuracy, whatever the number of stimulus features encoded. Thus, optimal coding of periodic stimuli is different from that of nonperiodic stimuli, which, as shown in previous studies, would require infinitely large tuning widths when coding more than two stimulus features. © 2006 Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Optimal information decoding from neuronal populations with specific stimulus selectivity
No full textA typical neuron in visual cortex receives most inputs from other cortical neurons with a roughly similar stimulus preference. Does this arrangement of inputs allow efficient readout of sensory information by the target cortical neuron? We address this issue by using simple modelling of neuronal population activity and information theoretic tools. We find that efficient synaptic information transmission requires that the tuning curve of the afferent neurons is approximately as wide as the spread of stimulus preferences of the afferent neurons reaching the target neuron. By meta analysis of neurophysiological data we found that this is the case for cortico-cortical inputs to neurons in visual cortex. We suggest that the organization of V1 cortico-cortical synaptic inputs allows optimal information transmission
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Stimulus specificity of cortico-cortical connections optimizes information transmission
No full textNeurons in visual cortex receive most inputs from other cortical neurons with similar stimulus preference. To understand the role of this arrangement in information transmission we use a computational model to quantify the information about external stimuli that a typical cortical neuron receives through its cortico-cortical synapses. We find that efficient readout of the information encoded by an afferent population with orientation tuning similar to that observed in area V1 requires the spread of orientation preferences of excitatory cortical afferents to take a value in agreement with experiments. We suggest that the organization of V1 cortico-cortical synapses allows efficient information transmission. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Rhythmic auditory cortex activity at multiple timescales shapes stimulus-response gain and background firing
Full text linkKayser C, Wilson C, Safaai H, Sakata S, Panzeri S. Rhythmic auditory cortex activity at multiple timescales shapes stimulus-response gain and background firing. J Neurosci. 2015;35(20):7750-62
Population coding in somatosensory cortex
No full textComputational analyses have begun to elucidate which components of somatosensory cortical population activity may encode basic stimulus features. Recent results from rat barrel cortex suggest that the essence of this code is not synergistic spike patterns, but rather the precise timing of single neuron's first post-stimulus spikes. This may form the basis for a fast, robust population code
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