97 research outputs found
Energy Monitoring System to Display on Web Page Using ESP8266
Get PDFThe Concepts of the Internet of Things associated with different applications running from home motorisation to habitual IoT, Where partner physical things, from wherever through a system. This will give incite access to information about the physical world and the articles in it provoking imaginative organisations and augmentation in capability and productivity. The framework proposes to build up an IoT based Interactive Industrial Home remote framework, Energy administration framework and inserted information obtaining frame to show on site page utilising GPRS, SMS and E-mail caution. Give them a chance to take a dynamic part of the Internet, trading data about themselves and their environment. It is wanted to style a re-configurable sensible gadget interface for mechanical WSN in IoT climate, amid which ARM received as the centre controller. Along these lines, it will filter data in parallel and continuously with rapid on many unique gadget data. Astute gadget interface particular is received for this style. The gadget consolidated with the latest ARM programmable innovation and savvy gadget determination. By recognising the estimations of sensors it can effortlessly discover the Temperature, Smoke, and Fire introduce in the mechanical condition on the Website, and we can deal with any circumstance from anyplace on the planet through IOT. This gadget is primary for sensor information accumulation and controlling of the new Home Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) in the Internet of Things (IoT) condition. Preventive measures are effectively actualised to avoid problems
Real-time simulation Model of Ultracapacitors for Frequency Stability Support from Wind Generation
No full textThe frequency stability of the power system is challenged by the high penetration of power electronic interfaced renewable energy sources (RES). Energy storage systems (ESS) are used to supply extra power injection to enhance the frequency stability during a disturbance. This paper presents a novel approach for improving the frequency dynamics by incorporating a designed ultracapacitor (UC) with a fully decoupled wind power generation (FDWG) unit. To this aim, a suitable model implementation of UC for real-time simulations is presented. The model constitutes a parallel RC branch, which is appropriate for illustrating the relevant fast UC dynamics that occur within the first milliseconds of the time period of action for fast active-power frequency control services. The frequency performance achieved by the support of the FDWG equipped with UC is compared against the performance achieved by using electrical batteries. The comparison includes the application of droop-derivative frequency control.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Intelligent Electrical Power Grid
Dynamic Incremental Learning for real-time disturbance event classification
No full textWith recent telemetric advancements, the real-time availability of power grid measurements has opened challenging opportunities for the design of advanced protection and control schemes. Artificial neural networks (ANN) are promising approaches for detecting and classifying disturbance events from measurement data. Numerous offline ANN-based classification algorithms were proposed in the past, which increased the interest for their real-world deployment. However, these algorithms are inadequate due to their conventional offline training procedures, model updating, and large backend computing requirements. Besides, most ANN-based algorithms require disturbance event samples to be collectively available during training. This availability may be uncommon in practice as disturbance events are rare, non-deterministic, and uncertain. Hence, an online training procedure where the model processes the events on-the-fly is required. However, ANNs may also suffer from catastrophic forgetting where the model may unintentionally unlearn an occurred disturbance under the learning of new event types; this means ANN may not detect very similar disturbances of the same type in the future. In this paper, we propose Dynamic Incremental Learning (IL) method for ANN models, which is updated in real-time when a new disturbance is detected. Our proposed method adopts a Replay-based IL strategy for designing long-term IL, balancing the accuracy with catastrophic forgetting of disturbance events. The method is designed in a way to learn efficiently for incoming disturbance data with minimized training time and the highest classification accuracy eliminating catastrophic forgetting. The results describe the methodology’s performance regarding classification accuracy, training time, and storage memory. The findings demonstrate that the Dynamic IL method is promising for efficient learning and event classification
Modelling and Simulation of Energy Storage System for Frequency Stability Studies
No full textThe frequency stability of the power system is challenged by the high penetration of power electronic interfaced renewable energy sources (RES). This paper investigates the improvements of frequency responses of fully decoupled wind power generators (FDWG) by proposing a novel implementing of ultracapacitors (UC) within a hybrid scheme in real-time simulations of wind power plants. UCs are selected as ideal power sources in fast active power-frequency control due to their high power density and fast-reacting speed. Batteries and UCs combined hybrid energy storage systems (HESS) are formed to complement their characteristics. Droop-based and derivative-based control and virtual synchronous power (VSP) are the selected strategies to control power system frequency stability. The best frequency performance trading off with HESS cost is found by solving an optimization problem. The proposed optimization algorithm is used to define the HESS size and controller parameters. The optimization results are analysed to illustrate the improvements of frequency stability control comparing the results of droop and derivative-based control with the VSP control strategy.Electrical Engineering | Electrical Power Engineerin
Modeling and Optimal Tuning of Hybrid ESS Supporting Fast Active Power Regulation of Fully Decoupled Wind Power Generators
No full textThe frequency stability of the power system is challenged by the high penetration of power electronic interfaced renewable energy sources (RES). This paper investigates the improvements of the frequency response of fully decoupled wind power generators (FDWG) by proposing a novel generic model implementation of ultracapacitors (UC) within a hybrid scheme in real-time simulations of wind power plants. UCs are selected as ideal power sources in fast active power-frequency control due to their high power density and fast-reacting speed. Batteries and UCs combined hybrid energy storage systems (HESS) are formed to complement their characteristics. Droop-based and frequency derivative-based control and virtual synchronous power (VSP) are the selected control strategies to support power system frequency stability. The best trade-off between frequency performance and HESS cost is found by solving a proposed optimization problem formulation. The proposed optimization problem is used to define the HESS size and the controller parameters. The optimization results show how the fast active power-frequency response is enhanced by the fast UC power injection. It also shown that VSP leads to faster frequency support than the droop-based control and the frequency derivative control.Intelligent Electrical Power Grid
