88 research outputs found
The political role of the people's liberation army 1949-1973
No full textThis thesis is to study the political role of the People's Liberation Army from the approach of structure and function. The framework of the thesis consists of three major parts, first, the influence of Chinese traditional political culture on, and the formation of, the political role of the PL A; second, the influence of domestic political struggles and external military conflicts on the development of the political role of the PLA; and the third, the analysis of the transition of the PLA's political role from the structure and personnel arrangements of the CCPCC Within the above-mentioned three scopes, this thesis make a thorough discussion on the following: (1) The relationship between the structure of the PRC and the formation of the PLA's political role; (2) How has ideology influenced the army's political role; (3) What is Mao's viewpoint and his influence on the development of the army's political role; (4) What is the link between the army and the party, and how has this developed; (6) What accounts for the expansion of the PLA's political functions; (7) What is the influence of political factional struggles on the PLA's political role; (8) Is it political institution or military institution that controls the recruitment of the military elite; (9) What are the disparities between the military elite in handling international conflicts and what are their political considerations; (10) What is the Party's position in the army; (11) How have the Party’s important meetings and personnel arrangements influenced the rise and fall of the PLA's political role
Tong ji hua he wu bo mo tai yang neng dian chi: xin tou ming dao dian dian ji yu que xian wu li
No full textYin, Ling = 銅基化合物薄膜太陽能電池 : 新透明導電電極與缺陷物理 / 尹苓.Thesis Ph.D. Chinese University of Hong Kong 2015.Includes bibliographical references.Abstracts also in Chinese.Title from PDF title page (viewed on 26, October, 2016).Yin, Ling = Tong ji hua he wu bo mo tai yang neng dian chi : xin tou ming dao dian dian ji yu que xian wu li / Yin Ling
李梅樹人物畫研究
No full text[[abstract]]Summary
This study, based on not only the historical method of investigation and the analytical method of theory but also analytical method of style and comparative method of studying, intents to realize the expression in Mei-shu Li’s figure paintings.
On the other hand, the author tries to find out the course of Li’s various styles in his figure paintings changing with time. In general, here are the main purposes of this study.
First, exploring the process of Mei-shu Li’s artistic development.
Second, analyzing the style change of Li’s figure paintings and to explore the art form of that.
Third, making a comparison between Li and other artists.
Fourth, realizing Li’s devotion and contribution to art education and artistic activities.
Fifth, referring to the results above, the author comprehends the change process of arrangement of presentation, coloring, and skills in his figure paintings in every stage, which the author could make reference to when studying the first generation of western-style painters.
The following are what the research has revealed,
First, Li’s background, his own interests, and the study in Japan have exerted much influence on Li’s creations.
Second, there is a deep relationship between the form of the first generation of western-style painters’ artworks and the art community in Taiwan during the Japanese colonial period.
Third, the revealing of Li’s unique “photo-realism style paintings” unfolded another new page of methods to display figure paintings.
Fourth, Li played an active role and was so willing to be involved in art education and artistic activities in Taiwan.
From the statements above, we can reach the conclusions below,
First, Li not only kept an eye on the observation of local phenomena under the academic training to record his life but also put the people and the events around him in his artworks.
Second, the arrangement, light and shade, and coloring , shown in the figure paintings, are the most important elements that Li insisted.
Third, realistic style is Li’s usual “language” in his figure paintings.
Fourth, the expression of running water, light and shadow in ”photo-realism style paintings” has accomplished Li’s status in the history of art.
