1,721,237 research outputs found
Natural and multimodal interfaces for human-machine and human-robot interaction
Full text linkL'abstract è presente nell'allegato / the abstract is in the attachmen
Emotional Dissonance in workplaces: dierences between jobs and perceived well-being
No full textTheoretical background. The connection between work-related stress and psychosocial risks and workers’ health and safety has been confirmed in a wide range of studies all over the world. According EU-OSHA (2016), "while acknowledging the role of individual dispositions and general life circumstances, it has been shown that stress stemming from work-related factors may significantly affect workers’ functioning in and outside work". According with a recent EU-OSHA research, among the sources of major stress there is some connected to emotional regulation, such as "having to deal with difficult customers, patients, pupils, etc. (58%) or "poor communication or cooperation within the organisation (17%). Hochschild (1983) called emotional labour the process by which employees manage their emotions to meet organizationally mandated emotional display rules or norms concerning. When an employee must express an emotion he or she does not feel, or repress felt emotions to meet organizational display rules, is lead to emotional dissonance, which is connected with a clear diminution of personal well-being (Sheldon et al., 1997). The aim of this work is to explore the connections between emotional demands and emotional dissonance with personal well-being in a sample of italian workers.
Instruments, participants and procedures. To assess work demands, resources, and some work psychosocial effect (such as the need for recovery, or work pleasure), we used the italian version of Questionnaire on Experience and Assessment of Work (QEEW, van Veldhoven & Broersen, 1999; van Veldhoven & Meijman, 1994; Pace et. al., 2010); to assess the emotional dissonance we used a scale originally developed by Brotheridge and Lee (2003); to assess psychological strain we used the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12, Goldberg and Williams, 1988). We collected 427 subjects from many different companies (public/state-owned companies and private companies, representing different economic sectors and productive). We conducted multiple regression analyses, using the psychosocial variables as dependend variables.
Results and conclusions. We found that scales connected with emotional labour, such as "emotional demands" (QEEW) and "emotional dissonance" were connected with the psycological strain (GHQ-12 or "need for recovery"), more than aspects that are generally (e.g. "remuneration" or "equity") generally considered to be of greater importance to affect workers' well-being. Future research directions are discussed that can advance our theoretical understanding of how emotional labour interact to affect employees well-being
Emotional Dissonance in workplaces: differences between jobs and perceived well-being
No full textPurpose. According with a recent EU-OSHA research, among the sources of major stress on workplaces there is some connected to emotional regulation, such as "having to deal with difficult customers, patients, pupils, etc. (58%). Hochschild (1983) called emotional labour the process by which employees manage their emotions to meet organizationally mandated emotional display rules or norms concerning. When an employee must express an emotion he or she does not feel, is lead to emotional dissonance, that affect well-being (Sheldon et al., 1997). The aim of this work is to explore how the emotional dissonance affect the personal well-being in a sample of italian workers differentiated by sector, and the mediating role of the perceived organizational resources.
Methodology. To assess work demands, resources, and outcomes we used the italian version of Questionnaire on Experience and Assessment of Work (QEEW, van Veldhoven & Broersen, 1999; Pace et. al., 2010); to assess the emotional dissonance we used a scale originally developed by Brotheridge and Lee (2003); to assess psychological strain we used the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12, Goldberg and Williams, 1988). We collected 371 subjects from many different companies (public/state-owned companies and private companies, representing different economic sectors and productive). We conducted multiple regression and mediation analyses.
Results and conclusions. We found that scales connected with emotional labour and emotional dissonance were connected with psycological strain measures in different ways, depending on the level of contact with customers, patients, or pupils. The mediation of personal and organizational resources has a different role, depending on how workers have to deal with "difficult" people.
Limitations. The cross-sectional nature of this research.
