104,483 research outputs found
Overview of Challa, V. R., Prasad, M. G., Shi, Y., and Fisher, F. T.’s 2008 Paper on a Vibration Energy Harvesting Device with Bidirectional Resonance Frequency Tunability
No full textOverview of Challa, V. R., Prasad, M. G., Shi, Y., and Fisher, F. T.’s 2008 Paper on a Vibration Energy Harvesting Device with Bidirectional Resonance Frequency Tunability
Experimental studies on the curing of alternate un-reinforced mould materials using microwave heating
No full textThere is an increasing interest of using microwave technology for curing resins. The heating of the epoxy resins greatly relies on various factors which includes the dielectric properties, kind of waveguide used and the frequency and power used. The majority of curing via microwaves were normally performed on epoxy resins like diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A (DGEBA) with hardeners like 4,4’ diaminodiphenylmethane (DDM). This paper investigates the experimental use of materials such as Casting Resin ADR 2512, High Temperature Resin ADR 2515 and Laminating Resin GPR 2516. Two high temperature hardeners were used together with the resins, mainly ADH 2403 and ADH 2409. Microwave curing resulted in a shorter curing time to reach the maximum percentage cure. Two moulding techniques were studied, mainly curing by placing the mould in the cavity or by preheating the resins prior to pouring the resin into the mould. By preheating the resin, it decreases gel time and improves production rates
A finite element analysis of the hydrodynamic performance of 3- and 4-Fin surfboard configurations
No full textThis study investigates the hydrodynamic performance of three and four fin surfboard configurations using the CFD/CFX approach. CFD models of three and four fin configurations were setup inside a rectangular domain using CFX meshing. Comparisons of performance were evaluated by analysing both lift and drag coefficients for each fin system as a function of the angle of incidence at various speeds. The 2-equation k-epsilon (k-ε) turbulence model was used as the base for simulations of flow velocities of 3, 5, 7 and 10 m/s. In addition the 7-equation Reynolds stress (RSM) turbulence model was also employed for flow velocities of 10 and 25m/s in order to compare the predictions of the k-ε turbulence model. Results demonstrated that the maximum lift for the three fin configuration occurred at a smaller angle of incidence than for the four fin design. However, the magnitude of maximum lift was the same for both designs under the operating conditions considered in this study. The results from this investigation imply that if a surfer desires a greater degree of manoeuvrability (ideal in regular surfing), then the three fin configuration would be more appropriate in comparison to the four fin configuration. This is because the three fin design is more efficient at generating lift during smaller angles of attack compared to the four fin design. However if stability and speed in the surfboard is preferred (favourable in big wave surfing), then the four fin configuration would be more suitable owing to less lift and drag at smaller incidence angles
Livestock production and climate change CABI climate change series ;, 6./ edited by P.K. Malik, R. Bhatta, J. Takahashi, R.A. Kohn, C.S. Prasad.
No full textIncludes bibliographical references and index.In a changing climate, livestock production is expected to exhibit dual roles of mitigation and adaptation in order to meet the challenge of food security. This book approaches the issues of livestock production and climate change through three sections: I. Livestock production, II. Climate change and, III. Enteric methane amelioration. Section I addresses issues of feed quality and availability, abiotic stress (heat and nutritional) and strategies for alleviation, livestock generated nitrogen and phosphorus pollution, and approaches for harnessing the complex gut microbial diversity. Section.Overview / C.S. Prasad, P.K. Malik and R. Bhatta -- Feed Resources vis-à-vis Livestock and Fish Productivity in a Changing Climate / Michael Blümmel, Amare Haileslassie, Mario Herrero, Malcolm Beveridge, Michael Phillips and Petr Havlik -- Strategies for Alleviating Abiotic Stress in Livestock / V. Sejian, Iqbal Hyder, P.K. Malik, N.M. Soren, A. Mech, A. Mishra and J.P. Ravindra -- Nitrogen Emissions from Animal Agricultural Systems and Strategies to Protect the