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Psychosocial working conditions in today’s workplaces : towards an increased specificity in risk assessment and management
No full textCondizioni di lavoro e intenzione di cambiare: risultati dello studio europeo Next in Italia
No full textIntrodution The nursing shortage is an increasing problem worldwide. The Nurses’ Early Exit Study (NEXT) is aimed at investigating the reasons of premature departure from the nursing profession in
10 european countries including Italy. The present paper illustrates the main results concerning the Italian sample.
Materials and methods: 56.406 registered nurses from the ten participant European countries filled in the questionnaires of the longitudinal investigation. Comparisons of the Italian socio-demographic characteristics and working conditions with that of the other European samples were performed. By means of multivariate linear regression analysis, the worse working conditions during the years 2002-2003 were examined in relation to health, well being and intent to leave during the years 2003-2004 .
The risk to develop the intent to change ward/service or institution was evaluated by estimation of the odd-ratios.
Results: Difficulties in asserting professional autonomy inside health institutions result from Italian
investigation as the main reason of dissatisfaction and intent to change workplace or profession, particularly for the younger staff.
Discussion: The results are explained in the framework of current theories that ascribes the
responsibility of sustaining personnel autonomy to the organizations in order to maintain and improve their motivation, health and well being.
Conclusion: Actions should be taken by institutions to ensure this right. Further reasearche could be
useful to direct and sustain mentoring activities during younger nurses’working practice
Il Work ability Index (WAI) come strumento per il monitoraggio della capacità funzionale di lavoro in relazione all’invecchiamento.
Full text linkInteractive effects of shiftwork, age and work stress on health and well-being
No full textIntroduction. While being a relevant risk factor in itself, shiftwork may also interact with age and workplace psychosocial stressors in exerting its potential negative effects on health and well-being. Ageing may decrease tolerance to shiftwork due to reduction in chronobiological, psychophysical, social and work-related adaptability. Moreover, work stress may increase the negative effects of shiftwork on health as it may further impair the capacity to recover due to prolonged physiological internal overactivation, which may be also sustained by cognitive processes such as ruminative and anticipatory thoughts about stressors.
Aim. The aim of this study was to assess, in a sample of non-medical healthcare workers, whether shiftwork on the one hand, and age and work stress on the other hand, significantly interact in affecting several health outcomes such as sleep, chronic fatigue, job satisfaction, work ability, absenteeism, injuries, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and mental disorders.
Methods. 2412 non-medical healthcare workers (nurses, midwives, rehabilitation staff and health technicians), employed in seven state-owned and private hospitals in Northern Italy, were recruited for the study. 1842 workers took part in the survey (response rate=76.4%); 81.3% were women and 18.7% men, with age ranging from 22 to 63 years and work seniority from 2 to 40 years. 49.4% were dayworkers, 4.6% shiftworkers without nights, and 46.1% shifworkers with nights. The Standard Shiftwork Index -SSI- (1), the Work Ability Index -WAI- (2) and the Effort/Reward Imbalance -ERI- (3) questionnaires were the main assessment instruments. Data were analyzed by means of multiple logistic regression analyses (Stata 9.2 package), including gender, marital status, number of children and workload as potential confounders.
Results. As a whole, 33.9% of the workers reported poor or moderate work ability, 22.2% chronic fatigue, 15.3% severe sleep troubles, and 10.2% job dis-satisfaction. Effort/Reward Imbalance resulted as the most important predictor of work ability, chronic fatigue, job satisfaction, and gastrointestinal disorders. Shiftwork including nightwork was the most relevant factor related to severe sleep troubles and significantly interacted with age in affecting job satisfaction and chronic fatigue, and with ERI for gastrointestinal disorders. Age had the highest impact on cardiovascular and musculoskeletal disorders, and it was also related to increased absenteeism, job dis-satisfaction and gastrointestinal disorders. Finally, gender was the most prominent factor in predicting absenteeism, and played a significant role also in relation to work ability, musculoskeletal disorders and chronic fatigue.
References
1. Barton J., Spelten E. et al. (1995).The Standard Shiftwork Index: a battery of questionnaires for assessing shiftwork-related problems. Work & Stress, 9(1), 4–30.
