1,776 research outputs found
The Meals in a Tuscan Building Yard During the Middle Age. Characterization of Organic Residues in Ceramic Potsherds
No full textThe characterization of organic residues found in ceramics objects coming from the Carmine Convent in Siena (Central Italy), probably built in the second half of the 13th century, is described. The nine objects analyzed in this study are pots, casseroles, and lids and they were used as filling material of the vault of one room of the convent.
A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry approach has been used to analyze both the chloroform-methanol extracts as well as those obtained owing to alkaline hydrolysis.
On the basis of the compounds identified, the ceramic vessels were divided into three groups. One is constituted by vessels that might have been used to cook different kinds of foodstuff (so called "cauldron"), including animals, and in particular ruminants. The second group is formed by a pot whose main use might be as olive oil container. No traces of animal fats has been found in it. The third group is formed by vessels mainly used for containing or boiling water or other substances not rich in fats. In particular, one of them might have been used as a colander or to roast chestnuts, that were a common food during the Middle Age.
These results, in conjunction with others obtained by different techniques, contribute to a better understanding of the use of the ceramic vessels found in the Carmine Convent in Siena and on dietary, uses and customs of people living there, and more generally in Tuscany, during the Middle Age. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
Cooking activities during the Middle Age: organic residues in ceramic vessels from the Sant’Antimo Church (Piombino-Central Italy)
No full textA combined gas chromatography-electron ionization (GC-EI), atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) mass spectrometry (MS) and MS/MS approach has been used for characterizing organic residues of ceramic vessels of different forms and dimensions recovered from a vault of the apse of the 13th century church of Sant'Antimo in Piombino (Central Italy). The artifacts studied in this investigation are pots, jugs, colanders and pans probably used for cooking meals or as food containers. GC-MS has shown the presence of different fatty acids and other nonpolar markers, while APCI ionization proved to be particularly useful in the detection of diterpenoids and diacylglycerols. The data show that some organic markers may be of animal origin, while others are typical constituents or biodegradation products of vegetables. This allows one to propose the main use of these articles as vessels for cooking meat and maybe vegetable broths and soups. As there is no strict correlation between organic markers and shape, form and dimension of the ceramic vessel, it appears that the different objects probably served the same function. Chemical characterization of the organic residues of ceramic vessels, together with all the other archaeological data, contributes to a better understanding of their uses and the customs of people in the Middle Ages in Central Italy. Copyright (c) 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Residue analysis of late Bronze Age ceramics from the archaeological site of Pilastri di Bondeno (northern Italy)
No full textIn this paper we present the results of the analysis of a first set of five fragments of pottery found at
the late Bronze age site of Pilastri di Bondeno, in the Po valley, northern Italian peninsula (15th-14th
centuries BC). While the study of archaeological ceramics, in this area and for the involved period,
has been traditionally addressed to building up chronological and cultural frameworks, GC-MS
analysis revealed that the local pottery have absorbed and preserved organic residues that may
reveal some aspects of the use of these vessels. Some vessels were used for the preparation and
consumption of animal products, possibly broths. However, the most important aspect of the study
it is that it provides new insights on the production of fermented beverages and possibly wine in
late Bronze age of northern Italy, and thus the most ancient date for the consumption of wine in the
area in the transition between the Middle and the Late Bronze age. Moreover, the study shows the
use of sulfur as possible coating agent,opening a discussion on its long-distance trade
Lettera di Alessandra
No full textUn ritratto critico dell'opera di Alessandra Carnaroli, autrice fra le più apprezzate delle ultime generazioni della poesia di ricerca. La sezione a lei dedicata, nel numero della rivista, contiene inoltre saggi di Cecilia Bello Minciacchi, Andrea Cortellessa, e Ivan Schiavone; e vari inediti dell'autrice. Il saggio è pubblicato con lo pseudonimo di Tommaso Ottonieri.A critical portrait of the work of Alessandra Carnaroli, author of the most appreciated in the latest generations of italian research poetry. Published under the pseudonym Tommaso Ottonieri
Diet and subsistence in the Alps in Late Antiquity: Organic residue analysis of pottery from an upland site in the Dolomites (Busa delle Vette, Veneto, Italy)
