1,721,195 research outputs found
Differential regulation of cell survival by CD40
No full textThe CD40 cell surface receptor is required for normal function of the immune system and is a positive regulator of cell survival for normal B-lymphocytes. However, there is evidence to support both pro- and anti-apoptotic functions for CD40 in malignant B-cells and epithelial cancers. There is increasing interest in the potential of CD40 activating agents as novel therapies for cancer and it is essential to understand the differential response of malignant cells, to inform the design of trials. Here we review the current understanding of differential responses to CD40 activation and apoptosis controlling proteins regulated by CD40 that might account for these effects
Insight into the function of Bcl-2-associated athanogene-1 anti-apoptotic protein during chondrocyte development and differentiation
No full textCallograptus J. Hall 1865
No full textCallograptus J. Hall, 1865 Type species. Callograptus elegans J. Hall, 1865.Published as part of Rickards, R. B., Chapman, A. J., Wright, A. J. & Packham, G. H, 2003, Dendroid and Tuboid Graptolites from the Llandovery (Silurian) of the Four Mile Creek Area, New South Wales, pp. 305-330 in Records of the Australian Museum 55 (3) on page 319, DOI: 10.3853/j.0067-1975.55.2003.138
Acanthograptus Spencer 1878
No full textAcanthograptus Spencer, 1878 Type species. Acanthograptus granti Spencer, 1878; by original designation.Published as part of Rickards, R. B., Chapman, A. J., Wright, A. J. & Packham, G. H, 2003, Dendroid and Tuboid Graptolites from the Llandovery (Silurian) of the Four Mile Creek Area, New South Wales, pp. 305-330 in Records of the Australian Museum 55 (3) on page 322, DOI: 10.3853/j.0067-1975.55.2003.138
Reticulograptus Wiman 1901
No full textReticulograptus Wiman, 1901 Type species. Dictyonema tuberosum Wiman, 1895, by original designation.Published as part of Rickards, R. B., Chapman, A. J., Wright, A. J. & Packham, G. H, 2003, Dendroid and Tuboid Graptolites from the Llandovery (Silurian) of the Four Mile Creek Area, New South Wales, pp. 305-330 in Records of the Australian Museum 55 (3) on page 328, DOI: 10.3853/j.0067-1975.55.2003.138
The synthesis of a combretastatin A-4 based library and discovery of new cooperative ortho-effects in Wittig reactions leading to (Z)-stilbenes
No full textA synthesis of combretastatin A-4 and a small library of analogues led to the discovery of some new cooperative ortho-effects allowing (Z)-stilbenes to be prepared in high yield and diastereomeric ratio.<br/
Current strategies to target the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein in cancer cells
No full textApoptosis (or programmed cell death) is a genetically controlled “cell suicide” pathway which plays an essential role in deleting excess, unwanted or damaged cells during development and tissue homeostasis. Dysregulation of apoptosis contributes to a wide variety of pathological conditions, including AIDS, cardiovascular disease, infectious disease, autoimmunity and neurodegenerative disorders. Resistance to apoptosis is also a common feature in human malignancies, contributing to both the development of cancer and resistance to conventional therapies such as radiation and cytotoxic drugs, which function by activating apoptotic cell death pathways. Bcl-2 is one of the best characterized cell death control proteins; its overexpression confers resistance to a broad range of apoptosis inducers and the cell survival functions of Bcl-2 are activated by translocation in lymphomas and overexpression in many other cancer types. A wealth of experimental data supports the idea that Bcl-2 is an attractive and tractable target for newer molecularly directed anti-cancer strategies, designed to promote cancer cell death. Here we review current understanding of the mechanism of action and importance of Bcl-2 in cancer cells and progress in developing new agents to target this key survival molecule
Expression of the anti-apoptotic MCL-1 is a marker of grade and prognosis in follicular lymphoma (FL)
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