1,721,305 research outputs found
The Sustainable Routing Problem
No full textNowadays environmental, social, and political pressures to limit the impacts associated with CO2 emissions are mounting rapidly. This paper addresses to the solution of a new class of routing problem: the sustainable routing problem, where the objective, differently from the classical approaches, is the CO2 emission minimization. The amount of CO2 emitted by a vehicle depends on different factors. If the problem is analyzed from the driver point of view, these factors can be divided in “internal”, i.e. directly related to him/her (i.e. driving style, acceleration, average speed, route knowledge, etc.), and in “external”, i.e. depending on the environment in which the trip is made (i.e. traffic congestion, speed limits, vehicle type, etc.). Firstly the paper, starting from the of Fonseca et al. (2011) study, proposes an CO2 emission estimation as function of the different internal/external factors. Secondly, the authors formalize a sustainable routing model, validating it through a case study and through a parametrical analysis. The results suggest that, contrary to the classical vehicle routing problem, the proposed model is able to permit a larger reduction of CO2 emission versus the increasing time and distance, suggesting interesting potentials in the environmental preservation
Ergo-picking: multi-objective approach to consider ergonomics aspects in picking systems design and management
No full textOne of the most time consuming activities in the logistic systems, with important energy expenditure, is picking. Traditional optimization approaches considers only time variables.
In this paper an innovative multi-objective model has been developed to design picking systems considering also the ergonomics aspect, defined by energy expenditure, based on main features of these systems, such as: location, characteristics of the piece and handling systems.
Several real case studies have allowed the validation using an innovative motion capture system with an integrated ergonomic evaluation tool
Analyzing Cost To Serve computation: model and application in a service sector
No full textA new quantitative Cost To Serve computation model is here developed and the results of its application in a real case highlights that the distribution network management may achieve great benefits by correctly allocating transportation and inventory costs to delivery points and identifying critical costumers at the same time. Each supplied delivery point, in fact, differently contribute to the construction of the overall Cost To Serve. The purpose of this work is to provide an easy-to-use methodology that may both quantitatively assess the effects of the daily transportation decisions and optimize medium-term shipping strategies
Distributore di farmaci per reparti ospedalieri o simili e metodo di distribuzione intelligente di farmaci
No full textInnovativo distributore di farmaci per reparti ospedalieri procedura di riempimento e distribuzione intelligente di farmaci ai pazienti final
A sustainable EOQ model: Theoretical formulation and applications
No full textTraditional inventory models involve different decisions that attempt to optimize material lot sizes by minimizing total annual supply chain costs. However, the increasing concern on environmental issues stresses the need to treat inventory management decisions as a whole, by integrating economic and environmental objectives. Recent studies have underlined the need to incorporate additional criteria in traditional inventory models in order to design "responsible inventory systems". This paper explores the integration of factors affecting the environmental impact within the traditional EOQ model and proposes a "Sustainable EOQ Model". All sustainability factors linked to the material lot size are analyzed from the beginning of the purchasing order to the end of its life inside the buyer plant. Thus, the environmental impact of transportation and inventory is incorporated in the model and investigated by an economic point of view. In particular internal and external transportation costs, vendor and supplier location and the different freight vehicle utilization ratio are considered in order to provide an easy-to-use methodology. The optimization approach is applied to representative data from industrial problems to assess the impact of sustainability considerations on purchasing decisions if compared with the traditional approaches. Finally, an illustration of the effect of using the new "Sustainable EOQ model" is presented and discussed
Towards a use of network analysis: quantifying the complexity of Supply Chain Networks
No full textThe aim of this paper is to quantify the complexity and organisation level of an industrial network working towards the development of a 'Supply Chain Network Analysis' (SCNA). By measuring flows of goods and interaction costs between different sectors of activity within the supply chain borders, a network of flows is built and successively investigated by network analysis, a tool widely applied in ecosystem ecology. The result of this study supports the idea that an ecosystem approach can provide an interesting conceptual perspective in which the modern supply network can be framed, and that network analysis can handle these issues in practice
A Sustainable EOQ Model: theoretical formulation and applications
No full textTraditional inventory models involve different decisions that attempt to optimize material lot sizes by minimizing total annual supply chain costs by an economic point of view.
