14 research outputs found
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЯ И АДАПТАЦИИ ПРИЛОЖЕНИЙ ДЛЯ МОБИЛЬНЫХ УСТРОЙСТВ
No full textIn the modern world, devasis, gadgets and other wearable electronics are increasingly popular, satisfying all the information and functional needs of their owner. In this article, the author views the interface "Pebble" as an ergonomic, multi-functional assistant, a device that includes many useful functions, while the "smart clock" of a compact size is always "at hand." The author carried out a comparative analysis of the functional of the device, conclusions were drawn.В современном мире все большую популярность носят девасйсы, гаджеты и прочая носимая электроника, удовлетворяя все информационные и функциональные потребности своего владельца. В данной статье автор рассматривает интерфейс «Pebble» как эргономичный, многофункциональный помощник, устройство, которое включает в себя множество полезных функций, при этом данные «умные часы» компактного размера, всегда «под рукой». Автором проведен сравнительный анализ функционала устройства, сделаны выводы
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЯ И АДАПТАЦИИ ПРИЛОЖЕНИЙ ДЛЯ МОБИЛЬНЫХ УСТРОЙСТВ
No full textIn the modern world, devasis, gadgets and other wearable electronics are increasingly popular, satisfying all the information and functional needs of their owner. In this article, the author views the interface "Pebble" as an ergonomic, multi-functional assistant, a device that includes many useful functions, while the "smart clock" of a compact size is always "at hand." The author carried out a comparative analysis of the functional of the device, conclusions were drawn.В современном мире все большую популярность носят девасйсы, гаджеты и прочая носимая электроника, удовлетворяя все информационные и функциональные потребности своего владельца. В данной статье автор рассматривает интерфейс «Pebble» как эргономичный, многофункциональный помощник, устройство, которое включает в себя множество полезных функций, при этом данные «умные часы» компактного размера, всегда «под рукой». Автором проведен сравнительный анализ функционала устройства, сделаны выводы
Genomic landscape of mature B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas — an appraisal from lymphomagenesis to drug resistance
No full textBackground:
Mature B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas are one of the most common hematological malignancies with a divergent clinical presentation, phenotype, and course of disease regulated by underlying genetic mechanism.
Main body:
Genetic and molecular alterations are not only critical for lymphomagenesis but also largely responsible for differing therapeutic response in these neoplasms. In recent years, advanced molecular tools have provided a deeper understanding regarding these oncogenic drives for predicting progression as well as refractory behavior in these diseases. The prognostic models based on gene expression profiling have also been proved effective in various clinical scenarios. However, considerable overlap does exist between the genotypes of individual lymphomas and at the same time where additional molecular lesions may be associated with each entity apart from the key genetic event. Therefore, genomics is one of the cornerstones in the multimodality approach essential for classification and risk stratification of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas.
Conclusion:
We hereby in this review discuss the wide range of genetic aberrancies associated with tumorigenesis, immune escape, and chemoresistance in major B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas
A study on beneficial impact of the use of medium-molecular-weight hydroxyethyl starch in granulocyte apheresis using continuous-flow cell separator Spectra Optia: A retrospective single-center study at a tertiary care oncology center
No full textINTRODUCTION:
Granulocyte transfusion is one of the best therapeutic modalities in prolonged neutropenic patients with severe bacterial/fungal infections. Granulocyte harvest using conventional acid citrate dextrose (ACD) anticoagulant (ACD-A) by apheresis is not satisfactory in comparison to the use of hydroxyethyl starch (HES), but the latter is associated with various adverse events, especially with high-molecular-weight HES.
AIMS AND OBJECTIVE:
This study aimed to assess the beneficial impact of the use of medium-molecular-weight (MMW)-HES and trisodium citrate combination over ACD-A in granulocyte apheresis when using Spectra Optia.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This was a retrospective study comparing granulocyte harvest results with the use of ACD or HES and trisodium citrate combination. All the donors in both the groups received single 600 μg of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor subcutaneous injection followed by 8 mg of dexamethasone tablet 10–12 h and omnacortil 60 mg orally 3 h before harvest. A number of adverse incidents, if any, were observed and noted. Donor/procedure parameters were compared using Mann–Whitney U-test/unpaired t-test.
