186,211 research outputs found

    Study of the impact of the vehicles against the concrete barriers delimiting the area of approach to narrower carriageways in function of the barrier's features

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    This paper examines the influence of the different factors that affect the problem of the collisions against the concrete safety barriers used to narrower the carriageways. In particular we studied both the influenece of the damage of the vehicles and the shear strength necessary in teh joints between the barriere elements. Moreover we pointed out some caracteristic aspects of this accident. For this pourpose we developed a specific software to simulate these collisions. The study showed that the most important factor is the angle formed between the inclined barriers with the longitudinal direction. The analysis also pointed out that this collisions can be very dangerous both for the first vehicle contacting the barrier and the following on

    The calibration process of building energy models

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    The importance of model calibration has been growing up as a result of the energy refurbishment policy promoted by the recast Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD 2010/31/EU). In fact, with the purpose of ensuring a suitable refurbishment design with effective energy conservation measures (ECM), an accurate model has to be defined in order to assess the energy behaviour of the as-built building. In this chapter, some issues related to the model calibration are presented, starting from the definition of an operative procedure step by step. Furthermore, for the most critical phases of the procedure, analysis techniques and experimental methods are described both through theory and practical examples. Finally, throughout the chapter, the analysis of a case study is presented

    On the influence of several parameters in energy model calibration: The case of a historical building

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    The aim of this work is to investigate the extent to which several different variables (e.g. climate conditions, infiltration rates and envelope characteristics) could affect the calibration process and, consequently, the reliability of the simulation outcomes. In this regard, in this paper the calibration phases of a dynamic hourly energy model for an existing building are presented. The test case is a historical construction built at the end of the nineteenth century in northern Italy. The building, originally designed for tobacco processing, has a massive envelope and it has no HVAC system. Therefore, the simulation model is calibrated using the actual air and wall surface temperature as control variables. Finally, a sensitivity analysis is carried out in order to assess the incidence of different inputs in building thermal behaviour and to identify which parameters have to be refined with the aim of optimizing the model calibration
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