170,643 research outputs found
Using seasonal climate forecasting in agriculture: a participatory decision-making approach
No full textFarm Management,
Differential regulation of cell survival by CD40
No full textThe CD40 cell surface receptor is required for normal function of the immune system and is a positive regulator of cell survival for normal B-lymphocytes. However, there is evidence to support both pro- and anti-apoptotic functions for CD40 in malignant B-cells and epithelial cancers. There is increasing interest in the potential of CD40 activating agents as novel therapies for cancer and it is essential to understand the differential response of malignant cells, to inform the design of trials. Here we review the current understanding of differential responses to CD40 activation and apoptosis controlling proteins regulated by CD40 that might account for these effects
Land use and vegetation change on the Long Mynd
No full textA thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the University of Wolverhampton for the degree of Doctor of PhilosophyThe plant communities of the Long Mynd plateau are the culmination of over 3000 years of human intervention that largely deforested the uplands, and subsequently maintained the generally treeless heath and grassland communities now extant. The capacity of these communities to respond to directional change is well known, indeed the traditional mode of heathland management, burning, depends on the regenerative capacity of the target species, generally heather (Calluna vulgaris), for its success. However, changes in post WW2 stocking practice; the loss of ponies followed by an increase in the numbers of sheep and a change to them being overwintered on the hill, led to excessive grazing and damage to the heath. This coincided with the spread over the hill by bracken (Pteridium aquilinum) and other changes in the distribution and nature of the vegetation. A sequence of vegetation surveys made by various individuals and organisations over the past 75 years or so has been analysed in an attempt to delineate spatial and temporal changes in the vegetation. This demonstrated the need for a standardised survey methodology to allow consistent monitoring. The analysis showed that bracken had been infiltrating most of the communities from its origins outside the lower limits of the Common as well as from some of the valley sides. Within the last decade, this expansion has apparently been contained in line with the current management plan for control. A survey of 730 quadrats in some 30 stands was made to characterise the variation of the vegetation on the plateau, and to relate it to some of the associated environmental factors. Classification, unconstrained ordination and ordination constrained by the abiotic environmental variables, showed that, a) the strongest trend in the vegetation distinguished water-flushed communities, b) non-wetland communities differentiate between heathland and grassland, c) this trend can be only partly be attributed to the measured abiotic environmental variables, d) the amount of pure Pteridietum [U20] is limited, although much of the heathland and grassland has bracken within it. There are indications that invasion by bracken often correlates with a loss of dominance of Calluna in favour of Deschampsia flexuosa and Vaccinium myrtillus. Difficulties in associating these trends with measured abiotic variables suggests, other factors probably management processes, are critical in driving this trend. Distribution of ‘heathland’ bryophytes was found to be associated more with the structure of their ‘host’ vascular communities rather than with abiotic factors. Finally, this investigation considers the practical implications with regard to the future encouragement of heather and the control of bracken. Cutting rather than burning appears to be the ecologically most suitable method for heather regeneration and bracken control
Regulation of tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-induced apoptosis in Burkitt's lymphoma cell lines
No full textTumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a potent inducer of apoptosis in sensitive cells and may be suitable for novel anti-cancer therapies aimed at inducing apoptosis via the activation of TRAIL receptors on malignant cells. Here we have characterized the TRAIL sensitivity of a panel of Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) cell lines. Overall, 5/12 BL cell lines and 1/2 lymphoblastoid cell lines were sensitive to TRAIL-induced apoptosis, although only one BL cell line approached the sensitivity of Jurkat cells, a widely used model for TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Whereas, 4/5 of the Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-negative cell lines were TRAIL sensitive, only 1/7 EBV-positive BL cell lines were TRAIL sensitive. However, isogenic BL cell lines with different EBV status were not differently sensitive to TRAIL, indicating that EBV is not a major determinant of TRAIL sensitivity. All cell lines expressed the death receptor (DR)5 TRAIL receptor, whereas expression of DR4 was more variable. Differences in the expression of downstream signalling molecules [Fas-associated death domain protein (FADD), caspase 8] and inhibitors [decoy receptor 1 (DcR1), cellular FLICE-like inhibitory protein (c-FLIP)] did not correlate with TRAIL sensitivity. Therefore, a subset of BL cell lines are sensitive to TRAIL-induced apoptosis, however, the molecular mechanism that determines responsiveness remains to be identified
Supplemental Material, Packham_Supplementary_Appendix_D - Content validation of the Patient-Reported Hamilton Inventory for Complex Regional Pain Syndrome
No full textSupplemental Material, Packham_Supplementary_Appendix_D for Content validation of the Patient-Reported Hamilton Inventory for Complex Regional Pain Syndrome by Tara L. Packham, Joy C. MacDermid, Susan L. Michlovitz, and Norman Buckley in Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy</p
sj-docx-2-cjo-10.1177_00084174221116638 - Supplemental material for Knowledge Gaps Regarding Indigenous Health in Occupational Therapy: A Delphi Process
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-2-cjo-10.1177_00084174221116638 for Knowledge Gaps Regarding Indigenous Health in Occupational Therapy: A Delphi Process by Claire C. Jacek, Kassandra M. Fritz, Monique E. Lizon and Tara L. Packham in Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy</p
Supplemental Material, Packham_Supplementary_Appendix_B - Content validation of the Patient-Reported Hamilton Inventory for Complex Regional Pain Syndrome
No full textSupplemental Material, Packham_Supplementary_Appendix_B for Content validation of the Patient-Reported Hamilton Inventory for Complex Regional Pain Syndrome by Tara L. Packham, Joy C. MacDermid, Susan L. Michlovitz, and Norman Buckley in Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy</p
Supplemental Material, Packham_Supplementary_Appendix_C - Content validation of the Patient-Reported Hamilton Inventory for Complex Regional Pain Syndrome
No full textSupplemental Material, Packham_Supplementary_Appendix_C for Content validation of the Patient-Reported Hamilton Inventory for Complex Regional Pain Syndrome by Tara L. Packham, Joy C. MacDermid, Susan L. Michlovitz, and Norman Buckley in Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy</p
sj-docx-3-cjo-10.1177_00084174221116638 - Supplemental material for Knowledge Gaps Regarding Indigenous Health in Occupational Therapy: A Delphi Process
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-3-cjo-10.1177_00084174221116638 for Knowledge Gaps Regarding Indigenous Health in Occupational Therapy: A Delphi Process by Claire C. Jacek, Kassandra M. Fritz, Monique E. Lizon and Tara L. Packham in Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy</p
sj-docx-2-cjo-10.1177_00084174231197622 - Supplemental material for Knowledge Gaps Regarding Indigenous Health in Occupational Therapy: A National Survey
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-2-cjo-10.1177_00084174231197622 for Knowledge Gaps Regarding Indigenous Health in Occupational Therapy: A National Survey by Claire C. Jacek, Kassandra M. Fritz, Monique E. Lizon and Tara L. Packham in Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy</p
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