101,967 research outputs found
Efficacy of mesotrione used at reduced doses for post-emergence weed control in maize (Zea mays L.)
No full textThree field experiments were carried out in 2000, 2002 and 2004 in central Italy in order to establish the ‘‘minimum dose requirement for a satisfactory efficacy’’ (ED90 or ED95) of mesotrione against several of the most important weeds in maize. Mesotrione was sprayed at four doses in 2000 (150, 100, 50 and 25 g a.i. ha-1) and 2002 (100, 75, 50 and 25 g a.i. ha-1), and at five doses in 2004 (150, 100, 75, 50 and 25 g a.i. ha-1). Untreated and weed-free plots were always added as checks. For each ‘‘year–mesotrione–weed’’ combination, dose–response curves were used to estimate the dose of mesotrione required to obtain 90 and 95% weed control (ED90 and ED95 values). Mesotrione phytotoxicity to the maize and the crop grain yield were also assessed. ED values showed that several weeds could be satisfactorily controlled with reduced doses of mesotrione. In particular, mesotrione could be used at 1/6 of the maximum labelled dose (150 g a.i. ha-1) in order to obtain 95% of efficacy against Abutilon theophrasti, Chenopodium album, Solanum nigrum and Xanthium strumarium; while Amaranthus retroflexus and Polygonum persicaria could be satisfactorily controlled (95% weed efficacy) with 40–45 g ha-1 of mesotrione (about 1/4 of the maximum labelled dose). This selective triketone herbicide had to be applied at 90 g a.i. ha-1 to obtain a high efficacy (95%) against Echinochloa crus-galli; while it did not prove effective against Portulaca oleracea even at maximum labelled dose. Thus the ranking among weed species based on their sensitivity to mesotrione was: A. theophrasti = C. album = S. nigrum = X. strumarium > A. retroflexus = P. persicaria > E. crus-galli > P. oleracea. Mesotrione showed a good selectivity to the crop at all application doses; however, some phytotoxicity symptoms, in the form of leaf bleaching, were only transitory and dissipated by 4–5 weeks after treatments with no damage to crop yield
Optimization of foramsulfuron doses for post-emergence weed control in maize (Zea mays L.)
No full textFour field experiments were carried out from 2011 to 2014 in order to evaluate the effects of foramsulfuron, applied at the recommended (60.8 g a.i./ha) and reduced doses (1/3 and 2/3), on the efficacy against several of the most important weeds in maize. For each “year-weed” combination, dose-response curves were applied to estimate the dose of foramsulfuron required to obtain 90% and 95% weed control (ED90 and ED95). Foramsulfuron phytotoxicity on maize and crop yield were assessed. Foramsulfuron at 1/3 of the recommended dose (20.3 g a.i./ha) provided 95% efficacy against redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.), green foxtail (Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv.), wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis L.) and black nightshade (Solanum nigrum L.). Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medik.), common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album L.) and barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv.) were satisfactorily controlled (95% weed efficacy) with ED95 ranged from 20 to 50 g/ha of foramsulfuron (about from 1/3 to 5/6 of the recommended dose) depending on growth stage. The recommended dose was effective against pale smartweed (Polygonum lapathifolium L.) at 2-4 true leaves (12-14 BBCH scale), but this dose did not kill plants larger than 2-4 true leaves. The ranking among weed species based on their susceptibility to foramsulfuron was: redroot pigweed = green foxtail = wild mustard = black nightshade > velvetleaf = common lambsquarters = barnyardgrass > pale smartweed. Dose of foramsulfuron can be reduced below recommended dose depending on weed species and growth stage. Foramsulfuron showed a good crop selectivity and had no negative effect on maize yield
Effetto di due substrati e livelli di concimazione azotata sulla crescita del tappeto erboso
No full textValutazione dell'efficacia di mezzi meccanici tradizionali e innovativi nel controllo delle piante infestanti il girasole
No full textApplicazioni di coadiuvanti per la riduzione della dose di erbicidi su frumento e mais: ricerche nel centro Italia
No full textProspettive per la lotta alle piante infestanti senza il bromuro di metile
No full textSupplemento al Bollettino del Laboratorio di Entomologia agraria "Filippo Silvestri
Control of common cocklebur(Xanthium strumarium L.) in maize using different herbicides at reduced doses
No full textSelettività di erbicidi graminicidi per il controllo delle erbe infestanti nei tappeti erbosi
No full textEffetto di trinexapac-ethyl sulla crescita di cinque specie graminacee microterme da tappeto erboso
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