RESULTS:
Granulocyte yield (mean: 3.29 × 1010/unit vs. 4.5 × 1010/unit in the ACD and HES groups, respectively, P ≤ 0.0001) was significantly better in the HES group. The collection efficiency was also better in the HES group (mean: 15.86% vs. 26.70% in the ACD and HES groups, respectively, P ≤ 0.0001) in the ACD and HES groups, respectively. There was no significant adverse event noted in any of these two groups.
CONCLUSION:
In our study, granulocytes with optimum yield can be easily harvested with Spectra Optia cell separator using 6% HES (MMW) and trisodium citrate combination with standard 12-h interval gap between mobilization and harvest. This strategy can also have no or minimal extra cost burden to patients
Comparison between crush/squash cytology and frozen section preparation in intraoperative diagnosis of central nervous system lesions
No full textimmunophenotype: A new underdiagnosed entity
No full textIntroduction
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with RAM immunophenotype is a distinct subtype of AML, as described by the Children's Oncology Group (COG), with characteristic morphological and immunophenotypic properties. It is characterized by strong CD56 expression with dim to negative CD45, HLA-DR, and CD38 expression. It is an aggressive leukemia with a poor response to induction chemotherapy and/or frequent relapses.
Methods
Seven cases with the characteristic RAM immunophenotype were identified in this retrospective analysis of newly diagnosed pediatric AML cases from January 2019 to December 2021. Herein, we have critically analyzed their clinical, morphological, cytochemical, immunophenotyping, cytogenetic, and molecular profiles. The patients were traced and followed for their current disease and treatment status.
Results
Of 302 cases of pediatric AML (age Introduction
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with RAM immunophenotype is a distinct subtype of AML, as described by the Children's Oncology Group (COG), with characteristic morphological and immunophenotypic properties. It is characterized by strong CD56 expression with dim to negative CD45, HLA-DR, and CD38 expression. It is an aggressive leukemia with a poor response to induction chemotherapy and/or frequent relapses.
Methods
Seven cases with the characteristic RAM immunophenotype were identified in this retrospective analysis of newly diagnosed pediatric AML cases from January 2019 to December 2021. Herein, we have critically analyzed their clinical, morphological, cytochemical, immunophenotyping, cytogenetic, and molecular profiles. The patients were traced and followed for their current disease and treatment status.
Results
Of 302 cases of pediatric AML (age Introduction
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with RAM immunophenotype is a distinct subtype of AML, as described by the Children's Oncology Group (COG), with characteristic morphological and immunophenotypic properties. It is characterized by strong CD56 expression with dim to negative CD45, HLA-DR, and CD38 expression. It is an aggressive leukemia with a poor response to induction chemotherapy and/or frequent relapses.
Methods
Seven cases with the characteristic RAM immunophenotype were identified in this retrospective analysis of newly diagnosed pediatric AML cases from January 2019 to December 2021. Herein, we have critically analyzed their clinical, morphological, cytochemical, immunophenotyping, cytogenetic, and molecular profiles. The patients were traced and followed for their current disease and treatment status.
Results
Of 302 cases of pediatric AML (age <18 years), seven cases (2.3%) with the distinct RAM phenotype were observed, with age ranging from 9 months to 5 years. Two patients were misdiagnosed earlier as small round cell tumor because of the strong CD56 positivity and the absence of leukocyte common antigen (LCA), but they were later correctly identified as granulocytic sarcoma. The bone marrow aspirate showed blasts with unusual cohesiveness and clumping with nuclear moulding, mimicking non-hematologic malignancies. Flow cytometry revealed blasts with low side scatter, dim to negative CD45 and CD38, negative cMPO, CD36, and CD11b; moderate to bright CD33, CD117, and bright CD56. The Mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of CD13 expression was significantly lower as compared to the internal controls. Cytogenetic and molecular studies did not show any recurrent abnormalities. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for CBFA2T3-GLIS2 fusion was performed in 5/7 cases, with one positive result. On clinical follow-up, two patients were refractory to chemotherapy. Six of the seven cases had succumbed to death (duration of survival: 3–343 days after initial diagnosis).
