1,721,263 research outputs found
Childhood obesity and environmental pollutants: a dual relationship
No full textThe rise in obesity rates is an alarming global health concern. Despite obesity is mainly due to an unbalanced energy intake and expenditure, several recent studies suggest that it could be a consequence of exposure during critical developmental windows to environmental chemicals disrupting endocrine functions. This suggests that a shift is occurring in the human body pathways used to integrate changing nutritional and environmental variables and to maintain metabolic balance and body weight. This review highlights the role of pesticides, in particular endocrine disrupter ones, on obesity pathogenesis in childhood and summarizes the current under-standing of the major environmental influences on pediatric obesity. (www.actabiomedica.it)
Growth Hormone Therapy in Patients with Short Stature Homebox-Gene (SHOX) deficiency
No full textShort stature homeobox (SHOX) gene is located in the pseudoautosomal region 1 on the distal end of the X and Y chromosomes at Xp22.3 and Yp11.3. The haploinsufficiency of SHOX is correlated with short stature, Leri-Weill dyschondrosteosis, and Langer mesomelic dysplasia. Subjects with Turner syndrome (TS) present a SHOX haploinsufficiency that appears to be substantially responsible for their short stature. Several studies have shown a positive response to GH therapy in patients with TS. Short children with SHOX haploinsufficiency do not spontaneously catch up to attain a normal final height. Considering the positive effects obtained in patients with TS, GH therapy has been proposed for short stature due to isolated SHOX haploinsufficiency. The aim of this paper is to summarize the current data on GH administration in patients with SHOX haploinsufficiency. The conclusion is that GH therapy, at the same dosage used in patients with TS, induces a sustained catch-up growth and a height velocity and adult height gain in short patients with SHOX haploinsufficiency
Evaluation and management of hyperlipidemia in children and adolescents.
No full textPurpose of review. To review the recent findings on evaluation and management of dyslipidemia in childhood and adolescence, giving a critical view on new therapeutic approaches.Recent findings. In 2008, the American Academy of Pediatric released an updated policy statement recommending more frequent screening to detect dyslipidemia in childhood and the first-line use of statins in children with dyslipidemia who did not respond to lifestyleintervention and who were more than 8 years of age. These recommendations have caused a lot of controversy within the medical community and media. This debate is also sharpened by the fact that only few trials have investigated the long-term efficacy of statins on prevention of adult cardiovascular disease, their application indyslipidemias other than familial hypercholesterolemia and the use of new pharmacological tools.The purpose of our paper could not be achieved clearly without a review of the physiology of cholesterol metabolism together with an analysis of causes of primary and secondary dyslipidemia affecting children. Moreover, recent knowledge on lipid lowering therapy is reviewed
Le dislipidemie in età evolutiva: quale approccio
No full textLa prevenzione delle patologie cardiovascolari deve iniziare
già in età pediatrica: la definizione dei parametri lipidici
e di strategie di screening condivise, nonché un corretto
ricorso alla terapia dietetica e farmacologica, rappresentano
presupposti irrinunciabili per migliorare la gestione
del bambino dislipidemico
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