31 research outputs found
Una famiglia di elementi finiti per la piastra inflessa basata sull espansione in polinomi ortogonali della curvatura
In questo lavoro viene presentata un famiglia di elementi finiti semplici per il modello della piastra
sottile inflessa (KP da Kirchhoff Plate). La letteratura sull’argomento `e molto vasta e nonostante che
dall’inizio dell’era degli elementi finiti siano state formulate centinaia di proposte la questione `e ancora
aperta come testimoniato dalla pubblicazione abbastanza regolare di nuove formulazioni sulle riviste
specializzate. La famiglia di elementi finiti qui proposta, denominata ACKP (Approximate Compatible
Kirchhoff) `e basata su una constatazione molto semplice ma apparentemente ignorata fino ad oggi: dato
un campo di spostamenti trasversali definito su un elemento, espandendo le sue curvature in serie di
polinomi ortogonali, i coefficienti della parte affine dell’espansione dipendono solamente dalla traccia
e dalla traccia normale ( derivata normale) dello spostamento sulla frontiera dell’elemento. In
altre parole, le traccie dello spostamento elementare definiscono completamente una approssimazione
affine della curvatura interna, ottimale nel senso che coincide con la proiezione della curvatura (delle
sue componenti) nello spazio dei polinomi affini rispetto ad una norma appropriata. Partendo da questo
presupposto, negli elementi ACKP si rinuncia ad una descrizione del campo di spostamenti interno
assumendo invece un andamento polinomiale per le traccie di tipo compatibile che garantisce cio`e la
continuit`a inter-elementare di spostamenti e derivate prime. L’energia elastica dell’elemento viene determinata
in base all’approssimazione affine delle curvature ottenuta dalle tracce. La convergenza degli
elementi ACKP `e garantita dal soddisfacimento quasi automatico dello IET(Individual Element Test).
Si dimostra, inoltre, che su base elementare l’energia elastica di un elemento ACKP `e sempre inferiore a
quella di un corrispondente elemento compatibile, cio`e di un elemento CKP con le stesse traccie. Questo
fatto mitiga uno dei difetti maggiori degli elementi CKP ovvero l’eccessiva rigidezza (tacendo su quanto
complicata sia la loro costruzione), e fa dell’ ACKP un elemento semplice, dotato cio`e dei classici gradi
di libert`a ingegneristici, con caratteristiche interessanti. La sperimentazione numerica ha rilevato che la
rigidezza dell’ACKP `e intermedia tra quella degli elementi DKP (Discrete Kirchhoff Plate) e quelle di
tipo CK
A new plate bending element based on orthogonal polynomials expansion of the curvature field
A new approach to derive finite elements for the thin plate model is presented. The proposed method approximates compatible Kirchhoff formulations by means of orthogonal polynomials expansion of the curvature field depending only on the element boundary traces. With respect to the compatible formulation the proposed method produces elements that beneficially underestimate the deformation energy. A simple triangular element is developed and investigated from both the theoretical and the numerical point of view and numerically compared with other two well-known elements
Relaxed notions of curvature and a lumped strain method for elastic plates
The paper proposes an approximation method, lumped strain method (LSM), for
elastic plates based on generalized notions of the Gaussian and mean curvatures and on a relaxation
of the energy functional to the space of continuous piecewise linear functions. The method adapts
ideas from the theory of -convergence. We restrict our attention to the case of the simply supported
plate and state the proof of convergence of the method. We give an application to the rhombic plate
and compare the results with those obtained by standard nite element approximations
An unconstrained mixed method for the biharmonic problem
In this work we present a finite element method for the biharmonicproblem based
on the primal mixed formulation of Ciarlet and Raviart [A mixed finite element method for the
biharmonic equation, in Symposium on Mathematical Aspects of Finite Elements in Partial Differential
Equations, C. de Boor, ed., Academic Press, New York, 1974, pp. 125–143]. We introduce a
dual mesh and a suitable approximation of the constraint that enables us to eliminate the auxiliary
variable with no computational effort. Thus, the discrete problem turns to be governed by a system
of linear equations with symmetric and positive definite coefficients and can be solved by classical
algorithms. The construction of the stiffness matrix is obtained by using Courant triangles and can
be done with great efficiency
Analysis of the cyclic behaviour of shear connections in steel-concrete composite bridge due to moving loads
It is presented a numerical procedure able to analyse the structural behavior of steelconcrete
composite beams subjected to moving loads, considering the actual cyclic nonlinear
relationship between the shear force and the slip of the connectors. The procedure allows to
determine the oscillograms of the slip and the shear force of each connector corresponding to the
transit of an assigned loading pattern. Fatigue checks, based on the strain-life approach can be
carried out using such a numerical tool. The procedure was used to study the cyclic behavior of
the connection of a 40 m span simply supported bridge-type beam subjected to a severe loading
model: fatigue model 1 (ENV 1991-3) with a heavy abnormal 15 axles vehicle (3600 kN). The
results allowed to assess the damage accumulated in the connectors due to one thousand transits
of the considered load. Significant damage occurs in the studs close to mid-span
EXPERIMENTAL DETERMINATION OF THE ELASTIC EQUILIBRIUM RESPONSE OF CARBON BLACK FILLED RUBBERS
The experimental determination of the pure elastic response of filled rubbers remains a major challenge due to the very long times required for the viscoelastic effects to dissipate. Starting from an expedient proposed in 1930, we deal with an experimental procedure capable of dissipating viscoelastic effects in reasonably short times, to obtain a point-wise estimation of the intrinsic elastic response of the material
