842 research outputs found
Kesan penambahan protein soya terhadap pengerasan & kekuatan mampatan simen brushit-HA
No full textKajian ini meliputi penyediaan simen kalsium fosfat yang terdiri daripada campuran serbuk brushit (DCPD) dan hidroksiapatit (HA) yang dihasilkan secara sintesis dalam makmal. Larutan penimbal digunakan sebagai fasa cecair dan dicampurkan dengan campuran serbuk DCPD dan HA bagi menghasilkan simen tulang secara in situ dengan nisbah cecair kepada serbuk (L/P) antara 0.26 – 0.36 mL g-1. Sodium alginat dan protein soya ditambahkan ke dalam simen kalsium fosfat dan dikaji kesannya terhadap simen yang dihasilkan. Keputusan kajian menunjukkan simen kalsium fosfat dapat dihasilkan pada nisbah L/P 0.32 mL g-1 dengan penambahan 1%bt sodium alginat dan 1%bt protein soya dengan kebolehsuntikan yang maksimum (100%) dan tempoh pengerasan selama 26 min. Penambahan protein soya juga telah meningkatkan kekuatan mampatan simen tulang daripada 2.90 MPa (tanpa protein) kepada 3.98 MPa pada 1.5%bt protein. Simen kalsium fosfat-protein soya yang dihasilkan juga menunjukkan sifat kebioaktifan. Pertumbuhan apatit berlaku pada hari ke-3 selepas rendaman di dalam larutan simulasi badan (SBF) dan membesar dengan perlanjutan tempoh rendaman
Firms’ moral hazard in sickness absences
No full textSick workers in many countries receive sick pay during their illness- related absences from the workplace. In several countries, the social security system insures firms against their workers’ sickness absences. However, this insurance may create moral hazard problems for firms, leading to the inefficient monitoring of absences or to an underinvestment in their prevention. In the present paper, we investigate firms’ moral hazard problems in sickness absences by analyzing a legislative change that took place in Austria in 2000. In September 2000, an insurance fund that refunded firms for the costs of their blue-collar workers’ sickness absences was abolished (firms did not receive a similar refund for their white-collar workers’ sickness absences). Before that time, small firms were fully refunded for the wage costs of blue- collar workers’ sickness absences. Large firms, by contrast, were refunded only 70% of the wages paid to sick blue-collar workers. Using a difference-in-differences-in-differences approach, we estimate the causal impact of refunding firms for their workers’ sickness absences. Our results indicate that the incidences of blue-collar workers’ sicknesses dropped by approximately 8% and sickness absences were almost 11% shorter following the removal of the refund. Several robustness checks confirm these results.absenteeism, moral hazard, sickness insurance
Firms’ moral hazard in sickness absences
No full textSick workers in many countries receive sick pay during their illness- related absences from the workplace. In several countries, the social security system insures firms against their workers’ sickness absences. However, this insurance may create moral hazard problems for firms, leading to the inefficient monitoring of absences or to an underinvestment in their prevention. In the present paper, we investigate firms’ moral hazard problems in sickness absences by analyzing a legislative change that took place in Austria in 2000. In September 2000, an insurance fund that refunded firms for the costs of their blue-collar workers’ sickness absences was abolished (firms did not receive a similar refund for their white-collar workers’ sickness absences). Before that time, small firms were fully refunded for the wage costs of blue- collar workers’ sickness absences. Large firms, by contrast, were refunded only 70% of the wages paid to sick blue-collar workers. Using a difference-in-differences-in-differences approach, we estimate the causal impact of refunding firms for their workers’ sickness absences. Our results indicate that the incidences of blue-collar workers’ sicknesses dropped by approximately 8% and sickness absences were almost 11% shorter following the removal of the refund. Several robustness checks confirm these results.absenteeism, moral hazard, sickness insurance
sj-pdf-1-epb-10.1177_23998083221081529 – Supplemental Material for Exploiting COVID-19 related traffic changes to evaluate flow dependency of an FCD-defined congestion measure
No full textSupplemental Material, sj-pdf-1-epb-10.1177_23998083221081529 for Exploiting COVID-19 related traffic changes to evaluate flow dependency of an FCD-defined congestion measure by Megan M Bruwer and Simen J Andersen in Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science</p
