1,721,102 research outputs found
Fertilizzazione e irrigazione delle colture in substrato: attuale stato dell’arte e tendenze future
No full textThe low water use efficiency, typical of soilless cultures, is mainly due to an inaccurate irrigation scheduling and the use of highly porous substrates. The increase of the water use efficiency of these
cultures is also crucial for improving their nutrient use efficiency. An higher irrigation efficiency can be achieved only through an improvement of irrigation scheduling and, at least, by the reuse of drainage water. The paper focused on how to calculate the optimal irrigation volume and the frequency of the irrigation events. The optimal irrigation volume can be easily determined by the knowledge of the substrate retention curve and the type of container, using a software developed by the University of Pisa (CAL-VIR). The calculation of the irrigation frequency required the knowledge of the crop evapotranspiration. that could be estimated by evapotranspiration models (i.e. FAO model) or directly assessed by gravimetric methods or by root zone sensors (RZS), able to meaure the substrate volumetric water content. The use of controlled release fertilizers (CRF) and the fertigation are the main options adopted by the growers to feed the soilless culture crops. Finally, a free software (SOL-NUTRI), developed by the University of Pisa for the calculation of the nutrient solution, was described
Metodi e strumenti innovativi per il controllo del rifornimento idrico e minerale nelle colture fuori suolo
No full textNutritional and antioxidant value of horticulturae products
No full textThe recent growing interest towards the nutraceutical and antioxidant value of fruit and vegetables has arisen from their content of phytochemicals, which provide desirable health benefits, beyond basic nutrition, to reduce the risk of major chronic diseases [1]. For this reason, it is necessary for the human diet to contain a good proportion of plant antioxidant compounds. Therefore, horticultural science must dedicate more attention to satisfy the expectations of consumers who are demanding more and more high-quality functional foods.
The Special Issue on the “Nutritional and Antioxidant Value of Horticultural Products” has provided readers with novel insights into some ‘unusual’ types of foods. In fact, the articles published included information about edible flowers, Italian green tea, and stinging nettle, along with potato and sweet potato.
Demasi et al. [2] investigated the sensory profile of 17 edible flowers (Figure 1) at harvest, and their shelf life and bioactive compound dynamics during cold storage, providing the characteristics and requirements of the different flowers. The authors evaluated the aroma of the flower with 10 sensory descriptors (intensity of sweet, sour, bitter, salt, smell, specific flower aroma, and herbaceous aroma; spiciness, chewiness, and astringency), and, both at harvest and during 14 d of storage at 4 °C, the flower visual quality, polyphenol and anthocyanin content, and antioxidant activity were evaluated. The paper presents a lot of information concerning flowers’ sensory profiles, phytochemical characteristics, and shelf life, which are very useful to select suitable species for the edible flower market; for example, a strong aroma was revealed for Allium ursinum, Dianthus carthusianorum, Lavandula angustifolia, and Leucanthemum vulgare, while the flowers with the longest shelf life were Rosa pendulina (14 days) and Rosa canina (10 days)
Germination ecology of wild living walls for sustainable vertical garden in urban environment
Full text linkGermination characteristics of 10 xerophytic species, widespread in the Mediterranean were studied. A variety of seed treatments were explored to overcome the seed dormancy, including scarification and stratification. Only in Convolvulus cantabrica dormancy was shown to be physical, since it could be removed by seed coat scarification. Several species showed light-dependent germination, possibly related to the fact that in their micro-environment of incubation they are exposed to minimum seed burial. Emergence tests in peat-perlite substrate were carried out in order to verify the optimal burial conditions for seed propagation. This inhibition was found to be inversely related to the low unit weight of seed. Species with minute seeds, such as Erigeron karviskianus and Phagnalon rupestris, had the best performance of germination without burial, while the larger ones such as C.cantabrica and Centranthus ruber, had the best performance at 6 and 4 mm of sowing, respectively
Calcolatore del piano di concimazione delle colture ortive di pieno campo (CAL-FERT)
No full textCAL-FERT è un foglio di EXCELTM sviluppato dal dott. Luca Incrocci, prof. Alberto Pardossi (Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Agro-Ambientali, Università di Pisa) e dal dott. Daniele Massa (CREA-VIV Pescia, Pistoia) per aiutare i coltivatori e i tecnici nel calcolo dei piani di concimazione per le colture ortive di pieno campo.
Il software procede al calcolo delle dosi di azoto, fosforo e potassio da somministrare al terreno, mediante il calcolo di un bilancio di massa dove si stimano gli apporti e le perdite dei nutrienti, inclusi quelli lisciviati con le piogge e/o l’irrigazione, e quelli derivanti dalla mineralizzazione della sostanza organica e dei residui colturali aerei.
Il software contiene tre database, tutti modificabili da parte dell’utente:
1) Dati climatici: contiene i valori decadali (medie climatiche) della temperatura media minima e massima dell’aria (°C), della piovosità (mm) e dell’evapotraspirazione potenziale (ETP, mm) registrati da circa 80 stazioni meteo dalla rete agrometereologica del Ministero delle Politiche Agricole e Forestali (UCEA). Il database climatico può ospitare fino ad un massimo di 110 stazioni differenti ordinabili in base alla provincia di appartenenza. L’utente può utilizzare una o più delle trenta stazioni “libere” per inserire i propri dati.
2) Dati colturali. Si tratta di un database più complesso, dove si raccolgono le seguenti informazioni riguardanti 85 differenti colture di pieno campo (compresi i cereali, diverse colture foraggere, industriali o ortive);
3) Concimi organici: in questo database sono contenute le concentrazioni di azoto, fosforo e potassio nei più comuni concimi organici; per ogni concime è riportata anche la % di elemento subito disponibile o ceduta nel primo e secondo anno dopo la loro distribuzione. Il database può contenere fino ad un massimo di 20 prodotti
Alla fine, il software produce un software è stampato un report dove sono riassunti gli input utilizzati per il calcolo e il piano di concimazione con l’indicazione di ognuna delle voci del bilancio minerale e delle dosi azoto, fosforo e potassio consigliate per la concimazione di arricchimento e la concimazione di produzione (o di mantenimento)
Proceedings of the International Symposium on Managing Greenhouse Crops in Saline Environment
No full textUnknown name: ISHS
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