Key terms: Mei-shu Li
Zu-shi Temple
Photo-realism style paintings
Figure paintings
How a primary mathematics teacher in Shanghai improved her lessons on ‘angle measurement’
No full textWe report on one component of a study of school-based teacher professional development (TPD) in Shanghai, China. Here we focus on an experienced primary teacher who is teaching the topic of angle measurement to 10 year-olds. Using data from the teacher’s original lesson plans, her modified lesson plans, together with an expert teacher’s advice and the teacher’s reflections on her lesson design, we illustrate how the support of an expert teacher enabled the teacher to improve her instructional practice by supporting her in thinking explicitly about the traditional classroom practice with which she was familiar and in building her ‘wisdom of practice’ within the context of instructional reform taking place in Chin
Ji yu fen zi dong li xue he zi you neng ji suan de yao wu fen zi mo shen tou xing yu ce
No full textPh.D.Prediction of membrane permeability to small molecules represents an essential aspect of drug discovery. Accurate thermodynamics and kinetics model describing the permeation process is required in the first principle calculation. In this research, we developed a simulation protocol in permeability estimation using molecular dynamics (MD) by deploying an accurate free-energy calculation method, namely, adaptive biasing force (ABF) combined with a time-fractional Smoluchowski determination of the diffusivity which accounts for the sub-diffusive behavior in membrane permeation. The permeability estimated are within an order of magnitude with experimental results. The effect of membrane composition (e.g., cholesterol concentration, headgroup, and lipid molecules) to free energy and diffusivity profiles are also studied to reveal a clear physical picture of membrane permeation.The effect of membrane composition to the permeation process is examined using ethanol and six different single-lipid bilayers and a mam malian cell membrane model consisting of 26 components. First principle calculation shows that permeability is mildly dependent on the lipid composition, spanning an order of magnitude between lipid species with different headgroup, chain length, etc. To further reduce computation cost in permeability estimation, we have modeled the free-energy profile underlying permeation employing a series of free-energy perturbation (FEP) calculations, whereby the substrate is reversibly coupled to its environment at fixed values in the direction normal to the lipid bilayer. The diffusivity profile is calculated using bulk self diffusion of the permeant, and the permeability value is estimated without significant loss of accuracy.預測小分子對脂質雙層膜的滲透率(permeability)在藥物發現有重要的影響。這預測需要一個精確的熱力學和動力學模型來描述分子在膜的遷移過程。在本研究中，我們採用一種精確的自由能計算方法，即自適應偏壓力（adaptive biasing force）與時間分數階莫魯霍夫斯基方程(Smoluchowski equation)的相結合，發展了一種基於分子動力學（molecular dynamics）滲透率估算的模擬方法，併計算得到的滲透率與實驗結果在一個數量級以內。本研究也分析膜組成（如膽固醇濃度、頭基和脂質分子）對自由能和擴散率分佈的影響，揭示了小分子在膜內遷移的物理機制。另外，本研究所採用乙醇、六種不同的脂雙層膜和由26種脂質分子組成的哺乳動物細胞膜模型(mammalian cell model)，研究了膜組成對滲透過程的影響。第一性原理計算表明，滲透性與脂質組成有一定的依賴關係，乙醇在不同脂質雙層膜滲透率在一個數量級範圍。為了進一步降低滲透性估算的計算成本，我們通過一系列自由能微擾（FEP）計算酒精分子的相對滲透率，其計算節省大量計算成本並能保持一定精度。Tse, Chi Hang = 基於分子動力學和自由能計算的藥物分子膜滲透性預測 / 謝智衡.Thesis Ph.D. Chinese University of Hong Kong 2020.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 117-128).Abstracts also in Chinese.Title from PDF title page (viewed on February 4, 2022).Tse, Chi Hang = Ji yu fen zi dong li xue he zi you neng ji suan de yao wu fen zi mo shen tou xing yu ce / Xie Zhiheng
Openness of China’s Manufacturing Sectors and its APEC Policy
No full textChinas domestic market is finally in the process of being integrated into the international market. Trade liberalization will play an important role in this process. It will expand Chinas trade opportunities further, lead Chinas manufacturing sectors to participate extensively in the international division of labor and to shift its trade patterns and industrial structure. On the other hand, it will increase the pressure of competition on domestic enterprises from imports and foreign-funded enterprises. If Chinas manufacturing sectors can not improve their international competitiveness in time, trade liberalization will not bring benefits, but rather threats, to the development of Chinas manufacturing sectors.China, Manufacturing Sector, Openess, APEC policy
Zi jin liu dong xing yu gong si tou zi