Firms' Moral Hazard in Sickness Absences
No full textSick workers in many countries receive sick pay during their illness-related absences from the workplace. In several countries, the social security system insures firms against their workers' sickness absences. However, this insurance may create moral hazard problems for firms, leading to the inefficient monitoring of absences or to an underinvestment in their prevention. In the present paper, we investigate firm' moral hazard problems in sickness absences by analyzing a legislative change that took place in Austria in 2000. In September 2000, an insurance fund that refunded firms for the costs of their blue-collar workers' sickness absences was abolished (firms did not receive a similar refund for their white-collar workers' sickness absences). Before that time, small firms were fully refunded for the wage costs of blue-collar workers' sickness absences. Large firms, by contrast, were refunded only 70% of the wages paid to sick blue-collar workers. Using a difference-in-differences-in-differences approach, we estimate the causal impact of refunding firms for their workers' sickness absences. Our results indicate that the incidences of blue-collar workers' sicknesses dropped by approximately 8% and sickness absences were almost 11% shorter following the removal of the refund. Several robustness checks confirm these results.absenteeism, moral hazard, sickness insurance
Characteristics and classification of the soils of the plateau of SIMEN Mountains National Park (smnp), Ethiopia
No full textThe Simen Mountains National Park (smnp) is found in the Simen Mountains (North Gonder). Detailed soil survey (scale 1:25 000) was conducted to classify, characterise and determine status of the soils of the plateau of smnp. Umbric Andosols, Luvic Andosols and Mollic-Lithic Leptosols were found to be the major soil types. Land use and topographic attributes affected many of the characteristics of the soils. Thickness of total and topsoil depth decreased with increase in slope gradient and altitude. Whereas the whole of the study area was once covered by dark topsoil, this characteristic was lost in many of the cultivated soils. Under natural conditions, the soils had high levels of andic properties (which fixed P availability) and high contents of surface organic carbon (commonly over 6%), and total nitrogen (>0.4%), available water holding capacity (over 30%) and cec (>30 Cmolc kg-1 soil). Contents of organic carbon, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, water holding capacity, levels of pH and topsoil depth were most sensitive to degradation and lowered in quality under cultivation, suggesting the need having awareness in their management under cultivated soils. Crop and animal production expanded to higher altitudes and steeper slopes (>80%) where the rare wild animals existed, which would cause their displacement and extinction. Therefore, coexistence of farming population and wild animals could not become sustainable in the smnp. This calls for a development of sound land use plan in order to preserve (and conserve) natural resources in general and the soil resources in particular
CHARACTERISTICS AND CLASSIFICATION OF THE SOILS OF THE PLATEAU OF SIMEN MOUNTAINS NATIONAL PARK (SMNP), ETHIOPIA
No full textThe Simen Mountains National Park (SMNP) is found in the Simen Mountains (NorthGonder). Detailed soil survey (scale 1:25 000) was conducted to classify, characterise and determinestatus of the soils of the plateau of SMNP. Umbric Andosols, Luvic Andosols and Mollic-Lithic Leptosolswere found to be the major soil types. Land use and topographic attributes affected many of thecharacteristics of the soils. Thickness of total and topsoil depth decreased with increase in slopegradient and altitude. Whereas the whole of the study area was once covered by dark topsoil, thischaracteristic was lost in many of the cultivated soils. Under natural conditions, the soils had high levelsof andic properties (which fixed P availability) and high contents of surface organic carbon (commonlyover 6%), and total nitrogen (>0.4%), available water holding capacity (over 30%) and CEC (>30 Cmolckg-1 soil). Contents of organic carbon, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, water holding capacity,levels of pH and topsoil depth were most sensitive to degradation and lowered in quality undercultivation, suggesting the need having awareness in their management under cultivated soils. Cropand animal production expanded to higher altitudes and steeper slopes (>80%) where the rare wildanimals existed, which would cause their displacement and extinction. Therefore, coexistence offarming population and wild animals could not become sustainable in the SMNP. This calls for adevelopment of sound land use plan in order to preserve (and conserve) natural resources in generaland the soil resources in particula
