1,721,178 research outputs found
The functional anatomy of the basal ganglia from the bench to the bedside: the potential bias of measuring brain structures based on single molecular targets
No full text
Ultrastructural characterization at scanning and transmission electron microscope of the intracellular inclusions induced by different neurotoxins in PC12 cells
No full textThe "Parkinsonian heart": from novel vistas to advanced therapeutic approaches in Parkinson's disease
No full textThe present manuscript reviews novel data on the progressive involvement of different regions of the central nervous system as well as peripheral nerves in Parkinson's disease. Most of these regions are involved in the regulation of the autonomic nervous system, and their damage is concomitant with the specific loss of sympathetic cardiac axon terminals. This causes a cardiovascular dysfunction, which occurs solely in Parkinsonian patients. In order to specify the peculiarity of this cardiovascular alteration we coined the term "Parkinsonian Heart". This is characterized by a severe loss of the physiological noradrenergic innervation and a slight impairment of central autonomic control and it is often characterized by drug-induced morpho-functional alterations. In fact, the current dopamine substitution therapy could make worse such an already abnormal heart. For instance, structure-activity studies on dopamine substitutive drugs report that dopamine agonists belonging to the class of ergot derivatives may produce, with a high frequency, valvular fibrosis in Parkinsonian patients. These effects recently became a major issue and led to consider all ergot dopamine agonists as dangerous for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. In the present review we re-describe the effects of dopamine agonist within the specific context of the Parkinsonian heart. In line with this, additional factors need to be considered: 1--The lack of noradrenergic innervation which might play a significant role in the fibrogenic mechanism. 2--The ergot structure per se, which is not sufficient, but it is rather the ability to act as agonist at 5HT(2B) or alpha-noradrenergic receptors to determine the fibrotic reaction. Therefore, we suggest that binding to these receptor subtypes, joined with the lack of endogenous noradrenergic innervation, might synergize to produce the cardiac fibrosis
Abnormal involontary movements (AIMS) following pulsatile DA stimulation are dependent on the integrity of the locus coeruleus and are related to ultrastructural findings reminescent of those induced by releasing drugs.
No full textOsservazioni morfo-istochimiche sulla mucosa dei turbinati inferiori e dei polipi nasali
No full textEffetto del diazepan sul miocardio di ratti giovani sottoposti a stress sonoro acuto: indagine ultrastrutturale
No full text- …
