1,721,146 research outputs found
Fluid Mechanics for Cardiovascular Engineering
No full textThis book starts with a description of the fundamental elements of fluid dynamics in large blood vessels. This is achieved by introducing a rigorous physical background accompanied by examples applied to the circulation, and by presenting classic and recent results related to the application of fluid dynamics to the cardiovascular physiology. It then explores more advanced topics for a physics-based understanding of phenomena effectively encountered in clinical cardiology. The book stands as an ideal learning resource for physicists and engineers working in cardiovascular fluid dynamics, industry engineers working on biomedical/cardiovascular technology, and students in bio-fluid dynamics.
This book provides a guiding thread between the distant fields of fluid mechanics and clinical cardiology. Well rooted in the science of fluid dynamics, it drives the reader across progressively more realistic scenarios up to the complexity of routine medical applications. Based on author’s over 25 years of collaborations with cardiologists, it helps engineers to learn communicating with clinicians, yet maintaining the rigor of scientific disciplines.
Written with a concise style, this is a textbook accessible to a broad readership, including students, physical scientists and engineers, offering an entry point into this multi-disciplinary field. It includes key concepts exemplified by illustrations using cutting-edge imaging, references to modelling and measurement technologies, and includes unique original insights
Atrial strain in cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging, a sensitive companion of ventricular strain
Full text linkThe function of human heart is that of maintaining blood in motion by accommodating the incoming low-pressure venous blood into the atrium, transferring it from atrium to ventricle, and propelling into the circulation with high pressure. This process, where blood transits and acquires potential energy, is allowed by the generation of differences of pressure between atrium and ventricle and between ventricle and downstream artery, which, in turn, are achieved through a sequence of expansions and contractions in a harmonious synchrony between atria and ventricle
Vortex formation out of two-dimensional orifices
No full textThe understanding of the vortex formation process is currently driving a novel attempt
to evaluate the performance of fluid dynamics in biological systems. The concept of
formation time, developed for axially symmetric orifices, is here studied in twodimensional
flows for the generation of vortex pairs. The early stage of the formation
process is studied with the single vortex model in the inviscid limit. Within this
framework, the equation can be written in a universal form in terms of the formation
time. The single vortex model properly represents the initial circular spiralling vortex
sheet and its acceleration for self-induced motion. Then, an analysis is performed
by numerical simulation of the two-dimensional Navier–Stokes equations to cope
with the spatially extended vortex structure. The results do not show the pinchoff
phenomenon previously reported for vortex rings. The two-dimensional vortex
pair tends to a stably growing structure such that, while it translates and extends
longitudinally, it remains connected to the sharp edge by a shear layer whose velocity
is always about twice that of the leading vortex. At larger values of the Reynolds
number the instability of the shear layer develops small-scale vortices capable of
destabilizing the coherent vortex growth. The absence of a critical formation number
for two-dimensional vortex pairs suggests further considerations for the development
of concepts of optimal vortex formation from orifices with variable curvature or of a
tapered shape
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