3,177 research outputs found
Studi ecofisiologici sui sistemi agroforestali per potenziare la resilienza e la sostenibilità nella coltivazione delle colture erbacee
No full textClimate change is one of the leading threats to agricultural production stability; thus, the development and implementation of sustainable cropping systems becomes absolutely necessary. Silvoarable systems, which represent an integration of trees with crops, offer considerable ecosystem services that can balance some of the detrimental effects of intensive agriculture. New HES poplar clones are studied in growth and phenology-in a traditional plantation design and in a low-density silvoarable alley system.
Different cultivars of winter wheat and cereals, under artificial shading conditions simulating a silvo-arable environment, were studied from 2021 to 2023. It was found that the silvo-arable system showed a diameter increase of 16% for poplars but a height decrease of 8% compared to a conventional plantation. This advantage in growth was because of less competition.
During the period 2019-2024, grain yields of winter wheat next to the trees were equal or even higher compared with the center of the poplar rows. Losses of yield in summer crops, such as maize, because of shading reached up to 27%. Microclimatic differences showed that the west side of the tree rows was better for winter crops, while for summer crops, the east side was less problematic.
Interactions between trees and crops proved to be quite variable. Poplar rows enhanced microclimatic conditions due to soil moisture retention and reduced temperatures but competed for light. Artificial shading trials did manage to simulate agroforestry systems, resulting in increased yields on the west aspect of shading barriers.
Modern varieties of wheat adapted very well to shading but resulted in lower relative yields as compared to local varieties. In barley and triticale, artificial shading caused positive morphological responses, but yields were reduced. Overall, poplars grown in widely spaced silvoarable systems could grow faster due to their improved accessibility to light and soil resources.
The study concludes that dynamic artificial shading may allow species selection for shading tolerance. However, local varieties show mechanisms that could be adaptive under severe shading conditions, while modern wheat varieties grow well under full sun as well as under shading conditions. Growing forage varieties of winter cereals is also advisable, since biomass is less affected compared to grain yields. Further analysis of phenology and photosynthetic parameters will increase genotype identification tolerant to shading
Assessing the Impact of Poplars in Silvoarable Systems on Microclimate and Soybean yield
No full textPrecise Measurement of Gas Volumes by Means of Low-Offset MEMS Flow Sensors with μL/min Resolution
No full textExperiments devoted to evaluate the performance of a MEMS thermal flow sensor in measuring gas volumes are described. The sensor is a single-chip platform, including several sensing structures and a low-offset, low-noise readout interface. A recently proposed offset compensation approach is implemented obtaining low temperature drift and excellent long time stability. The sensor is fabricated by applying a simple micromachining procedure to a chip produced using the BCD6s process of STMicroelectronics. Application of a gas conveyor allowed inclusion of the sensing structure into a channel of sub-millimeter cross-section. The results of measurements performed by making controlled air volumes pass through the sensor channel in both directions at rates from 0.1 to 5 mL/min are described
A CMOS compatible micro-Pirani vacuum sensor based on mutual heat transfer with 5-decade operating range and 0.3 Pa detection limit
No full textA Pirani vacuum sensor based on mutual heating between a heater and a distinct temperature probe, separated by a 5 Î1⁄4m air gap, is proposed. The sensor is fabricated by applying a simple post-processing procedure to chips designed and fabricated using the BCD6s process (Bipolar-CMOS-DMOS) of STMicroelectronics. The sensor layout has been optimized to exploit the layers of the original process in order to enhance the sensor performance. The sensors exhibit a resolution better than 0.4 Pa from nearly 0.3 Pa to 1 kPa and better than 50 Pa from 1 kPa to 100 kPa. The sensor response at the lower extreme of the pressure interval is marked by an offset voltage, which is three orders of magnitude smaller than the full-scale value. Finite Element Method simulations suggest that the offset is due to pressure-independent heat transfer due to radiation and conduction through the substrate. The simulated equivalent offset drift is 50 MPa/K
Central Velocity Dispersion Measurements in M30 and Five other Centraliy Concentrated GGC's
No full textHigh resolution kinematics of galactic globular clusters. 2: On the significance of velocity dispersion measurements
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Rozpor ako východisko, láska ako smer u Simone Weilovej (Contradiction as base, Love as direction in writings of Simone Weil)
No full textArticle is explaining contradiction and love, Simone Weil‘s essential terms of hermeneutics of human Being. It introduces close relation of these terms with her understanding of God as well as with her overall concept of religion. Author also mentions Simone Weil‘s inspirations with philosophical and spiritual concepts of the East
“I beg you to tell me what has become of Djamila”: The Political Mobilization of Simone de Beauvoir’s Readers During the Boupacha Affair
No full textBy Sophia Millman This is a condensed version of a Masters thesis dedicated to the political mobilization of Simone de Beauvoir’s readers. The citations from the letters were translated from French by the author. *** On June 2, 1960, the French government ordered all copies of the daily Algiers edition of Le Monde seized and destroyed to suppress the publication of Simone de Beauvoir’s article “Pour Djamila Boupacha.” Beauvoir, a self-professed “woman of letters”, not “of action[1]”, and one ..
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