Conclusion
AML with RAM immunophenotype, a distinct form of pediatric AML with a poor prognosis, may pose a diagnostic challenge if presented as a soft tissue mass. A comprehensive immunophenotypic evaluation, including stem cell and myeloid markers, is critical for an accurate diagnosis of myeloid sarcoma with the RAM-immunophenotype. Our data demonstrated weak CD13 expression as an additional immunophenotypic finding.18 years), seven cases (2.3%) with the distinct RAM phenotype were observed, with age ranging from 9 months to 5 years. Two patients were misdiagnosed earlier as small round cell tumor because of the strong CD56 positivity and the absence of leukocyte common antigen (LCA), but they were later correctly identified as granulocytic sarcoma. The bone marrow aspirate showed blasts with unusual cohesiveness and clumping with nuclear moulding, mimicking non-hematologic malignancies. Flow cytometry revealed blasts with low side scatter, dim to negative CD45 and CD38, negative cMPO, CD36, and CD11b; moderate to bright CD33, CD117, and bright CD56. The Mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of CD13 expression was significantly lower as compared to the internal controls. Cytogenetic and molecular studies did not show any recurrent abnormalities. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for CBFA2T3-GLIS2 fusion was performed in 5/7 cases, with one positive result. On clinical follow-up, two patients were refractory to chemotherapy. Six of the seven cases had succumbed to death (duration of survival: 3–343 days after initial diagnosis).
Conclusion
AML with RAM immunophenotype, a distinct form of pediatric AML with a poor prognosis, may pose a diagnostic challenge if presented as a soft tissue mass. A comprehensive immunophenotypic evaluation, including stem cell and myeloid markers, is critical for an accurate diagnosis of myeloid sarcoma with the RAM-immunophenotype. Our data demonstrated weak CD13 expression as an additional immunophenotypic finding.18 years), seven cases (2.3%) with the distinct RAM phenotype were observed, with age ranging from 9 months to 5 years. Two patients were misdiagnosed earlier as small round cell tumor because of the strong CD56 positivity and the absence of leukocyte common antigen (LCA), but they were later correctly identified as granulocytic sarcoma. The bone marrow aspirate showed blasts with unusual cohesiveness and clumping with nuclear moulding, mimicking non-hematologic malignancies. Flow cytometry revealed blasts with low side scatter, dim to negative CD45 and CD38, negative cMPO, CD36, and CD11b; moderate to bright CD33, CD117, and bright CD56. The Mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of CD13 expression was significantly lower as compared to the internal controls. Cytogenetic and molecular studies did not show any recurrent abnormalities. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for CBFA2T3-GLIS2 fusion was performed in 5/7 cases, with one positive result. On clinical follow-up, two patients were refractory to chemotherapy. Six of the seven cases had succumbed to death (duration of survival: 3–343 days after initial diagnosis).