However, the increasing concern on the environmental problems stresses the need to treat inventory management decisions as a whole by integrating economic and environmental objectives. Recent studies have underlined the need to incorporate additional criteria in traditional inventory models in order to design “responsible inventory systems”. This paper explores the integration of factors affecting the environmental impact within the traditional EOQ model and proposes a “Sustainable EOQ Model”. All sustainability factors linked to the material purchasing lot size are here analyzed from the beginning of the purchasing order to the end of its life inside the buyer plant. Thus, the environmental impact of transportation and inventory is incorporated in the model and investigated by an economic point of view. In particular internal and external transportation costs, the vendor and supplier location and the different freight vehicle utilization ratio are considered in order to provide an easy-to-use methodology. The optimization approach is applied to representative data from industrial problems to assess the impact of sustainability considerations on purchasing decisions if compared with the traditional approaches. Finally, an illustration of the effect of using the new “Sustainable EOQ model” is presented and discussed
Micrologistica in Sanità. Distributore intelligente di farmaci: più sicurezza e meno costi
No full textLe soluzioni di micro logistica di tipo ingegneristico intervengono con efficacia laddove occorre alleggerire le attività di somministrazione dei farmaci da parte delle infermiere di reparto, garantendo sicurezza e agevolando il controllo delle scorte
Ergo-Balancing in Assembly Lines based on Energy Expenditure Rate
No full textIn many assembly systems, ergonomics impacts in relevant way on productivity and human safety. Traditional optimization approaches considers only time variables.
In this paper an innovative balancing model is developed including the ergonomics aspect, defined by energy expenditure rate, based on main features of assembly workstations. First, a comparison between time and energy balancing is carried out, and then a new integrated analytical model is introduced to have a unique objective function.
A real case allows the validation of the approach and some further researches are defined
La gestione efficiente del materiale ospedaliero: il Just-In-Time ed il Kanban
No full textIl Settore Ospedaliero è stato ed è tuttora in continua trasformazione dal punto di vista della gestione delle risorse ad esso dedicate. L’evoluzione della politica italiana in tema di Sanità ha subito un grosso impulso con il D.Lgs. 502 del dicembre ’92 che ha portato alla cosiddetta aziendalizzazione degli Ospedali pubblici costringendo i gruppi dirigenti delle Aziende Ospedaliere a prestare maggiore attenzione alle modalità d’impiego delle proprie risorse. Gli investimenti in materiali di consumo e la loro gestione pesano notevolmente sul bilancio aziendale e da questa osservazione è nata l’esigenza di implementare nuovi sistemi di gestione delle scorte.
In tale contesto si inserisce la sperimentazione che questo lavoro vuole presentare: la ricerca che viene proposta riguarda la progettazione e la sperimentazione di un innovativo modello di riapprovvigionamento automatico di prodotti nei reparti ospedalieri basato sulla logica Just in Time. La prototipazione è stata sviluppata in alcuni reparti dell’Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova rappresentativi per le varie categorie e significativi per tipo di attività e mole di consumi. I risultati ottenuti sono eccellenti, in quanto, a fronte di modesti investimenti limitati all'introduzione di un sistema di armadi modulari e di carrelli "intelligenti", sono diminuiti sensibilmente la varietà ed i volumi di prodotti mantenuti in reparto, le quantità di farmaci scaduti, gli errori nelle ordinazioni ed i prelievi ingiustificati. Infine, si assiste da parte del personale ospedaliero, ad un importante alleggerimento delle attività amministrative di reparto, a favore dell’attività di assistenza ai pazienti
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