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Nannipieri, P., Ascher, J., Ceccherini, M.T., Landi, L., Pietramellara, G. & Renella, G. 2003. Microbial diversity and soil functions. European Journal of Soil Science, 54, 655–670.: Reflections by P. Nannipieri, J. Ascher-Jenull, M. T. Ceccherini, L. Giagnoni, G. Pietramellara & G. Renella
No full textOur review of 2003 discussed the meaning of both microbial diversity and microbial activity at the dawn of the ‘soil omics’ era. It focused on problems with the methods to determine them and on the main ways that soil functions depend on microbial processes. Between 2003 and 2016, the molecular techniques applied in the study of soil microbial diversity have improved markedly. Sequencing techniques today provide accurate estimates of microbial diversity in soil, whereas determining the expression of microbial genes as synthesized proteins is still problematic (Renella et al., 2014a). The assumption was and still is that with a fuller understanding of microbial diversity we might be able to control some soil functions. This is a fallacy because soil functions depend on microbial activity and not only on microbial diversity. A better understanding of the link between microbial diversity and microbial activity might be obtained by an integration of molecular and classical techniques. Sequencing techniques have confirmed the primary role of soil properties in shaping soil microbial diversity and the redundancy of species involved in soil processes such as the mineralization of organic C. Future research should improve techniques for the characterization of soil proteomics, promote the combination of classical and molecular approaches, promote hypothesis‐ more than technology‐driven research and propose molecular markers as indicators of soil quality, for example, the gene copy/gene expression or gene/enzyme activity ratios
Use of humic substances as soil conditioners to increase aggregate stability. Geoderma, 75:267-277 (1997).
No full textChanges in functional and genetic diversity of soil microbial community under different types of plant cover
No full textSoil as a biological system
Get PDFSoil plays a fundamental and irreplaceable role in the biosphere because it governs plant productivity of terrestrial ecosystem, allows the completion of the biogeochemical cycles and microorganisms inhabiting soil degrade, sooner or later, all organic compounds including those more recalcitrant. The main characteristics of soil are the domination of the solid phase, the presence of aqueous and gaseous phase and its capacity of reactions by surface active particles. These characteristics influence the biological processes carried out by the organisms inhabiting soil. A peculiarity of soil as a biological system is that it is a structured, heterogeneous, discontinuous system with organisms living in discrete microhabitats called "hot spots", that represents a small proportion (generally lower than 5%) of the overall available space. The chemical, physical and biological characteristics of these microhabitats differ both in time and space. To explain the capacity of soil to degrade all organic compounds the concepts of "microbial consortia", acquisition of novel degradation pathways by soil microorganisms, "extracellular enzymes" and "enzymatic combustion" were introduced
Microbial biomass-C and basal respiration of fine earth and highly altered rock fragments of two forest soils
No full textSkeleton versus fine earth: what information is stored in the mobile extracellular soil DNA fraction?
No full textBeyond microbial diversity for predicting soil functions: A mini review.
No full textSince the advent of sequencing technologies, the determination of microbial diversity to predict microbial functions, which are the major determinants of soil functions, has become a major topic of interest, as evidenced by the 900 publications dealing with soil metagenome published up to 2017. However, the detection of a gene in soil does not mean that the relative function is expressed, and the presence of a particular taxon does not mean that the relative functions determined in pure culture also occur in the studied soil. Another critical step is to link microbial community composition or function to the product analyzed to determine flux rates. Indeed, flux rates might not only be highly dynamic, but several metabolites can depend on different reactions, which makes the link to one process of interest difficult or even impossible. This review also discusses biases caused by sampling, storage of samples, DNA extraction and purification, sequencing (amplicon- vs. metagenome sequencing), and bioinformatic data analysis. Insights and the limits of predicting microbial interactions by network inference methods are critically discussed, and finally, future directions for a better understanding of soil functions by using measurements of microbial diversity are presented
Effect of plant nitrogen ultilizing efficiencies on Rhizospheric proteolytic bacterial communities of two maize inbred lines
No full textEffect of two maize lines with different N uptake efficienc
Pedologia e mal dell'esca della vite: indagine sulle comunità batteriche e fungine del suolo
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