60,267 research outputs found
Safety and tolerability profile of new antiepileptic drug treatment in children with epilepsy
No full textIntroduction: Treatment of pediatric epilepsy requires a careful evaluation of the safety and tolerability profile of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) to avoid or minimize as much as possible adverse events (AEs) on various organs, hematological parameters, and growth, pubertal, motor, cognitive and behavioral development.Areas covered: Treatment-emergent AEs (TEAEs) reported in the literature 2000-2018 regarding second- and third-generation AEDs used in the pediatric age, with exclusion of the neonatal period that exhibits specific peculiarities, have been described on the basis of their frequency, severity/tolerability, and particular association with a given AED.Expert opinion: Somnolence/sedation and behavioral changes, like irritability and nervousness, are among the most commonly observed TEAEs associated with almost all AEDs. Lamotrigine, Gabapentin, Oxcarbazepine, and Levetiracetam appear to be the best-tolerated AEDs with a <= 2% withdrawal rate, while Tiagabine and Everolimus are discontinued in up to >20% of the patients because of intolerable TEAEs. For some AEDs, literature data are scanty to draw a high-level evidence on their safety and tolerability profile. The reasons are: insufficient population size, short duration of treatments, or lack of controlled trials. A future goal is that of identifying clearer, easier, and more homogeneous methodological strategies to facilitate AED testing in pediatric populations
Una insolita statuetta di Dionysos da un bothros presso il Tempio Ionico di Siracusa
No full textThe unusual terracotta of Dionysus and other figurines included in this article come from a votive pit (bothros) discovered
near the Ionian Temple of Syracuse during the excavations carried out between 1973 and 1976. This study, commissioned
to me by F. Fouilland in 2016, constitutes a short appendix to the broader work that she addressed on the context and on all the
materials and published here. The article is completed by an Appendix with some figurines of the votive deposits found underneath the foundation of the Ionian Temple, the same from which the well-known sphinx head, a masterpiece of archaic Sicilian clay craftsmanship, comes. In order to better frame the discovery of these figurines I offer a brief excursus on the archaeological researches conducted in this area of Ortigia, since the investigations of P. Orsi to those carried out in more recent years. It is an area that, in addition to the exceptional discovery of the Artemision and the Athenaion, presents an uninterrupted succession of evidence, especially of worship, from the 8th century B.C
Worldline approach to quantum field theories on flat manifolds with boundaries
No full textWe study a worldline approach to quantum field theories on flat manifolds
with boundaries. We consider the concrete case of a scalar field propagating on
R_+ x R^D-1 which leads us to study the associated heat kernel through a one
dimensional (worldline) path integral. To calculate the latter we map it onto
an auxiliary path integral on the full R^D using an image charge. The main
technical difficulty lies in the fact that a smooth potential on R_+ x R^D-1
extends to a potential which generically fails to be smooth on R^D. This
implies that standard perturbative methods fail and must be improved. We
propose a method to deal with this situation. As a result we recover the known
heat kernel coefficients on a flat manifold with geodesic boundary, and compute
two additional ones, A_3 and A_7/2. The calculation becomes sensibly harder
as the perturbative order increases, and we are able to identify the complete
A_7/2 with the help of a suitable toy model. Our findings show that the
worldline approach is viable on manifolds with boundaries. Certainly, it would
be desirable to improve our method of implementing the worldline approach to
further simplify the perturbative calculations that arise in the presence of
non-smooth potentials
Applicazione della funzione di trasferimento della modulazione all’analisi del canto gregoriano
No full text
A 2 h periodic variation in the low-mass X-ray binary Ser X-1
No full textSpectroscopy of the low-mass X-ray binary Ser X-1 using the Gran Telescopio Canarias have revealed a ?2 h periodic variability that is present in the three strongest emission lines. We tentatively interpret this variability as due to orbital motion, making it the first indication of the orbital period of Ser X-1. Together with the fact that the emission lines are remarkably narrow, but still resolved, we show that a main-sequence K dwarf together with a canonical 1.4 M? neutron star gives a good description of the system. In this scenario, the most likely place for the emission lines to arise is the accretion disc, instead of a localized region in the binary (such as the irradiated surface or the stream-impact point), and their narrowness is due instead to the low inclination (?10°) of Ser X-1
Metabotropic glutamate 2 receptors modulate synaptic inputs and calcium signals in striatal cholinergic interneurons
No full textStriatal cholinergic interneurons were recorded from a rat slice preparation. Synaptic potentials evoked by intrastriatal stimulation revealed three distinct components: a glutamatergic EPSP, a GABAA-mediated depolarizing potential, and an acetylcholine (ACh)-mediated IPSP. The responses to group II metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptor activation were investigated on the isolated components of the synaptic potentials. Each pharmacologically isolated component was reversibly reduced by bath-applied LY379268 and ((2S,1′R,2′R,3′R)-2-(2,3- dicarboxylcyclopropyl)-glycine, group II agonists. In an attempt to define the relevance of group II mGlu receptor activation on cholinergic transmission, we focused on the inhibitory effect on the IPSP, which was mimicked and occluded by ω-agatoxin IVA (ω-Aga-IVA), suggesting a modulation on P-type high-voltage-activated calcium channels. Spontaneous calcium-dependent plateau-potentials (PPs) were recorded with cesium-filled electrodes plus tetraethyl..
- …
