102,112 research outputs found
Hemoglobin Concentration and Viscoelastic Tests: Remember to Consider Fibrinogen and Platelets
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[The sigh in ARDS (acute respiratory distress syndrome)]
No full textWe studied 10 consecutive, sedated and paralyzed patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). The entire study lasted 4 hours, divided in 3 periods: 2 hours of recommended ventilation [lung protective strategy, LPS, i.e., ventilation with low tidal volume (< 8 mL/kg), limiting the plateau at 35 cm H2O, together with high positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)], 1 hour of sigh (LPS with 3 consecutive sighs/min at 45 cm H2O plateau pressure), and 1 hour of LPS. Total minute ventilation, PEEP, FiO2 and mean airway pressure were kept constant. The introduction of sighs induced a consistent recruitment and PaO2 improvement, and a decrease in venous admixture and PaCO2. Interrupting sighs and resuming LPS led to a progressive derecruitment, and all the physiological variables returned to baseline. Derecruitment was higher in patients with higher PaCO2 and lower VA/Q ratio. We conclude that: 1) LPS alone does not provide full lung recruitment and best oxygenation in ARDS; 2) application of sigh may provide pressure enough to recruit and volume enough to prevent reabsorption atelectasis
An 80MHz 4/spl times/ oversampled cascaded/spl Delta/spl Sigma/-pipelined ADC with 75dB DR and 87dB SFDR
No full textA 2/sup nd/-order 4b /spl Delta//spl Sigma/ modulator in cascade with a 9b pipeline clocked at 80MHz achieves 75dB DR, 74dB peak SNR and more than 87dB SFDR in a 10MHz bandwidth by means of background digital linearization and noise-cancellation algorithms. The 0.18/spl mu/m CMOS chip consumes 240mW including reference generator, digital decimator and correction logi
A Combined NMR-Computational Study of the Interaction between Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin and Sialic Derivatives from Human and Avian Receptors on the Surface of Transfected Cells
No full textThe development of small-molecule inhibitors of influenza virus Hemagglutinin could be relevant to the opposition of the diffusion of new pandemic viruses. In this work, we made use of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to study the interaction between two derivatives of sialic acid, Neu5Ac-α-(2,6)-Gal-β-(1–4)-GlcNAc and Neu5Ac-α-(2,3)-Gal-β-(1–4)-GlcNAc, and hemagglutinin directly expressed on the surface of recombinant human cells. We analyzed the interaction of these trisaccharides with 293T cells transfected with the H5 and H1 variants of hemagglutinin, which thus retain their native trimeric conformation in such a realistic environment. By exploiting the magnetization transfer between the protein and the ligand, we obtained evidence of the binding event, and identified the epitope. We analyzed the conformational features of the glycans with an approach combining NMR spectroscopy and data-driven molecular dynamics simulations, thus obtaining useful information for an efficient drug design
Skin biopsy of Mediterranean cetacean in the investigation of interspecies susceptibility to xenobiotic contaminants
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Assessment of maize nitrogen uptake from PRISMA hyperspectral data through hybrid modelling
No full textThe spaceborne imaging spectroscopy mission PRecursore IperSpettrale della Missione Applicativa (PRISMA), launched on 22 March 2019 by the Italian Space Agency, opens new opportunities in many scientific domains, including precision farming and sustainable agriculture. This new Earth Observation (EO) data stream requires new-generation approaches for the estimation of important biophysical crop variables (BVs). In this framework, this study evaluated a hybrid approach, combining the radiative transfer model PROSAIL-PRO and several machine learning (ML) regression algorithms, for the retrieval of canopy chlorophyll content (CCC) and canopy nitrogen content (CNC) from synthetic PRISMA data. PRISMA-like data were simulated from two images acquired by the airborne sensor HyPlant, during a campaign performed in Grosseto (Italy) in 2018. CCC and CNC estimations, assessed from the best performing ML algorithms, were used to define two relations with plant nitrogen uptake (PNU). CNC proved to be slightly more correlated to PNU than CCC (R-2 = 0.82 and R-2 = 0.80, respectively). The CNC-PNU model was then applied to actual PRISMA images acquired in 2020. The results showed that the estimated PNU values are within the expected ranges, and the temporal trends are compatible with plant phenology stages
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