No full textThe Busa delle Vette site was investigated as part of the UPLanD project, focused on the archaeology of pastoralism, to shed light on the lifeways of pastoral groups during the summer months. The site is composed of a hut and some enclosures located on a glacial cirque at 1850 m asl, in the Dolomites (Veneto, Italy), dating back from the Late Antiquity to the Early Middle Ages (5th to the 11th century CE). Initial data suggested that the hut was used by groups of shepherds for transhumance, but new evidence began to point to a possible different function. Thirty ceramic sherds of cooking pots dated to the Early Middle Ages (6th to 9th century CE), were analysed through organic residues analysis to identify their use and reconstruct the dietary habits of the people living at the site. The results of the analysis were discussed in relation to unpublished archaeozoological and archaeobotanical evidence to shed some light on the activities that were carried out in the investigated hut and the function of the site. The findings suggest that the cooking pots were mainly used to prepare soups and stews. Ruminant adipose products were identified in most of the investigated pots, sometimes associated with ruminant dairy products and millet. These data are consistent with the archaeozoological and archaeobotanical records, suggesting an intense use of this structure, not limited to seasonal pastoral practices but also associated to the mobility of troops and travellers through the local mountain passes. More research is necessary to validate this fascinating hypothesis, as comparable sites have never been identified in the Alps
Selected letters of Alessandra Strozzi
No full textThe letters of Alessandra Strozzi provide a vivid and spirited portrayal of life in fifteenth-century Florence. Among the richest autobiographical materials to survive from the Italian Renaissance, the letters reveal a woman who fought stubbornly to preserve her family's property and position in adverse circumstances, and who was an acute observer of Medicean society. Her letters speak of political and social status, of the concept of honor, and of the harshness of life, including the plague and the loss of children. They are also a guide to Alessandra's inner life over a period of twenty-three years, revealing the pain and sorrow, and, more rarely, the joy and triumph, with which she responded to the events unfolding around her.This edition includes translations, in full or in part, of 35 of the 73 extant letters. The selections carry forward the story of Alessandra's life and illustrate the range of attitudes, concerns, and activities which were characteristic of their author
Challenging the author: Gavin Douglas's Eneados
No full textGavin Douglas’s Eneados, a translation into the “Scottis” tongue of Virgil’s Aeneid, completed in 1513 and first published in London in 1553, presents, as well as the translation of the additional thirteenth book by Maphaeus Vegius, original prologues and marginal notes to the text, rubrics and articulate conclusive material. The present paper analyses this complex paratext as evidence of Douglas’s almost philological attention to the original and his preoccupation with a faithful reproduction; it is also suggested that the models for his organization of the commentary might be both medieval (i.e., manuscripts such as Petrarch’s Virgilius Ambrosianus) and early modern, as in the case of editions of classical works: the most apt example being Jodocus Badius Ascensius’ edition of the Aeneid, printed in 1501. The Eneados thus stands on the threshold between manuscript and print, and might have indicated new possibilities of use of the printing medium in Scotland, and of the value of the translation of a classical text, had history not intervened with the Scottish defeat at Flodden Fields in 1513, which put a temporary stop both to the circulation of the Eneados and to the development of Scottish printing
Preliminary study of food residues and cooking practices in the Medieval Hospital of Santa Maria della Scala in Siena (Central Italy)
No full textEl artículo trata sobre el estudio del uso de algunas cerámicas medievales y de los alimentos preparados y consumidos en el Hospital medieval del Santa Maria della Scala en Siena (Italia Central). Esta investigación muestra la integración entre los datos obtenidos con el análisis arqueológico y arqueométrico (utilizando el análisis de residuos orgánicos) de las cerámicas y la investigación sobre los documentos históricos encontrados en el mismo contexto, el hospital medieval del Santa Maria della Scala en Siena. Después del estudio arqueológico-formal, algunas cerámicas han sido seleccionadas para el análisis con cromatografía de gases acoplada a espectrometría de masas con el fin de identificar los residuos orgánicos preservados y conocer su contenido original. Los datos obtenidos han sido integrados con la información proporcionada por los documentos escritos encontrados durante el estudio del Hospital acerca de las compras y de la vida cotidiana en su interior. LABURPENA Erdi Aroko zeramika batzuen eta Sienako (Italia erdialdea) Santa Maria della Scala Erdi Aroko Ospitalean kontsumitutako eta prestatutako elikagaien azterketari buruzkoa da artikulua. Zeramiken azterketa arkeologikoarekin eta arkeometrikoarekin lortutako datuen eta testuinguru berean, Sienako Santa Maria della Scala Erdi Aroko ospitalean, topatutako dokumentu historikoei buruzko azterketaren arteko integrazioa erakusten du ikerketa honek. Azterketa arkeologiko-formalaren ondoren, zeramika batzuk hautatu dira masen espektrometriari lotutako gasen kromatografiarekin aztertzeko, hala, gordetako hondakin organikoak identifikatzeko eta haien jatorrizko edukia ezagutzeko. Lortutako datuak Ospitala aztertzean topatutako dokumentu idatziek emandako informazioarekin integratu dira. Dokumentuak ospitaleko eguneroko bizitzaren eta erosketen inguruko informazioa dute. ABSTRACT This paper shows the application of an integrated approach to the study of the use of ceramic wares and of the food prepared and consumed in the Medieval Hospital of Santa Maria della Scala in Siena (Central Italy). This approach takes into account data obtained by the archaeological and archaeometrical study of ceramic vessels and the investigation of historical documents recovered at the Hospital. A selection of ceramic vessels was analysed to identify the organic residues preserved in them and therefore their original content. The analyses were carried out performing different extractions and the samples were analysed with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The data obtained were integrated with the information provided in the written documents found during the study of the Hospital, regarding purchases and daily life at the Hospital. (1) Alessandra Pecci, ERAAUB, Universitat de Barcelona, C/Montalegre 6-8, 08001 Barcelona (Spain); Dipartimento di Biologia, Ecologia e Scienze della Terra, Università della Calabria, Via P. Bucci, cubo 12B, Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza (Italy), [email protected] Preliminary study of food residues and cooking practices in the Medieval Hospital of Santa Maria della Scala in Siena (Central Italy) Recibido: 2015-02-20 Aceptado: 2016 Residuos de alimentos y prácticas culinarias en el Hospital Medieval del Santa Maria della Scala en Siena (Italia Central). Resultados preliminares PALABRAS CLAVES: Medioevo, hospital, uso de la cerámica, residuos orgánicos, alimentación, Siena-Italy. GAKO-HITZAK: Erdi Aroa, ospitalea, zeramikaren erabilera, hondakin organikoak, elikadura, Siena-Italy
Nicetas Nicaenus, De azymis
No full textThe RAP online repertorium offers the first comprehensive catalogue of polemical literature related to the schism between the Roman Catholic and Orthodox Churches from the 9th to the 16th century and can be described as an ideal continuation of the *Clavis Patrum*.
Each entry identifies the work (often unpublished or newly discovered in manuscript catalogs), lists its various titles (since medieval texts often lack stable titles), provides incipit and explicit (with possible variations), and examines the manuscript tradition and foliation (by reviewing catalogs or manuscripts, verifying dates, folios, etc.). It also includes relevant bibliography (critical editions and studies), identifies the author (using prosopographical studies, dictionaries, repertories, sigillography, etc.), and provides essential biographical details. Each work is classified by literary genre (e.g., treatise, dialogue), the corresponding Byzantine term, and the main polemical themes (e.g., Filioque, Azymes, Purgatory), and is assigned a unique RAP identification number.
The Repertorium Auctorum Polemicorum is identified by the International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) 3035-2096 [continuously updated publication
Polemica scripta anonyma, Dialogus inter Graecum et Cardinales quosdam de processione Spiritus Sancti
No full textThe RAP online repertorium offers the first comprehensive catalogue of polemical literature related to the schism between the Roman Catholic and Orthodox Churches from the 9th to the 16th century and can be described as an ideal continuation of the *Clavis Patrum*.
Each entry identifies the work (often unpublished or newly discovered in manuscript catalogs), lists its various titles (since medieval texts often lack stable titles), provides incipit and explicit (with possible variations), and examines the manuscript tradition and foliation (by reviewing catalogs or manuscripts, verifying dates, folios, etc.). It also includes relevant bibliography (critical editions and studies), identifies the author (using prosopographical studies, dictionaries, repertories, sigillography, etc.), and provides essential biographical details. Each work is classified by literary genre (e.g., treatise, dialogue), the corresponding Byzantine term, and the main polemical themes (e.g., Filioque, Azymes, Purgatory), and is assigned a unique RAP identification number.
The Repertorium Auctorum Polemicorum is identified by the International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) 3035-2096 [continuously updated publication
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