Non-Homogeneous Sampling Rate Wide Area Backup Protection using Synchrophasors and IED Data
No full textFault currents may result in cascading failures and even system collapse if not detected and cleared on time. To account for the possibility of failure of primary protection under stressed system conditions, an extra layer of protection is commonly employed, referred to as backup protection. This paper introduces an effective formulation for realizing remote backup protection using available data from PMUs and Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs). The proposed method is split into three main stages. The first stage deals with the zoning detection of the fault. The second stage is aimed at faulted line detection, and finally, the third stage determines the fault distance on the faulted line. The method is designed to take full advantage of measurements provided by PMUs and IEDs. The challenges associated with different reporting rates are resolved thanks to the dynamic decimator employed to this end. The proposed method has been implemented in real-time by applying co-simulation with MATLAB and validated using the New England IEEE 39 bus system with several fault events.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Intelligent Electrical Power Grid
PMU-based state estimation for real-time monitoring of active distribution systems
No full textState estimation (SE) is a crucial tool for power system state monitoring since the control center requires a process to deal with a large number of imprecise measurements. Several SE methods have been applied and developed for the electric power system in the transmission level in the past several decades. Meanwhile, SE for the distribution level remained in the background for a long time since the distribution networks were mainly radial with uni-directional power flows, making classical monitoring and control functions sufficient. Recently, due to the liberalization of the energy market, growing penetration of distributed generation, mainly renewable energy sources, and distributed energy resources such as electric vehicles, the distribution system has been gradually changing from passive into active grids. This requires more sophisticated monitoring and control of the distribution network via a distribution management system (DMS) to ensure optimal integration and maximize the grid hosting capacity. Since one of the key functions of DMS for real-time operation is the SE procedure, this calls for the following: (i) development of SE techniques for the distribution level, so-called distribution system state estimation (DSSE); (ii) more deployment of time-synchronized devices like phasor measurement units (PMU) that can directly measure and acquire accurate and time-aligned phasors with typical refresh rates up to 20-60 times per second.Two types of DSSE algorithms were developed and implemented on the real-life 50 kV ring distribution grid composed of PMU devices by using the real-time simulation platform. The first is a static approach. The problem is formulated as a WLS problem to be solved based on the iterative Newton method, known as static state estimation (SSE). The second is a dynamic approach, which is more advanced, known as the forecasting-aided state estimation (FASE). It is one of the particular applications of the dynamic state estimation (DSE) concept based on the quasi-steady-state operating conditions. The dynamic formulation is solved using the extended Kalman filter (EKF) technique. This research aims to implement distribution system state estimation (DSSE) algorithms coupled with the auxiliary function, the so-called anomaly detection discrimination and identification (ADDI), into the distribution network. Both normal and abnormal operation scenarios of the power system are simulated to validate the algorithms.The results reveal that the FASE is superior to the SSE algorithm in terms of estimation accuracy and computational time under normal operating conditions. However, under abnormal conditions, if there is no ADDI module, the performances of both algorithms are degraded significantly due to erroneous measurements. The FASE algorithm loses the system states' trajectory when sudden load change occurs. These issues point out the necessity of using the ADDI module against possible disturbances in real-life networks. In the end, the results show that the proposed FASE algorithm coupled with the ADDI module can accurately estimate the states under both normal and abnormal operations. One significant contribution is that the proposed algorithm can perform adequately fast so that it can process every high-speed measurement from PMU devices.Electrical Engineerin
Implementation and Performance Assessment of Fast Active Power Injection Method for Type 4 Wind Turbine based on Real-time Simulation
No full textThis paper deals with the implementation of a Fast Active Power Injection (FAPI) controller in a Type-4 Wind Turbine. Two different FAPI controllers, droop-based and a modified derivative-based controller are proposed and investigated under real-time simulation platform. The implementation is done in a Real-Time Digital Simulator (RTDS) by using the functionalities of RSCAD software. The IEEE 9 bus system is taken as a case study to quantitatively check the suitability of the implemented controller. The response of the wind turbine observed in EMT simulations is compared against the response obtained via numerical simulations with a generic wind turbine model built-in DIg SILENT PowerFactory software. The details of the model implemented in RSCAD provides better insight on capturing the impacts of controller parameters. Obtained results clearly demonstrate how the proposed controller can effectively improve the dynamic frequency performance of the power system."Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public."Intelligent Electrical Power GridsPhotovoltaic Materials and Device
DISTRIBUTION MANAGEMENT IN SUPPLY CHAIN PROCESS
No full text<p>Distribution Management plays a pivotal role in modern supply chains, facilitating the movement of goods and services across vast networks of highways and roads. This provides an overview of the challenges and opportunities in this critical sector of the transportation industry. The challenges in roadway logistics transport include traffic congestion, infrastructure maintenance, environmental concerns, and the need for improved safety measures. These issues pose significant obstacles to the efficient and sustainable movement of goods.</p>
- …
