1,720,998 research outputs found
University-Industry linkages among Italian regions: a Supply-Demand analysis
No full textThe aim of this work is to investigate University-Industry (U-I) collaborations in biopharmaceuticals applying a supply-demand analysis at a regional level. As the most representative science-based industry, the biopharmaceutical, unlike other high-tech industry, has the vital need to engage in research activities with universities and public research centers to exploit knowledge spillovers, essential to its growth. Using co-publishing as a proxy for U-I linkages we explore through a supply-demand analysis the “market for co-publication” among Italian regions. Moreover, using a dataset constructed for the purpose of the research, we are able to exploit, for the first time, the panel dimension of data to investigate the determinants of U-I collaborations applying probabilistic models over a wide time horizon, which goes from 2001 to 2010.
Among the main results, we document: i) a marked shortage of demand for collaborations coming from firms; ii) heterogeneity among universities’ interaction performances; iii) limited collaborations with multinationals, often activated with the country of origin rather than with local branches; iv) positive impact on U-I linkages of geographical proximity, stock of academic staff and agglomeration of firms
Spirit of Innovation or Historical Tradition? The Complex Dilemma of EU Policy for Renowned Products
No full textThe preservation of origin through the geographical indication (GI) scheme has evolved from an EU policy tool for high-quality agrifood products to an instrument of international governance, green transition and property rights competition. The new 2024 EU Law of GIs aims to strengthen the historical value of such a scheme and support its role in indirectly generating socio-economic spillovers at the territorial level. This article analyses the effects of GI EU policy on innovation in the agrifood technological fields at the municipality level over the 1991–2020 period in Italy. Whilst the EU scheme is preserving the essence of tradition, it may impede the adoption of innovative practices, which, according to the EU Green Deal, are considered crucial for bolstering competitiveness, sustainability and resilience. However, the linkage between products and the region of origin triggers a virtuous circle of informal inter-organisational collaborations and shared values that may spur innovations. Using propensity score matching and difference-in-differences models, we analyse how the acknowledgement of GIs impacts the agrifood innovation performance of Italian municipalities. The results show that GIs, thanks to their territorially sensitive nature, do not limit the innovation performance of territories, though there is no significant positive effect on it either. This helps avoid excessive scaremongering about the impact of tradition-oriented quality schemes on innovation. The place-based nature of policies can create favourable conditions that do not hinder innovation, despite their primary focus, even if more direct policy actions are needed
Inclusive Europe : the impact of the EU Cohesion Policy on immigrants’ economic integration in Italy
Full text linkBy examining the impacts of the Cohesion Policy on immigrants’ economic integration, this study pro-
vides evidence on how the European Union promotes inclusion. Focusing on Italian municipalities, we
estimate the causal effects of immigrant-related projects on the wage gap between natives and immigrants
during the 2007–2018 period. We find a significant decrease in the average wage gap of approximately
7.6%. Specifically, Cohesion Policy played a positive role in immigrant economic inclusion through in-
terventions targeted at supporting the employment and mobility of workers. For the inclusive dimension of the Next Generation EU program, this is key evidence to start with
Interregional redistribution and risk sharing through public budget. The case of Italy in times of crisis (2000-2016)
No full textSince the post-war period, large differences in economic performance of Italian regions have brought the public sector to play a predominant role in interregional redistribution and risk sharing. However, the recent Great Crisis may have changed this attitude. The comparison of regional Net Fiscal Flows in the periods 2000–2008 and 2009–2016 shows that in the aftermath of the crisis fiscal policies lost substantial part of their effectiveness in both interregional long-run redistribution and short-run income stabilization. Over time, the role of government in providing support to poorer regions and to areas more severely hit by the economic slump becomes less significant and sometimes even perverse, amplifying rather than counterbalancing regional differences in per capita income and financial capacity
University-Industry Collaboration in the Biopharmaceuticals: the Italian Case,
No full textWe investigate the determinants of University–Industry (U–I) interactions in the biopharmaceuticals in Italy over the period 2004–2010, choosing co-publishing as a proxy of U–I partnerships. We construct a novel dataset of co-published articles, that contains measures of proximities, agglomeration, firms’ and universities’ characteristics. Following a consolidated methodology, we integrate our dataset of effective interactions with the set of all potential interactions, to estimate probabilistic models for the occurrence and the intensity of U–I interactions. Our main findings confirm and extend the predictions of the previous literature: (1) geographical proximity and prior partnership increase the probability and the intensity of co-publication; (2) the proximity of a firm to other bio- pharmaceutical firms and universities attenuates the relevance of geographical proximity; (3) there exists complementarity between prior partnerships and geographical proximity. A novel result is that firms’ and Universities’ size, firms’ R&D and patents expenditure and the composition of the academic staff as well as quality of academic research exert a significant impact on the intensity of co-publishing
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