Research/Practical Implications. Future research directions are discussed in order to advance our understanding about solutions that minimize the connection between emotional dissonance and strain
Workload and Need for Recovery in the Academy: The Moderating Role of Student Demands and Meaningful Work Perceptions
Full text linkResearch has often focused on which teaching-related stressors might undermine teachers' effectiveness, with spillover effects on students' performance. This connection makes studies on teacher well-being crucial, as well as the search for variables that can act as a buffer for unavoidable job stressors. The present study investigates whether the relationship between academic workload and the need for recovery varies based on student demands and meaningful work perceptions. Hence, a moderated moderation model was tested on 236 Italian university teachers. The results show that the effect of academic workload on the need for recovery is higher in conditions of high student demands. Meaningful work plays a protective role, mitigating the effect of academic workload in both high and low student demands conditions. These findings suggest the promotion of protective elements that can trigger a virtuous process such that teachers' well-being improves effectiveness, which, in turn, improves students' learning experience
Meaningful work, pleasure in working, and the moderating effects of deep acting and COVID-19 on nurses' work
Full text linkThis study aims to verify the association between nurses' perception of the meaningfulness of their work and their pleasure in working, and whether this relationship may change based on the level of deep acting performed to cope with emotional regulation demands and the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the healthcare work
Storytelling in the Metaverse: From Desktop to Immersive Virtual Reality Storyboarding
Full text linkCreatives from the animation and film industries have always been experimenting with innovative tools and methodologies to improve the creation of prototypes of their visual sequences before bringing them to life. In recent years, as realistic real-time rendering techniques have emerged, the increasing popularity of virtual reality (VR) can lead to new approaches and solutions, leveraging the immersive and interactive features provided by 3D immersive experiences. A 3D desktop application and a novel storyboarding pipeline, which can automatically generate a storyboard including camera details and a textual description of the actions performed in three-dimensional environments, have already been investigated in previous work. The aim was to exploit new technologies to improve existing 3D storytelling approaches, thus providing a software solution for expert and novice storyboarders. This research investigates 3D storyboarding in immersive virtual reality (IVR) to move toward a new storyboarding paradigm. IVR systems provide peculiarities such as body-controlled exploration of the 3D scene and a head-dependant camera view that can extend features of traditional storyboarding tools. The proposed system enables users to set up the virtual stage, adding elements to the scene and exploring the environment as they build it. After that, users can select the available characters or the camera, control them in first person, position them in the scene, and perform actions selecting from a list of options, each paired with a corresponding animation. Relying on the concept of state-machine, the system can automatically generate the list of available actions depending on the context. Finally, the descriptions for each storyboard panel are automatically generated based on the history of activities performed. The proposed application maintains all the functionalities of the desktop version and can be effectively used to create storyboards in immersive virtual environments
The Effect of Emotional Dissonance and Mental Load on Need for Recovery and Work Engagement among Italian Fixed-Term Researchers
Full text linkAlthough many studies have been conducted to evaluate the risk and protective factors on psychological health among academic staff, little attention has been paid to fixed-term research- ers, the weakest figures in the academic context. By using the Job Demands–Resources model as theoretical framework, we investigated: (1) the role of some job demands (workload, mental load, and emotional dissonance) in predicting the need for recovery; (2) the role of some job resources (independence, career opportunities, and work–life balance) in predicting work engagement; and (3) the moderating role of the contract type (more or less precarious). We focused in particular on emotional dissonance (the discrepancy between emotions that need to be displayed and what is really felt), assuming its unique role in predicting fatigue. Results of structural equation modeling analysis generally supported our hypotheses and highlighted a so far undiscovered path between mental load and work engagement. Specifically, mental load leads to fatigue only indirectly through workload and emotional dissonance, while significantly predicting the absorption and the dedica- tion of fixed-term Italian researchers. The latter relationship was also moderated by the contract type, so that mental load predicts dedication especially among researchers in the most precarious condition
Gender Differences in the Relationship between Work–Life Balance, Career Opportunities and General Health Perception
Full text linkAlthough gender equality is increasingly promoted both in the workplace and in society, and women have now fully entered the workforce, the issue of gender differences in relation to career advancement still seems open. Although gender roles no longer clearly define who is responsible for home care and who is responsible for job duties, some research shows that the conflict between family and work life appears to be a greater problem for women than for men. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between career opportunities, work–life balance, and well-being perception separately in both female (n = 499) and male (n = 557) respondents in order to shed light on the role of gender. A multi-group analysis showed that the structural paths of the models differ by gender. For women, the relationships between career opportunities and work–life balance and between career opportunities and the perception of general health have significantly lower values compared to results from the group of men, while the perception of work–life balance affects well-being more significantly when compared to the male counterpart. Implications on the importance of the connection between career and the valorization of personal life duties are further discussed
The Role of Surface Acting in the Relationship between Job Stressors, General Health and Need for Recovery Based on the Frequency of Interactions at Work
Full text linkThe aim of the study was to verify whether the frequency of face-to-face interactions with the public at work can reveal differences in how people react to emotional regulation demands. In particular, we investigated the mediating role of surface acting (a strategy of dealing with emotional dissonance) in the relationship between two typical job stressors (workload and mental load) and two outcomes closely related to work-related well-being: employees’ general health and the need for recovery. Prior studies investigating the detrimental effects of emotional dissonance mostly focused on service workers. However, in light of a survey conducted by the European Agency for Safety and Health at Work (2016) highlighting the growing psycho-social risk constituted by intense human interactions in the workplaces, even in unexpected categories of workers, we hypothesize that emotional demands may also be a concern for those who do not specifically interface with clients as part of their job duties. The results of the multi-group analysis of front-office (N = 734) and back-office (N = 436) Italian workers showed that surface acting fully mediates the relationship between workload and general health among back-office workers, while it only partially mediates this relationship among front-office workers. Furthermore, surface acting is positively associated with the need for recovery and negatively with general health, with higher values for back-office workers. The findings support the hypothesis that the emotional demands are not only a service worker issue and highlight the need to address emotional regulation strategies to enhance the quality of life in and outside the workplace for all employees
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