No full textI examine the firms with different hedging needs in their investment and financing strategy during the financial crisis in 2008. I define the hedging needs using the correlation between their cash flow and the industry Q. The firms with positive correlation between the cash flow and industry Q are defined as low hedging needs firms and the firms with negative correlation between the cash flow and industry Q are defined as high hedging needs firms. The low hedging needs firms have similar investment growth as high hedging needs firms before the crisis but significantly less investment growth during the crisis. However, the impact of financial crisis on firms with low hedging needs is smaller. Those firms efficiently respond to the decline of investment opportunity during crisis period by cutting capital expenditures since the capital expenditure in crisis are associated with lower profitability. And the empirical results support that there is a mix of supply shock and demand shock during financial crisis in 2008.Tao, Xiaojue.Thesis M.Phil. Chinese University of Hong Kong 2015.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 22-24).Title from PDF title page (viewed on 11, October, 2016).Tao, Xiaojue
The Justice of Balance: Understanding Intellectual Property from Chinese Historical and Philosophical Perspectives
No full textPhDIn today's world, intellectual property is widely viewed as a threat to the public interest in
using knowledge. As many scholars have argued, a theoretical reason accounting for this
phenomenon is that traditional understanding of intellectual property emphasizes strong
property rights rather than the public interest. As historical studies have shown, this
understanding is fundamentally influenced by the practice of printing monopoly of
sixteenth-seventeenth century England, which gave overwhelming attention to
appropriation.
This thesis tries to join the above debates by examining the intellectual property history
of pre-modern China. Based on the historical inquiry, it further makes several theoretical
suggestions to the ongoing development of intellectual property theories.
This thesis argues that intellectual property practice as a tool of stimulating creativity
emerged in China when the commercialization of knowledge products made the
intellectual property protection a must. A more important finding is that, in a relatively
non-monopolistic atmosphere, tremendous efforts were made to effectively disseminate
knowledge to enhance the public interest; there existed no obvious conflict between
stimulating knowledge creativity and promoting knowledge use.
This thesis then suggests that knowledge creativity and knowledge use are inherently
inter-nutritional and inter-conflicting. To promote their reciprocity, it is crucial to keep
balance between maximizing knowledge use and stimulating robust knowledge creativity.
This thesis further proposes a system containing `the right of accessing knowledge' and
`the right of deserving reward', in which intellectual property is only a mean to the end
and coexists with various alternative models.
This thesis provides a firm theoretical support to the public interest but does not
necessarily devalue the importance of knowledge creativity and intellectual property. In
many fields, well-designed intellectual property laws must continue to prevail
Zhongguo de fan shou gou yu tou zi zhe bao hu: ji yu shi zheng zhi shu de lun zheng
No full textPh.D.Are antitakeover provisions (ATPs) intrinsically consistent with regulators’ investor protection initiatives? As an inquiry central to the legality of antitakeover measures, the judgment a regulatory agency renders vis-à-vis the above inquiry derives profound implications for investor protection in the securities market. In China particularly, the vivacity of financial capital, multiple market reforms and deregulation has cultivated a vibrant market for corporate control. Absent regulatory guidelines, however, securities regulations for antitakeover in China face the challenges of abstract regulation, legal fragmentation, and anaemic enforcement of investor protection laws in control contests.Based on the contractual theory of the corporation, this thesis finds theoretical justifications for the legality of antitakeover in its positive role in amplifying firm-level corporate autonomy, managerial discretion and governance stability. For the first time, this thesis also predicates the normative analysis for the legality of antitakeover on an empirical corporate governance index constructed specifically for the practice of antitakeover in the A-share market.Based on a dataset of 4,251 historical profiles of firm-level ATPs carefully sampled from the listed companies in China from 2001 to 2017, this research constructs a ‘Governance Index of Antitakeover for the A-Share Market.’ Furthermore, by harnessing the economic utility of this index, this thesis examines the logical correlation between antitakeover strength and financial performance, as well as the governance attributes of the company. Moreover, this thesis discusses the firm-level motivations for the corporate directors to mount ATPs.This thesis documents empirical evidence that the strength of the firm-level antitakeover index is positively correlated with share liquidity, institutional shareholding, private ownership and the company’s promise to deliver a certain level of financial performance. These empirical findings can best be explained that the managerial incentives for mounting ATPs derive from the dilution of ownership, investor activism and SOE reform to retrieve from non-strategic industries.More specifically, companies listed on the A-share market incorporate ATPs primarily to offset the deteriorating governance stability caused by market and regulatory turbulence. With respect to policy recommendations, this thesis argues that the firm-level strength of antitakeover profile does not correlate to financial performance. As such, the incorporation of ATPs is not detrimental to investor protection in the long term, and hence should enjoy the benefits of a more lenient regulatory framework in China.The policy implication is clear: the pattern and approach of securities regulation should specifically cater to the market that is locally evolved and developed. Economic, governance and socio-legal attributes exert strong, and perhaps implicit, shaping forces on the nature and utility of a corporate practice that is evolving globally. Antitakeover is a precise example of such a process. In particular, the firm-level motivation for companies to mount antitakeover protection is found to be closely related to the pursuit of governance stability in market reforms when ownership structures undergo drastic turbulence caused by share dilution, investor activism and deregulation. Statistically, this research offers real-time empirical reference to the shareholder utility of antitakeover in China.反收購措施之於證券監管的投資者保護目標是否具有內在的理論壹致性？作為反收購措施之合法性的核心課題之壹，反收購措施在投資者保護領域的作用與證券監管部門對於上述課題的立法論斷息息相關。近年來，金融資本的活躍、多項市場改革和監管解禁促進了中國公司控制權市場的繁榮發展。然而，由於監管法律框架的抽象和碎片化，反收購措施的監管路徑選擇仍然面臨著巨大的爭議和挑戰。本研究從法理角度，基於公司契約理論的視角，在公司自主經營權、議價能力及治理穩定性等層面研究反收購措施對實現中國證券監管中投資者保護的政策目標的潛在意義。本研究採用實證法學研究方法、手動收集了中國A股上市公司反收購強度的歷史紀錄，創新地將規範法學分析建立在實證公司治理指數研究的基礎之上。基於4,251個均勻分佈於2001至2017年間的公司層面的歷史數據，本研究構建了「中國A股市場反收購強度指數」，並在此基礎上檢驗A股市場反收購強度和公司治理水準及財務表現間的邏輯關系，並探討高強度反收購指數的影響因數，具有重要的理論意義與實踐價值。實證研究結果表明，中國上市公司反收購強度指數與股權流通性、機構持股率、私有股權占比率，和公司財務業績壓力存在顯著正相關關系。該結果進壹步說明股權稀釋、股東積極主義和國企改革是反收購措施在中國得到快速發展的三大驅動力。本研究認為，A股市場公司采納反收購措施的目的在於抵消由市場及政策環境巨大變革所衍生出的公司治理穩定性的快速流失。從政策建議的角度來看，反收購措施並未給A股市場證券投資者帶來負面影響，證監會可適度放寬其對反收購措施的審慎監管。本研究具有政策影響力。理論及實證研究成果表明，由於市場及政策環境對於證券監管的性質和作用具有雖無形但深遠的影響，因此對證券監管模式優劣的學術討論必須建立在特定的市場環境下。從實證角度而言，此研究為中國證券監管部門衡量反收購對投資者保護的效用及影響提供了實時的實證數據，具備較高的政策參考價值。Han, Sirui.Thesis Ph.D. Chinese University of Hong Kong 2019.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 548-656).Abstracts also in Chinese.Title from PDF title page (viewed on 14 May, 2021).Han, Sirui
Data-driven semantic analysis for multilingual WSD and lexical selection in translation
No full textA common way of describing the senses of ambiguous words in multilingual Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) is by reference to their translation equivalents in another language. The theoretical soundness of the senses induced in this way can, however, be doubted. This type of cross-lingual sense identification has implications for multilingual WSD and MT evaluation as well. In this article, we first present some arguments in favour of a more
thorough analysis of the semantic information that may be induced by the equivalents of ambiguous words found in parallel corpora. Then, we present an unsupervised WSD
method and a lexical selection method that exploit the results of a data-driven sense induction method. Finally, we show how this automatically acquired information can be
exploited for a multilingual WSD and MT evaluation more sensitive to lexical semantics
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