2. Tuomi K., Ilmarinen J., Jahkola A., Katajarinne L., Tulkki A. (1998). Work Ability Index (2nd ed.). Helsinki: Finish Institute of Occupational Health.
3. Siegrist J. & Peter R. (1996), Measuring effort–reward imbalance at work: guidelines. Dusseldorf: Heinrich Heine University
Effects of disturbed sleep on work ability and well-being among european nurses
No full textAim: This study is aimed at assessing whether disturbed sleep predict impaired work ability and other psycho-physical work-related outcomes among European nurses working in different shift systems.
Methods: A cohort of 10301 staff nurses working in state-owned and private hospitals in 8 European countries has been examined within the framework of the Nurses’ Early Exit Study. A one-year follow-up study was conducted with data collected through self-administered questionnaires. A 4-item scale assessed sleep quality and quantity. Sleep was split into tertiles on the basis of sample distribution. Four dichotomized outcomes were considered: emotional exhaustion, job dissatisfaction, thinking of quitting nursing, and the Work Ability Index. For each outcome, a multivariate logistic regression model was conducted to predict the risk of becoming a new disease case one year later, with adjustments made for country, age, gender, employment contract, family status, possibility to find another job in health care in the same area, work to familiy conflict and influence at work.
Results: In the adjusted analysis, being in the lower sleep tertiles was prospectively associated with an increased risk for health and well-being across all outcomes considered, with Odds Ratios ranging from 1.34 to 2.88. Job dissatisfaction and emotional exhaustion resulted as the most affected outcomes
Ruolo dei fattori "genere" ed "età" nella valutazione del rischio psicosociale e negli interventi di prevenzione del personale ospedaliero
No full textVengono riferite due esperienze di ricerca sul personale infermieristico italiano con particolare riguardo ai fattori "genere" ed "età". I parametri impiegati come "stato affettivo" e "conflitto casa-lavoro" hanno dimostrato l'insufficienza delle scelte e degli interventi adottati per contenere la carenza di questo personale nella sanità e per salvaguardarne la salute fino all'età della pension
Burnout ieri e oggi : stato delle conoscenze
No full textIntroduzione: La letteratura riporta diverse e, a volte discordanti, descrizioni teoriche e cliniche del fenomeno del burnout. Obiettivi: La prevenzione di questa sindrome rientra, oggi, a livello primario, in quella dello stress lavoro-correlato. Considerata la sua frequenza, va tuttavia affrontata anche a livello di prevenzione secondaria e terziaria. Metodi: Il concetto di burnout è stato riletto alla luce della psicologia positiva e dei modelli teorici oggi più accreditati. Risultati: Una visione aggiornata, caratterizza questa sindrome come uno stato di alienazione, una perdita di motivazione e di autonomia in conseguenza di un’irrimediabile mancanza di risorse personali e/o organizzative da investire in un percorso professionalmente interessante, gratificante e con relazioni significative tali da infondere valore e spessore al personale progetto di vita. Conclusioni: la scelta di criteri per la definizione clinica di burnout come già avviene in alcuni paesi europei potrebbe favorire un riconoscimento della patologia e studi di prevalenza nelle diverse realtà lavorative italiane.Background: Past clinical research has provided varied and sometimes diverging descriptions of burnout. Objectives: As burnout is still prevalent in today's workplaces, actions are required mainly at the primary but also at the secondary and tertiary levels of prevention. Methods: In this literature review, the concept of burnout is reread through the lens of positive psychology and the most established theoretical models in the field. Results: A common view is seemingly emerging that characterizes burnout as a condition of alienation, loss of motivation and low autonomy resulting from an unbridgeable gap in the personal and/or organizational resources that one has to invest in building a stimulating and rewarding professional career, full of significant relationships that give meaningfulness to one’s life project. Conclusions: Establishing clinical criteria for burnout, as it is the case in some European countries, could facilitate the identification of the syndrome and the estimation of its prevalence in Italian work organizations
L’indice di capacità di lavoro come strumento dell’epidemiologia della prevenzione in relazione all’invecchiamento: risultati di uno studio multicentrico in operatori sanitari
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