Replication Data for: Hunting method affects cortisol levels in harvested mountain hares (Lepus timidus)
No full textThis dataset contains information on cortisol levels in Norwegian mountain hares (Lepus timidus) after hunting. The dataset includes cortisol level measurements from 20 hares that were hunted using dogs and 32 hares that were hunted without the use of dogs. For addittional information on georeferencing, age, concentration of other blood hormones etc contact senior author. Abstract (of article):
Direct effect of hunting on hunted individuals and populations have been well-known for a long time. However, there has recently been an increased focus also on the indirect, non-lethal effects of hunting. When approached by a possible threat such as a predator, prey releases various stress hormones into the bloodstream. Cortisol is one of these hormones and the blood concentration is an indicator of stress levels in mammals. Here we report on a study on effects of using hunting dogs versus walk-up shooting on mountain hare blood cortisol levels. We sampled 20 hares hunted using dogs and 32 control hares hunted without using dogs. On average cortisol levels in hares hunted using dogs was 44.6 ng/ml, while hares harvested without being chased by dogs was 6.8 ng/ml. Based on the blood hormone levels of this study we cannot conclude if the elevated cortisol levels we see in the hares hunted using dogs was harmful to the hares had they not been shot. However, given what is known about effects of chronic stress, we would caution against repeated chases of individual hares. The cumulative effect of stressors including hunting is likely crucial for any effects on reproduction and survival. Thus, there is a need to evaluate the long-term effects of hunting chases and other human activities on mountain hare stress hormone levels, and to investigate the long-term effect on hare behavior, space use, survival, reproduction and recruitment
(Damped) Response Methods for x-ray absorption spectroscopy, photoionization cross sections and other “exotic” molecular spectroscopies
No full textAn account of recent work on damped response methodologies based on either coupled cluster wave function ansatzes or time-dependent density functional theory to compute x-ray Near-Edge Absorption Fine Structures [1,2,3], photoionization cross-sections [5] as well as other “exotic” response properties of atoms and molecules in resonant and non-resonant frequency regions [3,4,6,7] will be presented.
References
[1] S. Coriani, O. Christiansen, T. Fransson, P. Norman, Phys. Rev. A 85, 022507 (2012)
[2] S. Coriani, T. Fransson, O. Christiansen, P. Norman J. Chem. Theory Comp. 8, 1616 (2012)
[3] T. Fransson, S. Coriani, O. Christiansen, P. Norman, J. Chem. Phys., 138, 124311 (2013)
[4] J. Kauczor, P. Norman, O. Christiansen, S. Coriani, to be submitted.
[5] J. Cukras, S. Coriani, P. Decleva, O. Christiansen, P. Norman, submitted to J. Chem. Phys.
[6] J. Cukras, S. Coriani, J. Kauczor, P. Norman, A. Rizzo, to be submitted
[7] T. Fahleson, J. Kauczor, P. Norman and S. Coriani. Mol. Phys. (2013), DOI:10.1080/00268976.2013.77939
P-Simenin mikrobiyal biyotransformasyonu
No full textTez (yüksek lisans) - Anadolu ÜniversitesiAnadolu Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Farmakognozi Anabilim DalıKayıt no: 450341Bu çalışmada p-simenin 35 farklı mikroorganizma ile biyotransformasyonu araştırılmıştır. Bunlardan Aspergillus niger (NRRL 326) ile bir, Aspergillus alliaceus (NRRL 317) ile iki, Penicillium claviforme (MR376) ile beş, Phanerochaete chrysosporium (BKM-F-1767) ile yedi metabolit oluşumu GC/MS ile belirlenmiştir. Bu metabolitlerden Phanerochaete chrysosporium ile oluşan iki metabolitin tanımlanması mümkün olmuştur. Bu metabolitler p-simen-8-ol ve kumin alkol (p-simen-7-ol)'dür. Bu iki bileşik doğal bileşikler olup daha önce çeşitli uçucu yağların bileşiminde tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada elde edilen verilerle p-simenden hareketle bu metabolitlerin üretilmeleri, biyoaktivitelerinin araştırılması ve ilaç-gıda sanayii için hammade olarak önerilmeleri mümkün olacaktır
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