1,721,036 research outputs found
La tiroide dalla A alla Z
No full textUn manuale pratico organizzato in ordine alfabetico che fa luce su conoscenze superficiali, quando non errate o distorte, sul ruolo della tiroide nell’organismo e sulle conseguenze delle sue malattie. Dall’agoaspirato alla tiroidite di Hashimoto, dalla gravidanza all’allattamento materno, dall’obesità al cancro, fino al gozzo nell’arte, senza dimenticare aspetti molto pratici come l’alimentazione e i ticket sanitari, le voci di questo abbecedario abbracciano tutti gli aspetti normali e patologici di questa ghiandola. Molte informazioni utili e interessanti che non tralasciano le malattie tiroidee negli animali da compagnia e le diete più appropriate per prevenire e curare i disturbi della ghiandola dalla forma di farfalla. Un testo che arricchisce con un linguaggio semplice ma sempre preciso e rigoroso.Un abbecedario che esplora a trecentosessanta gradi le molteplici dimensioni di questa affascinante ghiandola. Un libro che dà risposte chiare alle molte domande che si fa da sempre chi soffre di malattie tiroidee, con l’aggiunta di interessanti curiosità sui legami della tiroide con la pittura, la letteratura e la cultura popolare
The role of the endocannabinoid system in lipogenesis and fatty acid metabolism.
No full textEndocannabinoids (ECs) regulate energy balance by modulating hypothalamic circuits controlling food intake and energy expenditure. However, convincing evidence has accumulated indicating that the EC system is present also in peripheral tissues, in particular in adipose tissue. Fat cells produce and are targets of ECs. Glucose uptake and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity, lipogenesis and adipogenesis are stimulated by ECs through cannabinoid 1 (CB1) receptors. Moreover, CB1 activation leads to a decreased mitochondrial biogenesis and function through inhibition of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). All these effects are blocked by the CB1 antagonist rimonabant, suggesting that the weight-reducing effect of CB1 blockade is due not only to the transient suppression of food intake and reduction of lipogenesis but also to an increased mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative metabolism which counteracts the inhibitory effects of ECs, levels of which are increased in fat tissues of obese rodents and humans. This review focuses on the role of ECs in adipose tissue metabolism, adipokine production, and interactions between ECs and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) during adipogenesis
The blockade of the endocannabinoid CB1 receptors and its influemce on cardiometabolic risk: lessons from Rimonabant In Obesity (RIO) trials
No full textThe impact of visceral obesity epidemic on the incidence of diabetes mellitus andcardiovascular disease is a major concern in the public health management. Even if lifestylemodifications still remain the cornerstone of obesity treatment, the pharmacological approach couldhelp not only to reduce body weight and visceral fat but also their metabolic and cardiovascularcomplications. It has been shown that endogenous cannabinoid system is overactivated in obese miceand both in subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue of obese patients. The CB1 antagonist rimonabantis able to antagonize most of the behavioural and metabolic effect of endocannabinoid overactivation. Four double-blind trials compared rimonabant 5 mg or 20 mg daily with placebo in more than 6600 individuals. RIO-Europe, RIO-Lipids, RIO-North America, and RIO-Diabetes have published 1 yearresults. RIO-North America also included a second year of follow-up. These trials showed that inpatients with obesity, including those with cardiovascular risk factors, continued therapy withrimonabant as compared with placebo is associated with a significant reduction in body weight andwaist circumference. Such therapy is also associated with other favorable changes in thecardiometabolic risk profile, including an improvement in the lipid profile and in glycaemic controlin type 2 diabetic
- …
