1,721,183 research outputs found
Diurnal patterns of energy intake derived via principal component analysis and their relationship with adiposity measures in adolescents. Results from the National Diet and Nutrition Survey RP (2008–2012)
Full text linkMounting evidence points towards the existence of an association between energy intake
in the evening and an increased prevalence and risk of being overweight and of obesity. The present
study aimed to describe diurnal eating patterns (DEP) in a nationally representative sample of
UK adolescents and to relate the derived DEP to anthropometrical measures. Data from four-day
food records of adolescents aged 11–18 years participating in the 2008–2012 UK National Diet and
Nutrition Survey Rolling Programme (NDNS RP) was utilised. The DEP were derived using a
principal component analysis on the correlation matrix. Three orthogonal diurnal patterns were
interpretable as (i) a linear contrast (8% of total system variation) between breakfast and an earlier
lunch vs. a later lunch, late dinner, and evening/night snack, renamed “phase shift” DEP; (ii) a linear
contrast (6.0% of system variation) between midmorning snacks, late lunch, and early dinner vs.
breakfast, early and late morning snacks, early lunch, midafternoon snacks, and late dinner, renamed
“early eating and grazing” DEP; (iii) a linear contrast (6.0% of system variation) between late main
meals vs. early main meals and night snacks which was renamed “early main meals and night snacks
vs. late main meals” DEP. After the adjustment for confounders, every 1 unit increase in the “early
main meals and night snacks vs. late main meals”’ DEP score was significantly associated with a
0.29 kg/m2 and 11.6 mm increase in Body Mass Index (BMI) and waist circumference, respectively.
There were no significant associations with the other two main DEPs. In conclusion, adolescents who
tended to eat large early main meals and night snacks rather than slightly later main meals without
night snacks had higher BMI and waist circumference. Further research is required to explore the
determinants of DEP and to explore the impact of the context of eating and socioecological factors in
the development of specific DEP
Investigating eating time patterns in UK adults from The 2008–2012 National Diet and Nutrition Survey
No full textA Fast Method Using Polygenic Scores to Estimate the Number of SNPs Contributing to a Trait and the Variance Explained by Genomewide SNP Panels
No full text
Association between vitamin intake and respiratory complaints in adults from the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey years 1–8
Full text linkObjective: To examine the cross-sectional association between vitamins A, E, C and D from diet and supplements and the prevalence of respiratory complaints in a nationally representative sample of UK adults.
Methods: Data from adult participants of the National Diet and Nutrition Survey Rolling Programme years 2008-2016 were used for the analysis. Logistic regression adapted for complex survey design was used to investigate the relationship between each vitamin intake in turn (exposure) and self-reported respiratory complaints (outcome), adjusting for relevant confounders.
Results: Overall, respiratory complaints were found in 33 of the 6115 adult patients aged 19 years and above. After adjustment for potential confounders, a negative association was observed between the intake of vitamin A and E intake from diet and supplements and respiratory complaints. For vitamin D, intake from supplements, but not diet, was inversely significantly associated with respiratory complaints. No association between vitamin C and respiratory complaints was observed.
Conclusion: In conclusion, intake of vitamin A and E from diet and supplements, and vitamin D from supplements, show strong evidence of association with lower self-reported prevalence of respiratory complaints in a nationally representative sample of UK adults
Statistics and genetics between Italy and Britain in the 20th century: an interview with A. W. F. Edwards
Full text linkThe statistician and geneticist Anthony Edwards is interviewed about his career and the scientific connections between Italy and Britain in the past century. Last student of Fisher and witness and link of the relation between R. A. Fisher and L. L. Cavalli-Sforza, he started his career in Italy working on statistical methods for evolutionary trees, after studying the sex ratio at birth, a problem previously attacked by C. Gini at the beginning of the 20th century. Some emerging themes from the interview are briefly highlighted and related to subsequent developments in statistical genetics and the role of statistics
The day-time patterns of carbohydrate intake in the UK adults – results from the NDNS RP (2008-16)
No full textPhysical activity, abdominal and general obesity and the risk of developing type 2 diabetes: a case-cohort study (InterAct)
No full textSC-49 Minority stress and stigmatizing attitudes towards HIV: a cross-sectional study among MSM on PrEP, people living with HIV and people not living with HIV in Italy
No full textBreakfast consumption and nutrient intakes in 4–18-year-olds. UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey Rolling Programme (2008–2012)
No full textAlthough breakfast consumption is widely considered to be an important component of a healthy lifestyle, few UK studies have examined
differences in nutrient intakes between breakfast consumers and breakfast skippers among children and adolescents. We investigated associations
between breakfast skipping in 4–18-year-olds and their nutrient intakes using data from the UK’s National Diet and Nutrition Survey Rolling
Programme. Dietary data were derived from 4-d estimated food diaries of 802 children aged 4–10 years and 884 children aged 11–18 years (1686 in
total). Daily nutrient intakes of children with different breakfast habits were compared by one-way ANCOVA adjusting for relevant covariates
(sex, age, ethnicity, equivalised household income and BMI). Within-person analysis was carried out on children with an irregular breakfast habit
(n 879) comparing nutrient intakes on breakfast days with those on non-breakfast days using repeated measures ANCOVA. We observed that the
overall nutritional profile of the children in terms of fibre and micronutrient intake was superior in frequent breakfast consumers (micronutrients:
folate, Ca, Fe and I (P<0·01)) and, for the 4–10 years age group, on breakfast days (micronutrients: folate, vitamin C, Ca and I (P<0·01)). Also,
significantly higher proportions of breakfast-consuming children met their reference nutrient intakes of folate, vitamin C, Ca, Fe and I compared
with breakfast skippers (χ
2 analysis, P<0·001). Our study adds to the body of data linking breakfast consumption with higher quality dietary intake
in school-age children, supporting the promotion of breakfast as an important element of a healthy dietary pattern in children
- …