Environment / Richard A. Kohn -- Nutritional Strategies for Minimizing Phosphorus Pollution from the Livestock Industry / P.P. Ray and K.F. Knowlton -- Metagenomic Approaches in Harnessing Gut Microbial Diversity / A. Thulasi, Lyju Jose, M. Chandrasekharaiah, D. Rajendran and C.S. Prasad -- Proteomics in Studying the Molecular Mechanism of Fibre Degradation / N.K. Singh -- Perspective on Livestock-Generated GHGs and Climate / J. Takahashi -- Carbon Footprints of Food of Animal Origin / Gerhard Flachowsky -- Carbon Sequestration and Animal-Agriculture : Relevance and Strategies to Cope with Climate Change / C. Devendra -- Climate Change : Impacts on Livestock Diversity in Tropical Countries / S. Banik, P.K. Pankaj and S. Naskar -- Climate Change : Effects on Animal Reproduction / Jyotirmoy Ghosh, Sujoy K. Dhara and P.K. Malik -- Climate Change : Impact of Meat Production / Levi Mugalavai Musalia -- Indigenous Livestock Resources in a Changing Climate : Indian Perspective / S.P.S. Ahlawat, Pushpendra Kumar, Kush Shrivastava and N.R. Sahoo -- Enteric Methane Emission : Status, Mitigation and Future Challenges -- An Indian Perspective / Raghavendra Bhatta, P.K. Malik and C.S. Prasad -- Thermodynamic and Kinetic Control of Methane Emissions from Ruminants / Richard A. Kohn -- Ionophores : A Tool for Improving Ruminant Production and Reducing Environmental Impact / Natasha Bell, Tryon Wickersham, Vijay Sharma and Todd Callaway -- Residual Feed Intake and Breeding Approaches for Enteric Methane Mitigation / D.P. Berry, J. Lassen and Y. de Haas -- Acetogenesis as an Alternative to Methanogenesis in the Rumen / Emma J. Gagen, Stuart E. Denman and Christopher S. McSweeney -- Immunization and Tannins in Livestock Enteric Methane Amelioration / Yutaka Uyeno -- Phage Therapy in Livestock Methane Amelioration / Rosalind A. Gilbert, Diane Ouwerkerk and Athol V. Klieve -- Feed-based Approaches in Enteric Methane Amelioration / P.K. Malik, R. Bhatta, N.M. Soren, V. Sejian, A. Mech, K.S. Prasad and C.S. Prasad -- Methanotrophs in Enteric Methane Mitigation / N.M. Soren, P.K. Malik and V. Sejian -- Summary / P.K. Malik, R. Bhatta, M. Saravanan and L. Baruah.1 online resource (xi, 395 pages)
Calamagrostis nandadeviensis P. Agnihotri & D. Prasad 2021, sp. nov.
No full text<i>Calamagrostis nandadeviensis</i> P. Agnihotri & D. Prasad, <i>sp. nov.</i> (Figs. 1,2,3,4) <p> <b>Diagnosis:—</b> <i>Calamagrostis nandadeviensis</i> differs from <i>C. lahulensis</i> by its ligules 6.1–7.8 mm long (vs. 1.0– 5.1 mm long), panicle effuse (vs. congested), callus hairs 1.0– 2.6 mm long (vs. 0.8–1.2 mm long) and, from <i>Calamagrostis scabrescens</i> by its short, weakly geniculate awn, hardly exerted from spikelets and 2.6–4.5 mm long (vs. long, geniculate, exerted from spikelet and 4.5–7.7 mm long), however, differs from them by having palea apically deeply cleft (vs. almost entire) and lodicules fused in lower half (vs. not fused).</p> <p> <b>Type:—</b> INDIA. <b>Uttarakhand</b>, Chamoli, Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve, Valley of Flowers National Park, 30.705541N, 79.602266E, 3438 m, 23 August 2019, <i>P. Agnihotri, D. Prasad, S. Jaiswal</i> & <i>R. Yadav 326632</i> (holotype LWG! isotype BSD!).</p> <p> Perennial, woody root stocks, sub-densely tufted grass, 50–60 cm tall. Culms erect, 40–55 cm long, innovation intravaginal, geniculate, scabrous, 2–3 nodes below the panicle. Node glabrous, compressed. Leaf sheath splitoverlapping, closed, scabrid on vein; lower leaf sheaths papery; upper leaf sheaths 15–16 cm long. Leaf blade 8.0–15 × 0.3–0.5 cm, lanceolate-linear, flat or involute, scaberulous on adaxial and abaxial surface; apex acuminate; margin scabrid. Ligules 6.1–7.8 mm long, membranous, abaxial surface scabrous, adaxial surface glabrous. Inflorescence a panicle, 7.0–12 × 1.5–2.0 cm, lanceolate, effuse, open, branched; lower branches in whorls of 2–7, ascending, 2–3 cm long, scabrid. Rachis slender, scabrous. Spikelet 5.2–6.0 × 1.2–1.5 mm, pedicellate, lanceolate, laterally compressed, bearing 1-floret and bare rachilla extension, disarticulating above the glume, purple; glumes subequal, floret hermaphrodite. Pedicel shorter than spikelet, scabrous. Lower glume 5.2–6.0 × 1.1–1.2 mm, 1-keeled, 1-nerved, narrowly lanceolate, navicular, purple, scaberulous; apex acuminate; margin scabrid on upper half; keel scabrid. Upper glume 5.0–5.8 × 1.1–1.3 mm, 1-keeled, 3-nerved, narrowly lanceolate, navicular, purple; apex acuminate; margin ciliate on upper half; keel scabrid. Callus hairs 1.0– 2.6 mm long, shorter than half of the lemma. Lemma 3.8–4.9 × 1.3–1.7 mm, 5-nerved, elliptic, navicular, scabrous on upper 3/4 th, 2–4 toothed, awned; apex acute, hyaline, lateral mucro 0.4–0.7 mm long; margin membranous. Awns 2.6–4.5 mm long, slender, scabrous, inserted nearly at middle of lemma. Rachilla 1.5–2.1 mm long; penicillate hairs 2.3–3.2 mm long. Palea 3.1–3.7 mm, 2-keeled, lanceolate, hyaline, deeply bifid; apex acute; ratio of palea to lemma 0.76–0.82 mm. Stamens 3; anther 1.7–2.1 mm long. Lodicules-2, fused on lower half, ovate, apex truncate, 0.6–0.8 × 0.23–0.24 mm.