1,720,989 research outputs found
Cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and COX-1 Inhibitors in Cancer: A Review of Oncology and Medicinal Chemistry Literature
Full text linkProstaglandins and thromboxane are lipid signaling molecules deriving from arachidonic acid by the action of the cyclooxygenase isoenzymes COX-1 and COX-2. The role of cyclooxygenases (particularly COX-2) and prostaglandins (particularly PGE2) in cancer-related inflammation has been extensively investigated. In contrast, COX-1 has received less attention, although its expression increases in several human cancers and a pathogenetic role emerges from experimental models. COX-1 and COX-2 isoforms seem to operate in a coordinate manner in cancer pathophysiology, especially in the tumorigenesis process. However, in some cases, exemplified by the serous ovarian carcinoma, COX-1 plays a pivotal role, suggesting that other histopathological and molecular subtypes of cancer disease could share this feature. Importantly, the analysis of functional implications of COX-1-signaling, as well as of pharmacological action of COX-1-selective inhibitors, should not be restricted to the COX pathway and to the effects of prostaglandins already known for their ability of affecting the tumor phenotype. A knowledge-based choice of the most appropriate tumor cell models, and a major effort in investigating the COX-1 issue in the more general context of arachidonic acid metabolic network by using the systems biology approaches, should be strongly encouraged
Effect of chirality in platinum drugs
No full textBiological targets, such as proteins and nucleic acids, are chiral, therefore stereoisomers of chiral
molecules interact with these targets differently and, indeed, the antitumor drug oxaliplatin contains
only one enantiomer (R,R) of its 1,2-cyclohexanediamine (DACH) ligand. In this review article we illustrate
the effect of chirality in platinum drugs in relation to different aspects spanning from cytotoxicity to
mutagenicity, from differences in the reaction with DNA and processing of DNA lesions to gene expression
and proteomic profile, to conclude with a section on the use of platinum compounds with chiral amines
to investigate non-covalent interactions in adducts of platinum drugs with nucleotides and DNA. Unlike
the deep understanding of the interactions at a molecular level which has allowed us to interpret the
different antitumor activity and mutagenicity of DACH enantiomers and to propose an explanation for
the particularly high efficacy of cisplatin toward the testis tumor, it is noted that “omics” investigations
are still scanty and a reassessment of chirality effects, through molecular profiling technologies, would
be timely as well as appropriate
Molecular detection of minimal residual disease is associated with early relapse in adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia
No full textBone marrow fibroblasts provide a permissive microenvironment for multiple myeloma cells.
No full textBone marrow fibroblasts provide a permissive microenvironement for multiple myeloma cells
No full text
Downregulated expression of genes mapping on chromosome 9 in chronic myeloid leukemia cases bearing genomic deletions on der(9)
No full text- …
