1,721,221 research outputs found
Modeling Pareto efficient PM10 control policies in Northern Italy to reduce health effects
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An interactive tool for fractional order PID controllers
No full textIn this paper we present a Sysquake interactive software tool for the analysis and the design of fractional order proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers. In particular, the tool allows to analyze the effect of changing user-chosen parameters both in the time and frequency domain. In the time domain, set-point and load disturbance step responses of the control system are shown, as well as the effect of measurement noise. In the frequency domain, the Bode diagrams of all the most important closed-loop transfer functions are plotted. It is believed that this kind of Computer Aided Control System Design tools are essential in allowing a widespread use of fractional PID controllers in industry
Multi-criteria analysis for PM10 planning
No full textTo implement sound air quality policies, Regulatory Agencies require tools to evaluate outcomes and costs associated to different emission reduction strategies. These tools are even more useful when considering atmospheric PM10 concentrations due to the complex
nonlinear processes that affect production and accumulation of the secondary fraction of this pollutant. The approaches presented in the literature (Integrated Assessment Modeling) are mainly cost-benefit and cost-effective analysis. In this work, the formulation of a multi-objective problem to control particulate matter is proposed. The methodology defines: (a) the control objectives (the air quality indicator and the emission reduction cost functions); (b) the decision variables (precursor emission reductions); (c) the problem constraints (maximum feasible technology reductions). The cause-effect relations between air quality indicators and decision variables are identified tuning nonlinear source–receptor models. The multi-objective problem solution provides to the decision maker a set of not-dominated scenarios representing the efficient trade-off between the air quality benefit and the internal costs (emission reduction technology costs). The methodology has been implemented for Northern Italy, often affected by high long-term exposure to PM10. The source–receptor models used in the multi-objective analysis are
identified processing long-term simulations of GAMES multiphase modeling system, performed in the framework of CAFE-Citydelta project
A multi-objective nonlinear optimization approach to design effective air quality control policies
No full textThis paper presents the implementation of a two-objective optimization methodology to select effective tropospheric ozone pollution control strategies on a mesoscale domain. The objectives considered are (a) the emission reduction cost and (b) the Air Quality Index. The control variables are the precursor emission reductions due to available technologies. The nonlinear relationship linking air quality objective and precursor emissions is described by artificial neural networks, identified by processing deterministic Chemical Transport Modeling system simulations. Pareto optimal solutions are calculated with the Weighted Sum Strategy. The two-objective problem has been applied to a complex domain in Northern Italy, including the Milan metropolitan area, a region characterized by frequent and persistent ozone episodes
Simulazioni e modelli per la qualità dell'aria (Simulations and models for air quality)
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Artificial Neural Networks to reconstruct incomplete satellite data: application to the Mediterranean Sea Surface Temperature
No full textSensitivity to spatial resolution of modeling systems designing air quality control policies
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