</p> <p> <b>Flowering and fruiting:—</b> July to September.</p> <p> <b>Distribution, habitat and biotic association:—</b> <i>Calamagrostis nandadeviensis</i> is known from two localities, the type locality, Valley of Flowers National Park, one of the core zones of Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve, and in alpine meadows around the Rohtang Pass (Fig. 3). In both the localities, <i>C. nandadeviensis</i> was found growing associated with <i>Briza media</i> Linnaeus (1753: 70), <i>Bromus catharictus</i> Vahl (1791: 22), <i>Dactylis glomerata</i> Linnaeus (1753: 71), <i>Festuca ovina</i> Linnaeus (1753: 73) and <i>Poa alpina</i> Linnaeus (1753: 67) at an elevation ranging from 3400 m to 3700 m in alpine meadows. The Valley of Flowers National Park, Uttarakhand is well known for plant diversity and endemism. About 28 species of grasses have been reported in this region (Bisht <i>et al.</i> 2018). On the other hand, Rohtang Pass is a high mountain pass situated on the eastern Pir Panjal Range of the Himalayas at about 51 km from Manali in Himachal Pradesh. It demarcates Kullu valley from Lahaul Spiti valley in Himachal Pradesh. These regions are characterized by large range of alpine meadows, an open habitat in which grass and non-woody plants are predominately present. As the Valley of Flowers National Park is a protected area, so vegetation of this place is intact from external anthropogenic pressure whereas, Rohtang Pass is an unprotected area, open for tourists and local people, which render its vegetation threatened. Plants growing in this region face anthropogenic threats cause due to overgrazing by animals, increased tourism, etc., and hence the plant diversity is at a risk of extinction in the future.</p> <p> <b>Etymology:—</b> The species is named after its type locality Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve.</p> <p> <b>Taxonomic notes and remarks:—</b> <i>Calamagrostis nandadeviensis</i> is closely allied to <i>C. lahulensis</i> and <i>C. scabrescens,</i> distributed in Himalayan Region and, often similar to <i>C. nagarum</i> (Bor) G. Singh (1984: 94), known only from north-east India (Bor 1960, Kellogg <i>et al.</i> 2020) and two other species known only from China and Myanmar, <i>C. himalaica</i> (Liou ex Chen) Paszko (2015: 142) and <i>C. nyinghchinesis</i> (P. C. Kuo & S. L. Lu) Paszko (2016: 51), which are collectively recognized by similar length of spikelet, more or less scabrid glume and geniculate awns inserted nearly at the middle or above the middle of the dorsal surface of the lemma (Bor 1960, Noltie 2000, Lu & Philips 2006, Paszko 2014). <i>C. nandadeviensis</i> differs from <i>C. lahulensis</i> and <i>C. scabrescens</i> in circumscriptions of habit, leaf blade, ligule, panicle and spikelet (Table 1. Fig. 4.), whereas clearly distinguishable from <i>C. nagarum</i> by having leaf blade 8–15 cm long (vs. 15–30 cm long), ligule 6.1–7.8 mm long (vs. 1–2 mm long) and panicle 7–12 cm long, lanceolate (vs. 12–20 cm long, ovate) (Shukla 1996). However, <i>C. himalaica</i> is recognized by spikelet occasionally bearing 2- florets and awn 4.5–10 mm long, which is conspicuously exerted from spikelet (Paszko 2014) and <i>C. nyinghchinesis</i> by shorter length of anther, that is 0.7–1.1 mm long (Paszko 2016), therefore, <i>C. nandadeviensis</i> is clearly distinct from them.</p> <p> <b> Additional specimens examined:— <i>Calamagrostis nandadeviensis sp. nov.</i> (paratype):</b> INDIA. <b>Himachal Pradesh</b>, Kullu, Manali, on the way to Rohtang pass, near Maharishi Vedvyas temple, 32.359364N, 77.230075E, 3673 m, 5 August 2019, <i>D. Prasad</i> & <i>R. Yadav 316275</i>, (LWG!).