1,721,031 research outputs found
Frane di crollo nell'Appennino Romagnolo: metodi di indagine a supporto della pianificazione territoriale
No full textVengono illustrate le problematiche relative alle frane di crollo nell'Appennino romagnolo con particolare riguardo a metodi di indagine a supporto della pianificazione territoriale
Stream gradient Hotspot and Cluster Analysis (SL-HCA) for improving the longitudinal profiles metrics
Full text linkLand-surface quantitative analysis to investigate the spatial distribution of gravitational landforms along rocky coasts
Full text linkThe increasing availability of high-quality digital elevation models (DEMs) has been associated with a growing interest in developing quantitative analyses aimed at taking advantage of these detailed, updated, and promising digital datasets. Land-surface quantitative (LSQ) analysis is valuable for describing the land-surface topography and performing measures of the signature of specific geomorphic processes, taking into account site-specific geological contexts and morphoclimatic settings, proving to be particularly effective in transitional environments, such as rocky coasts. This paper presents the results of research aimed at investigating the spatial distribution of gravitational landforms along rocky coasts, by means of LSQ analysis based on a DEM with a ground resolution of 2 m, derived from airborne LiDAR (light detection and ranging) surveys. The study area is at Mt. San Bartolo (Northern Marche, Italy) and characterized by a sea cliff diffusely affected by gravitational phenomena of different sizes and types. Geomorphological and geological field data, interpretations of remotely sensed datasets derived from ad hoc unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) flights, and DEM-derived hillshades were also adapted to support LSQ analysis. In detail, four morphometric variables (slope, roughness, terrain ruggedness index, and elevation standard deviation) were computed and the outputs evaluated based on visual–spatial inspections of derived raster datasets, descriptive statistics, and joint comparison. Results reveal the best performing variables and how combined interpretations can support the identification and mapping of zones characterized by varying spatial distribution of gravitational landforms of different types. The findings achieved along the Mt. San Bartolo rocky coast confirm that an approach based on land-surface quantitative analysis can act as a proxy to efficiently investigate gravitational slope processes in coastal areas, especially those that are difficult to reach with traditional field surveys
Geo-archaelogical aspect in the Modena plain (Northen Italy)
No full textSince long time, there have been several attempts to cross-date geomorphological evidence with archaeological data in the Po Plain. From a methodological standpoint, a definition of the relationship between fluvial forms and archaeological sites cannot be expressed by a simple presence/absence ratio but it is necessary to distinguish between surface and buried sites. The central Po Plain is characterized by a complex distribution of fluvial landforms and deposits. The comparison of geomorphological and archaeological data shows that the sector to north of the R. Po has been very stable during the whole Holocene. Along the main palaeochannels on the Main Level of the Po Plain, fed by ice melting from the Late Pleistocene glaciers, several Bronze Age settlements have been identified.On the contrary, in the sector south of the R. Po, the landscape was subject to significant changes. In the Modena city area, starting from the end of the Roman Age the watercourses passed from a runoff occurring in deep riverbeds to one hanging over, or at least at the same level as, the surrounding plain. The R. Secchia shifted to the east and the R. Panaro to the west downstream of the town. From the Bronze Age to the Late Middle Ages the R. Po flowed in a belt about 20 km wide shifting from south to north
Geomorphological features of the Rio della Rocca Valley (northern Apennines, Italy)
Full text linkThis paper shows the contents of the geomorphological map of the Rio della Rocca valley, a small catchment located in the lower Apennines of the Province of Reggio Emilia (northern Italy). The geomorphological map has been produced at a scale 1:7500 as a base document within multidisciplinary investigations aiming at the rehabilitation of the area, which is characterised by peculiar geological and geomorphological features and a high scenic value, despite clear evidence of human impact. Since the mid-1950s the valley has, in fact, been affected by quarrying activities which in some places have deeply changed its environmental and, in particular, geomorphological features. As a part of the research, geomorphological survey and mapping were carried out in order to detect the main slope instability and erosional processes and landforms and, at the same time, to recognise sites of geological and geomorphological interest. As a result, proposals of territorial upgrading have been developed which take into account geotourism and recreational issues
Il crollo di Piz Somplunf del 20 luglio 2006 (S. Martino in Badia, Dolomiti): validazione e taratura di modelli previsionali