Conclusion
AML with RAM immunophenotype, a distinct form of pediatric AML with a poor prognosis, may pose a diagnostic challenge if presented as a soft tissue mass. A comprehensive immunophenotypic evaluation, including stem cell and myeloid markers, is critical for an accurate diagnosis of myeloid sarcoma with the RAM-immunophenotype. Our data demonstrated weak CD13 expression as an additional immunophenotypic finding
AML-230 Predictive Value of CD34-Positive versus CD34-Negative Leukemic Stem Cells on Survival Outcome in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
No full textContext: Leukemic stem cells (LSCs) have emerged as a potential factor contributing to an overall dismal outcome in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Objective: In this study, using flowcytometric immunophenotyping (FCMI), we have demonstrated LSC identification and quantification in both the CD34+ and CD34–compartments to find its relevance in predicting treatment outcomes. Furthermore, we correlated the impact of LSC quantification at diagnosis as a predictor of long-term survival. Design: This is a prospective analysis of patients diagnosed with AML (per standard WHO criteria). Setting: Tertiary care cancer center. Patients: A total of 161 patients with a diagnosis of non–acute promyelocytic leukemia (non-APL) AML patients diagnosed over a period of two years (January 2019 to December 2020) were evaluated. Interventions: Bone marrow aspirates collected in EDTA were processed for FCMI using a stain-lyse-wash technique with a singletube, 10-color comprehensive antibody panel. LSCs were identified primarily in the CD34+CD38– compartment; however, in a substantial number of CD34– AML, LSCs were segregated from the CD34–CD38- compartment using CD117 as an alternate gating marker and CD123, CD33, and CD11b as LSC-specific markers in all cases. Main Outcome Measures: 1. CD34+ versus CD34–LSC and 2. Baseline LSC% as a predictor of survival. Results: LSCs were identified in 82.6% (133/161) of patients. CD34+ LSCs and CD34– LSCs were isolated in 82.53% (104/126) and 82.85% (29/35) of cases, respectively. The median survival times (in weeks) in CD34– LSCs was higher than in CD34+ LSCs; EFS (54 vs. 47; P=0.27), RFS (79 vs. 48; P=0.14), and OS (121 vs. 71; P=0.41) were found to be comparable in both groups. Furthermore, the total study cohort was divided into three groups based on diagnostic LSC percentage, i.e., LSCneg (LSC% <0.004%), LSClow (LSC%=0.004%–0.892%), and LSChigh (LSC% >0.892%). The LSChigh group had significantly shorter OS, EFS, and RFS compared to the LSClow and LSCneg groups. Conclusions: This study confirms the presence of LSCs beyond the usual CD34+CD38– compartment; however, there is no difference in survival outcomes in both groups. Also, LSC quantification is a powerful and independent prognostic parameter in AML predicting long-term survival and risk of relapse
Eleven‐marker 10‐color flow cytometric assessment of measurable residual disease for T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia using an approach of exclusion
No full textImmunophenotypic characterization of leukemic stem cells in acute myeloid leukemia using single tube 10‐colour panel by multiparametric flow cytometry: Deciphering the spectrum, complexity and immunophenotypic heterogeneity
No full textIntroduction
Despite extensive research, comprehensive characterization of leukaemic stem cells (LSC) and information on their immunophenotypic differences from normal haematopoietic stem cells (HSC) is lacking. Herein, we attempted to unravel the immunophenotypic (IPT) characteristics and heterogeneity of LSC using multiparametric flow cytometry (MFC) and single-cell sequencing.
Materials and Methods
Bone marrow aspirate samples from patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) were evaluated using MFC at diagnostic and post induction time points using a single tube-10-colour-panel containing LSC-associated antibodies CD123, CD45RA, CD44, CD33 and COMPOSITE (CLL-1, TIM-3, CD25, CD11b, CD22, CD7, CD56) with backbone markers that is, CD45, CD34, CD38, CD117, sCD3. Single-cell sequencing of the whole transcriptome was also done in a bone marrow sample.
Results
LSCs and HSCs were identified in 225/255 (88.2%) and 183/255 (71.6%) samples, respectively. Significantly higher expression was noted for COMPOSITE, CD45RA, CD123, CD33, and CD44 in LSCs than HSCs (p < 0.0001). On comparing the LSC specific antigen expressions between CD34+ (n = 184) and CD34- LSCs (n = 41), no difference was observed between the groups. More than one sub-population of LSC was demonstrated in 4.4% of cases, which further revealed high concordance between MFC and single cell transcriptomic analysis in one of the cases displaying three LSC subpopulations by both methods.
Conclusion
A single tube-10-colour MFC panel is proposed as an easy and reproducible tool to identify and discriminate LSCs from HSCs. LSCs display both inter- and intra-sample heterogeneity in terms of antigen expressions, which opens the facets for single cell molecular analysis to elucidate the role of subpopulations of LSCs in AML progression