</p> <p> <b> <i>Calamagrostis lahulensis</i>:</b> INDIA. <b>Himachal Pradesh:</b> Kullu, Manali, 10 km before Rohtang Pass, 32.35789N, 77.21695E, 3635 m, 5August 2019, <i>D. Prasad & R. Yadav 316250, 326868,</i> (LWG!); Marhi, 32.348869N, 77.223234E, 3372 m, 7 August 2019, <i>D. Prasad & R. Yadav 326811, 326814</i> (LWG!).</p> <p> <b> <i>Calamagrostis scabrescens</i>:</b> INDIA. <b>Jammu & Kashmir</b>: Kashmir, Sonsal Nullah, Liddar Valley, 3962–4267 m, 31 July 1893, <i>J.D. Hooker 13349,</i> (DD!); Kashmir, Anantnag, Liddar Valley, 3350–3660 m, 22 July 1892, <i>J.D. Hooker 12220</i> (DD!); Kashmir, Campus of University of Kashmir, 34.051208°N, 74.051208°E, 2662 m, 22 July 2019, <i>S Tripathi, R Yadav</i> & <i>S Jaiswal 316841,</i> (LWG!). <b>Himachal Pradesh:</b> Kullu, Manali, on the way to Marhi, 32.356538N, 77.222545E, 3528 m, 7 August 2019, <i>D. Prasad, R. Yadav 314813,</i> (LWG!). <b>Uttarakhand:</b> Chamoli, Nandadevi Biosphere Reserve, Valley of Flowers National Park, 30.712096N, 79.592776E, 3417 m, 23 August 2019, <i>P. Agnihotri, D. Prasad, R. Yadav</i> & <i>S. Jaiswal 326763, 326762</i> (LWG!).</p> <p> <b>Table 1.</b> Comparison of morphological characters (states or ranges) of <b> <i>Calamagrostis lahulensis</i>, <i>C. scabrescens</i></b> and <i>C. nandadeviensis sp. nov.</i></p>Published as part of <i>Prasad, Dileshwar, Tripathi, Shailja, Jaiswal, Shubham, Yadav, Rekha & Agnihotri, Priyanka, 2021, Calamagrostis nandadeviensis (Poaceae, Agrostidinae), a new grass species from India, pp. 221-228 in Phytotaxa 505 (2)</i> on pages 222-227, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.505.2.8, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/5425451">http://zenodo.org/record/5425451</a>
Foreword to the Special Issue on Earth Observation Approaches for Large Area Land Monitoring With Multiple Sensors and Resolutions
No full textDr. Glendon Swarthout
No full textHosted by Roger M. Busfield, MSU Assistant Professor of Speech and Theater, Meet the Author is designed to introduce a general audience to a contemporary author and their work through in-depth interviews. This episode features a conversation between Dr. Glendon Swarthout, prolific author and English professor at MSU, and assistant professors Sam S. Baskett and Theodore B. Strandness
Compressional wave velocity and quality factor characteristics of selected KTB core samples
No full textSimulation of thermal plant optimization and hydraulic aspects of thermal distribution loops for large campuses
No full textFollowing an introduction, the author describes Texas A&M University and its utilities system. After that, the author presents how to construct simulation models for chilled water and heating hot water distribution systems. The simulation model was used in a $2.3 million Ross Street chilled water pipe replacement project at Texas A&M University. A second project conducted at the University of Texas at San Antonio was used as an example to demonstrate how to identify and design an optimal distribution system by using a simulation model. The author found that the minor losses of these closed loop thermal distribution systems are significantly higher than potable water distribution systems. In the second part of the report, the author presents the latest development of software called the Plant Optimization Program, which can simulate cogeneration plant operation, estimate its operation cost and provide optimized operation suggestions. The author also developed detailed simulation models for a gas turbine and heat recovery steam generator and identified significant potential savings. Finally, the author also used a steam turbine as an example to present a multi-regression method on constructing simulation models by using basic statistics and optimization algorithms. This report presents a survey of the author??s working experience at the Energy Systems Laboratory (ESL) at Texas A&M University during the period of January 2002 through March 2004. The purpose of the above work was to allow the author to become familiar with the practice of engineering. The result is that the author knows how to complete a project from start to finish and understands how both technical and nontechnical aspects of a project need to be considered in order to ensure a quality deliverable and bring a project to successful completion. This report concludes that the objectives of the internship were successfully accomplished and that the requirements for the degree of Degree of Engineering have been satisfied
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