No full textIn seguito all'evento di crollo avvenuto il 20 luglio 2006 in località Piz Somplunf (S.Martino in Badia, Provincia Autonoma di Bolzano) è stato possibile applicare e validare in back analysis differenti modelli per l'individuazione delle possibili zone di propagazione di massi. In particolare sono stati applicati modelli, sia deterministici che empirici, per poterne confrontare potenzialità e limiti. Sono stati altresì utilizzati sia modelli bidimensionali che tridimensionali, per comprendere l'influenza della dispersione laterale nella delimitazione delle aree di possibile propagazione e per verificare la precisione ottenibile. Tutti i modelli impiegati sono stati accuratamente tarati sulla base della ricostruzione dell'evento di crollo del 20 luglio 2006 effettuata a seguito di rilevamenti di campagna. I risultati ottenuti sono stati confrontati ed è stato possibile stabilire un rapporto tra la loro accuratezza e l'applicabilità di ciascun modello utilizzato
Remote sensing investigation techniques for the analysis of rocky slope stability in remote areas. A test from the Sierra Madre Occidental, Mexico
Full text linkDirect field survey to assess slope stability in steep and remote rocky cliffs is time demanding and highly consuming in term of human and economic resources. However, evolving technologies allow remotely sensed data integrated with GIS to theoretically provide equivalent information. Here we present a case study comparison of these methods applied to the Eastern valley-side of the Chinipas River, Sierra Madre Occidental, Mexico. Results show that remote sensing procedures provides the same discontinuity sets and equivalent attitude information with respect to the data acquired during field survey
Application of empiric models for the analysis of rock-fall runout at a regional scale in mountain areas: examples from the Dolomites and the northern Apennines (Italy)
Full text linkRock falls are common in mountain areas and represent a serious threat due to their high propagation velocity that, independently from the volume involved, can be extremely dangerous for buildings, roads and persons. Therefore, it is necessary to preliminarily identify the areas most prone to this type of process, in order to pursue a territorial planning with consciousness of hazards and risks. Rock-fall hazard analysis over wide territories is anyhow rather difficult, because many variables have to be taken into account (i.e., fracturing of rock masses, presence of water etc.) that are difficult to identify at that scale. Hence the necessity to identify methodologies of analysis capable of reproducing the complex processes that are involved in rock-fall occurrence and propagation and to preliminarily identify the areas most susceptible to this type of hazard.Taking into account previous works carried out on this topic, different simulation models, both empirical and kinematic, have been analysed in order to assess their suitability (in terms of quality, time and costs) when applied over wide territories. The most suitable model was found to be an empirical one that assumes the dissipation of rock-fall energy proportional to the distance reached by the falling rock mass. This model has been used, after a specific calibration, with reference to two different study areas characterised by different geological and morpho-climatic characteristics, in order to assess its applicability and validate the quality of the results. The study areas are located in the Dolomites and in the northern Apennines (Italy).The comparison of the results obtained with respect to the two study sites has shown that the empirical model selected can be an efficient analysis method to obtain reliable results over wide territories, independently from the geological and morpho-climatic characteristics of a certain study site
Management of geomorphosites in high tourist vocation area: an example of Geo-Hiking maps in the Alpe di Fanes (Natural Park of Fanes-Senes-Braies, Italian Dolomites).
Full text linkHiking tourism, which combines sport activities and appreciation of Nature, is today one of the main economic activities and among the markets that will experience a great increase in the near future. This paper illustrates a methodology to develop a thematic map, the “geo-hiking map”, which emphasises only the landscape elements that the tourist can recognise and observe, as well as the possible hazards. The geo-hiking map derives from the combination between the geo-tourist map and the geomorphological-hazard map: the first one is a map of geomorphosites enriched with useful indication for tourists (signed paths, refugees, camps etc.); the second one shows hazard levels of different landslide types, snow avalanches and floods. A prototype case study has been chosen within the Natural Park of Fanes-Senes-Braies (Dolomites, Italy). The area has a strong hiking-tourism vocation thanks to its spectacular high-mountain landscape and a dense network of hiking tracks. This innovative study could represent an important instrument for a responsible and safe fruition of high-mountain tourist areas: it combines a cultural dimension of the geomorphological landscape with a conscious respect of its natural behaviour
Matrici geo-ambientali e sviluppo insediativo: un’ipotesi di ricerca
No full textViene tracciata la storia dell’evoluzione geomorfologica del territorio modenese, dal VI millennio a.C. (Neolitico) all’Attuale, in rapporto alla ricostruzione del paesaggio antico e in relazione alla presenza umana sottolineando gli stretti rapporti fra aspetti geoambientali e sviluppo insediativo. Vengono anche indicati i principali problemi di pericolosità ambientale, con considerazioni sull’evoluzione storica del rapporto fra lo sviluppo insediativo e l’ambiente.La cartografia prodotta, con relative note illustrative è la seguente: 1) Carta del microrilievo naturale; 2) Modello Digitale delle Altezze; 3) Carta dei depositi geologici superficiali; 4) Carta geomorfologica; 5) Carta dei geositi; 6) Carte delle esondazioni del XIX e XX secolo:a) Carta generaleb) Carta delle esondazioni del 1966, 1972 e 19737) Carta dell’allagabilità naturale potenzial
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